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Letter to the Editor

Background The presence of women in decision-making positions, such as on editorial committees of biomedical journals, is not the same as that of men. This paper analyzes the gender composition of editorial committees (EBMs) and editors-in-chief (ECs) positions of pediatric journals. Methods The gender of EBMs and ECs of 125 journals classified in the pediatrics area of the Journal Citation Report (JCR) was analyzed. The following indicators were calculated: gender distribution of ECs and EBMs by journal, publisher, subject speciality, country, quartile of the journal in JCR and country of affiliation of the members. Results The total number of EBMs was 4242. The distribution by sex of the ECs was 19.44% women and 80.56% men, while that of the EBMs were 33.05% women and 66.95% men. Twenty journals exhibited a greater representation of women than of men, and in four there was parity. Journals with greater participation of women specialized in nursing and physical therapy and were related to nutrition (lactation and breastfeeding). Conclusions Only one-fifth of ECs and one-third of EBMs are females. Women’s participation is higher in journals related to nursing, physical and occupational therapy, and nutrition. The United States has the highest number of EBMs, followed by the European Union. Impact Only one-fifth of Editors-in-chief in pediatrics journals are female. Only one-third of Editorial Board Members in pediatrics journals are female. Women’s participation is higher in editorials committees in pediatrics journals related to nursing, physical and occupational therapy, and nutrition. Medical and pediatric associations and societies must work together to eliminate the disparities that exist between women and men. Achieving gender equity and empowering all women is one of the World Health Organization’s Sustainable Development Goals.

The decision to appoint a board of advisors is welcome — and urgent, given the twin challenges of COVID and climate change. The decision to appoint a board of advisors is welcome — and urgent, given the twin challenges of COVID and climate change. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speaks with the press

Faced with the compound uncertainties of Brexit, the attention of the UK science community has understandably focused on two big-ticket items: mobility and money. But there's a third 'm' that will demand close attention as the negotiations on the exit process - officially triggered this week by invoking Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty - get under way: the machinery of scientific, technical and regulatory advice.

As calls for reform intensify following recent furores about e-mails, conflicts of interest, glaciers and extreme weather, five climatologists propose ways forward for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Their suggestions range from reaffirming the panel' governing principles to increasing the number and speed of its publications to replacing the volunteer organization with a permanently staffed structure.

In the 2nd of a 3-part series on the value of patient and family advisory councils, an early adopter at a large, Magnet®-recognized healthcare system reveals ways in which an environment focused on strong partnerships, a culture of safety, and a commitment to transparency led to the creation of successful councils at multiple hospitals. The authors discuss nursing’s integral role in championing and leading the councils, as well as the benefits of a strong patient-family voice in hospital operations and care processes.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Clinicians caring for patients seeking alcohol detoxification face many challenges, including lack of evidence-based guidelines for treatment and high recidivism rates. OBJECTIVES To develop a standardized protocol for determining which alcohol dependent patients seeking detoxification need inpatient versus outpatient treatment, and to study the protocol’s implementation. DESIGN Review of best evidence by ad hoc task force and subsequent creation of standardized protocol. Prospective observational evaluation of initial protocol implementation. PARTICIPANTS Patients presenting for alcohol detoxification. INTERVENTION Development and implementation of a protocol for evaluation and treatment of patients requesting alcohol detoxification. MAIN MEASURES Number of admissions per month with primary alcohol related diagnosis (DRG), 30-day readmission rate, and length of stay, all measured before and after protocol implementation. RESULTS We identified one randomized clinical trial and three cohort studies to inform the choice of inpatient versus outpatient detoxification, along with one prior protocol in this population, and combined that data with clinical experience to create an institutional protocol. After implementation, the average number of alcohol related admissions was 15.9 per month, compared with 18.9 per month before implementation ( p  = 0.037). There was no difference in readmission rate or length of stay. CONCLUSIONS Creation and utilization of a protocol led to standardization of care for patients requesting detoxification from alcohol. Initial evaluation of protocol implementation showed a decrease in number of admissions.

Study of the origins, philosophy and history of the criteria used to assess research activities in Spain by the CNEAI. The assessment criteria and quality evidence of publications is discussed. Results are presented on the temporal development of the criteria used, grouped by publication type (articles and books) and fields of knowledge. Between 1989-1996, assessment was based on the definition and goals set by the Spanish scientific framework and on general criteria. Between 1996-2004, the formulation of indicators began to be almost exclusively based on Journal Citation Reports (JCR). Success rates up to 2004 indicate that the evaluation criteria and publishing behaviour matched the \"hard sciences\", but not the Social Sciences and Economics. In 2005, the criteria used were further developed and reoriented with an eye to softening the preceding JCR-centrism by taking into consideration other databases and defining the quality criteria to be met by journals, books and conferences not included in JCR. Correspondingly, the success rates for 2007 indicate a dramatic recovery in Economics. In the last 4 years, Humanities and Social Sciences have consolidated the further opening of the criteria used with the addition of new benchmarks and the full integration of books.

Meeting in Nairobi from 24 to 27 February, the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) made several minor adjustments to its assessment process. The changes aim to engage more scientists, in part by boosting the representation of developing nations in the group's governing body.