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"Afghanistan-Pakistan relations"
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India’s and Pakistan’s Strategies in Afghanistan
India and Pakistan have very different visions for Afghanistan, and they seek to advance highly disparate interests through their respective engagements in the country. This paper reviews the countries’ interests in Afghanistan, how they have tried to further their interests, how Afghanistan navigates their rivalry, and the rivalry’s implications for U.S. and Indian policy.
eBook
Empire and tribe in the Afghan frontier region : custom, conflict and British strategy in Waziristan until 1947
\"Waziristan, a region on the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, has in recent years become a flash point in the so-called 'War on Terror'. Hugh Beattie looks at the history of this region, examining British attempts to manage the tribes from 1849 until Pakistan's declaration of independence in 1947. He explores British attempts to divide the frontier region into separate British and Afghan spheres of influence. In the minds of British policymakers, this demarcation would secure the position of the Empire, and so Beattie highlights the various policy initiatives towards the frontier region over the period in question. Crucially, he analyses how the British perceived the local tribes, what constituted authority within tribal frameworks, and the military and political ramifications of these perceptions. As he also explores the contemporary relevance of this region, taking into account the resurgence of the Taliban in Waziristan, Beattie's analysis is vital for those interested in the history and security implications of the Afghan frontier with Pakistan\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Pakistan and the Taliban
This essay examines the factors behind the deteriorating political and security relations of once strategic partners Pakistan and Afghanistan with the return of the Taliban.
MAIN ARGUMENT
As part of its policy of creating “strategic depth” in Afghanistan, Pakistan spent decades nurturing the Afghan Taliban as a strategic asset—one that would secure its interests in Afghanistan. Hence, the Taliban’s resumption of power in Kabul in August 2021 was initially perceived as a victory for Pakistan. However, Islamabad’s support for the Taliban has backfired, as hostility between Afghanistan and Pakistan has significantly increased since the Taliban regained the reins of government. Since the re-emergence of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, Pakistan’s terrorism problem has resurfaced, the Durand Line issue has once again become an obstacle, and violent clashes along the border have disturbed trade. Pakistan’s strategic asset has turned into a strategic predicament, bringing the two countries almost to the verge of war.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
• The U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan and the re-emergence of the Taliban regime in 2021 have resulted in a concerning rise in the presence of terrorist organizations such as Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), al Qaeda, and the Islamic State Khorasan Province (ISKP). These groups are a threat to international peace and demand attention from all regional stakeholders.
• Both Pakistan and Afghanistan currently face the threat of terrorism. Pakistan is being threatened by the TTP, while Afghanistan is being threatened by ISKP. Kabul and Islamabad would do well to set aside their differences to work together on combating terrorism, their common enemy.
• Pakistan and the U.S. were important partners in counterterrorism efforts in Afghanistan. Though the U.S. has withdrawn from Afghanistan, it is recommended that it consider ways to continue working with Pakistan to fight terrorism and support stability in the region.
Journal Article
The Pashtun Question
Author argues that the failure of Pakistan and Afghanistan to absorb Pashtuns into their sate structures and societies has been a critical failure of nation- and state-building.
eBook
The defiant border : the Afghan-Pakistan borderlands in the era of decolonization, 1936-65
\"The Defiant Border explores why the Afghan-Pakistan borderlands have remained largely independent of state controls from the colonial period into the twenty-first century. This book looks at local Pashtun tribes' modes for evading first British colonial, then Pakistani, governance; the ongoing border dispute between Pakistan and Afghanistan; and continuing interest in the region from Indian, US, British, and Soviet actors. It reveals active attempts first by British, then by Pakistani, agents to integrate the tribal region, ranging from development initiatives to violent suppression. The Defiant Border also considers the area's influence on relations between Pakistan, Afghanistan, and India, as well as its role in the United States' increasingly global Cold War policies. Ultimately, the book considers how a region so peripheral to major centers of power has had such an impact on political choices throughout the eras of empire, decolonization, and superpower competition, up to the so-called 'War on Terror.' One of the only historical studies of Pakistan's Pashtun tribal area (post-1947), which complements existing anthropological literature on the region and histories of the colonial era to provide readers with a fuller understanding of the region. Integrates histories of South Asia, decolonization, and the global Cold War, which provides readers with a holistic view of the region by recognizing the interconnections between international diplomacy, regional developments, subaltern movements, and colonial legacies. Considers the impact of non-state actors--Pashtun tribes--on South Asian state-building, which complements work done on state-building in India, extends understanding of the impact of peripheral areas on state power and practice, and expands understanding of the history of Pakistan\"--From publisher's website.
Book
Under the drones : modern lives in the Afghanistan-Pakistan borderlands
Western media coverage of Afghanistan and Pakistan paints a simplistic picture of ageless barbarity, terrorist safe havens, and peoples in need of either punishment or salvation. Under the Drones looks beyond this limiting view to investigate real people on the ground, and analyze the political, social, and economic forces that shape their lives.
eBook
Pak/Afghan Relations Deteriorate
Nur Mohammad Taraki issues accusations of Pakistani assistance to Afghan rebels and indicates solidarity with the peoples of Pashtunistan ; Afghanistan-Pakistan relations deteriorate after alleged violations of Airspace and Border incidents along the Afghanistan-Pakistan Border
Government Document
Pak Reactions to Afghan Constitution and Daoud Election
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto congratulates Mohammad Daud upon his election as Afghanistan. President and the ratification of the Afghanistan. Constitution of 1977 and notes that shared adherence to Islam should lead to close Afghanistan-Pakistan relations
Government Document