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The Colonization of Unfamiliar Landscapes
This innovative and important volume presents the archaeological and anthropological foundations of the landscape learning process. Contributions apply the related fields of ethnography, cognitive psychology, and historical archaeology to the issues of individual exploration, development of trail systems, folk knowledge, social identity, and the role of the frontier in the growth of the modern world.
A series of case studies examines the archaeological evidence for and interpretations of landscape learning from the movement of the first pre-modern humans into Europe, peoplings of the Old and New World at the end of the Ice Age, and colonization of the Pacific, to the English colonists at Jamestown.
The final chapters summarize the implications of the landscape learning idea for our understanding of human history and set out a framework for future research.
'Excellent ... Marcy Rockman and James Steele have done a good job.' - Landscape History
\"...this book makes important contributions to the continuing study of landscape, and the bridging interdisiplinary gaps between archaeology and anthropology.\" Joost Fontein, University of Edinburgh
Marcy Rockman is a Lecturer in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Arizona, Tucson. James Steele is a Lecturer in the Department of Archaeology at Southampton University.
List of Tables and Figures List of Contributors Foreword Acknowledgements Editors' Introduction Section One: Conceptual Frameworks 1. Knowledge and Learning in the Archaeology of Colonization 2. Human Wayfinding Behaviour 3. Colonization of New Land by Hunter-Gatherers: Expectations and Implications Based on Ethnographic Data 4. Tracking the Role of Pathways in the Evolution of a Human Landscape: the St. Croix Riverway in Ethnohistorical Perspective 5. Mining Rushes and Landscape Learning in the Modern World Section 2: Case Studies 6. Landscape Learning and the Earliest Peopling of Europe 7. The Social Context of Landscape Learning and the Lateglacial - Early Postglacial Recolonization of the British Isles 8. \"Where Do We Go From Here?\": Modelling the Decision-Making Process During Exploratory Dispersal 9. Deerslayers, Pathfinders and Icemen: Origins of the European Neolithic as Seen from the Frontier 10. Entering Uncharted Waters: Models of Initial Colonization in Polynesia 11. The Weather is Fine: Wish You Were Here, Because I'm the Last One Alive: 'Learning' the Environment in the English New World Colonies Section 3: Advances in Theory and Method 12. Colonizing New Landscapes: Archaeological Detectability of the First Phase 13. Lessons in Landscape Learning Index
eBook
Factor structure and measurement invariance of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory
To examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (C-MPFI) in college students and other groups. A total of 2794 participants were included in the study, including college students (Sample A: N = 1405), middle school students (Sample B: N = 438), epidemic prevention and control volunteers (Sample C: N = 496), and private enterprise employees (Sample D: N = 455). Sample A was asked to complete C-MPFI and the validity questionnaires at the same time. Other sample groups were only required to complete C-MPFI. After 3 weeks, 355 college students filled in the same questionnaires to assess the test-retest reliability. The exploratory factor analysis showed that the C-MPFI consisted of six factors, with a total of 30 items. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the six-factor structure fit was acceptable ([chi].sup.2 = 1629.64, df = 398, CFI = 0.90, TLI = 0.89, RMSEA = 0.070, SRMR = 0.078). C-MPFI and its dimensions are significantly positively correlated with positive indicators of mental health (life satisfaction), significantly negatively correlated with negative emotions (depression, anxiety, stress), and significantly negatively correlated with empirical avoidance and cognitive fusion. C-MPFI and its dimensions demonstrated good internal consistency and test-retest reliability in different samples. The C-MPFI scores were comparable across groups, according to the results of the measurement invariance tests, the configural invariance, metric invariance, scalar invariance, and strict invariance of the 6-factor model. It suggested that the C-MPFI has good reliability and validity.
Journal Article
Switch : how to change things when change is hard
\"In a story-driven narrative, the Heaths bring together decades of counter-intuitive research in psychology, sociology, and other fields to shed new light on how we can effect transformative change. \"Switch \"shows that successful changes follow a pattern, a pattern you can use to make the changes that matter to you, whether your interest is in changing the world or changing your waistline.\"--Publisher's description.
Measuring psychological flexibility and inflexibility: further psychometric evidence of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory short form
The Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI) is a recently developed measure of psychological flexibility and inflexibility (PF and PI) based on the Hexaflex/Inflexahex Model. The aim of this article was to assess the factorial structure, reliability, and convergent and criterion validity of the MPFI-24 in a sample from Spain. The MPFI-24 was tested in a sample of 508 university students (Study 1). Items comprising the acceptance and Experiential Avoidance (EA) subscales were rewritten and tested in a sample of 406 university students (Study 2). Participants completed online cross-sectional surveys including the Spanish MPFI-24, and measures of PF, PI, and mental health. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a six-component first-order factor structure for PF and for PI. The MPFI-24 demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, temporal stability, and convergent and criterion validity. The MPFI-24 is a promising tool. Potential areas for improvement of the measure are discussed.
Journal Article
Saturday
When all of their special Saturday plans go awry, Ava and her mother still find a way to appreciate one another and their time together.
Book
Cognitive and behavioural flexibility: neural mechanisms and clinical considerations
Cognitive and behavioural flexibility permit the appropriate adjustment of thoughts and behaviours in response to changing environmental demands. Brain mechanisms enabling flexibility have been examined using non-invasive neuroimaging and behavioural approaches in humans alongside pharmacological and lesion studies in animals. This work has identified large-scale functional brain networks encompassing lateral and orbital frontoparietal, midcingulo-insular and frontostriatal regions that support flexibility across the lifespan. Flexibility can be compromised in early-life neurodevelopmental disorders, clinical conditions that emerge during adolescence and late-life dementias. We critically evaluate evidence for the enhancement of flexibility through cognitive training, physical activity and bilingual experience.Flexibility is critical for the optimal adaptation of thoughts and actions under changing circumstances. In this Review, Uddin summarizes research that has identified cognitive processes and neural systems supporting flexibility and discusses ways to improve flexibility across the lifespan.
Journal Article