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The role of the American Vice Presidency has changed dramatically over the almost 250 years the United States has been in existence. This article, using the general semantics dating device (attaching dates with subscripts to show change occurs over time), will provide some context for that change and discuss the direction it has been taking.

From George Washington's decision to buy time for the new nation by signing the less-than-ideal Jay Treaty with Great Britain in 1795 to George W. Bush's order of a military intervention in Iraq in 2003, the matter of who is president of the United States is of the utmost importance. In this book, Fred Greenstein examines the leadership styles of the earliest presidents, men who served at a time when it was by no means certain that the American experiment in free government would succeed.

Before becoming president, he called some women “fat pigs,” disparaged the looks of Heidi Cruz, voiced horror at the face of candidate Carly Fiorina, labeled a beauty pageant winner “Miss Piggy” and dismissed the many women who accused him of misdeeds as not attractive enough to have drawn his attention. Since becoming president, his focus on personal looks has been undiminished, though often kept out of public view. Trump was so taken by his “central casting” looks that he never held a substantive discussion with him to see if their foreign policy views matched before naming him his first secretary of State. Just last week, the president said Rep. Tom Emmer was perfect to head the National Republican Congressional Committee because he’s “central casting.”

The House adopted Congressman Collin Peterson’s, D-Minn., Ranking Member of the House Agriculture Committee, motion to instruct the House conferees to support mandatory funding for USDA’s animal health laboratory network, animal disease preparedness and response program and a national animal vaccine bank. House Education and the Workforce Committee: Republicans - Chairwoman Virginia Foxx (N.C.) and Rick Allen (Ga.) Democrat – Alma Adams (N.C.) House Energy and Commerce Committee: Republicans - John Shimkus (Ill.) and Kevin Cramer (N.D.) Democrat – Paul Tonko (N.Y.) House Financial Services Committee: Republicans - Chairman Jeb Hensarling (Texas) and Sean Duffy (Wis.) Democrat – Ranking Member Maxine Waters (Calif.) House Foreign Affairs Committee: Republicans - Chairman Ed Royce (Calif.) and Steve Chabot (Ohio) Democrat – Ranking Member Eliot Engel (N.Y.) House Oversight and Government Reform Committee: Republicans - Mark Walker (N.C.) and James Comer (Ky.) Democrat - Stacey Plaskett (Virgin Islands) House Natural Resources Committee: Republicans - Chairman Rob Bishop (Utah) and Bruce Westerman (Ark.) Democrats – Ranking Member Raul Grijalva (Ariz.) House Science, Space, and Technology Committee: Republicans - Ralph Abraham (La.) and Neal Dunn (Fla.) Democrat – Ranking Member Eddie Bernice Johnson (Texas) House Transportation and Infrastructure: Republicans Jeff Denham (Calif.) Bob Gibbs (Ohio) Democrat – Cheri Bustos (IL) The Senate is expected to vote next week to go to conference and name its seven conferees. According to the U.S. Meat Export Federation, the EPA will phase out Japan’s import duties on EU processed pork products (to zero by year six for ground seasoned pork and canned hams and by year 11 for ham and bacon).