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"African American political activists -- History -- 20th century"
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To turn the whole world over : black women and internationalism
\"To Turn the Whole World Over: Black Women's Internationalism in Historical Perspective represents the first scholarly attempt to assemble the most recent works on black women's internationalism during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It highlights the range and complexity of black women's global engagements and centers their experiences as key historical actors in shaping internationalist movements and discourses from the 1870s to the 1970s. By analyzing the gendered contours of black internationalism, this collection of essays engages these two key questions: (a) how was black women's engagement in internationalism similar to and/or different from their male counterparts? (b) To what extent did black women merge internationalism with issues of women's rights and/or feminist concerns? Furthermore, the anthology calls for a re-conceptualization of black internationalism by asking how black women's lives and experiences alter the ways narratives of the global black freedom struggle are articulated. This anthology, then, does more than expand the paucity of scholarship on black women and internationalism. It is both an assessment of the field as well as an attempt to expand the contours of black internationalism theoretically, spatially, and temporally\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Cinema Civil Rights
From Al Jolson in blackface to Song of the South, there is a long history of racism in Hollywood film. Yet as early as the 1930s, movie studios carefully vetted their releases, removing racially offensive language like the \"N-word.\" This censorship did not stem from purely humanitarian concerns, but rather from worries about boycotts from civil rights groups and loss of revenue from African American filmgoers.
Cinema Civil Rightspresents the untold history of how Black audiences, activists, and lobbyists influenced the representation of race in Hollywood in the decades before the 1960s civil rights era. Employing a nuanced analysis of power, Ellen C. Scott reveals how these representations were shaped by a complex set of negotiations between various individuals and organizations. Rather than simply recounting the perspective of film studios, she calls our attention to a variety of other influential institutions, from protest groups to state censorship boards.
Scott demonstrates not only how civil rights debates helped shaped the movies, but also how the movies themselves provided a vital public forum for addressing taboo subjects like interracial sexuality, segregation, and lynching. Emotionally gripping, theoretically sophisticated, and meticulously researched,Cinema Civil Rightspresents us with an in-depth look at the film industry's role in both articulating and censoring the national conversation on race.
eBook
Set the world on fire : black nationalist women and the global struggle for freedom
\"[This book] examine[s] how black nationalist women engaged in national and global politics from the early twentieth century to the 1960's\"--Amazon.com
Book
Want to Start a Revolution?
The story of the black freedom struggle in America has been overwhelmingly male-centric, starring leaders like Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, and Huey Newton. With few exceptions, black women have been perceived as supporting actresses; as behind-the-scenes or peripheral activists, or rank and file party members. But what about Vicki Garvin, a Brooklyn-born activist who became a leader of the National Negro Labor Council and guide to Malcolm X on his travels through Africa? What about Shirley Chisholm, the first black Congresswoman?From Rosa Parks and Esther Cooper Jackson, to Shirley Graham DuBois and Assata Shakur, a host of women demonstrated a lifelong commitment to radical change, embracing multiple roles to sustain the movement, founding numerous groups and mentoring younger activists. Helping to create the groundwork and continuity for the movement by operating as local organizers, international mobilizers, and charismatic leaders, the stories of the women profiled in Want to Start a Revolution? help shatter the pervasive and imbalanced image of women on the sidelines of the black freedom struggle.Contributors: Margo Natalie Crawford, Prudence Cumberbatch, Johanna Fernandez, Diane C. Fujino, Dayo F. Gore, Joshua Guild, Gerald Horne, Ericka Huggins, Angela D. LeBlanc-Ernest, Joy James, Erik McDuffie, Premilla Nadasen, Sherie M. Randolph, James Smethurst, Margaret Stevens, and Jeanne Theoharis.
eBook
Soul power : culture, radicalism, and the making of a U.S. Third World left
Soul Power is a cultural history of those whom Cynthia A. Young calls \"U.S. Third World Leftists,\" activists of color who appropriated theories and strategies from Third World anticolonial struggles in their fight for social and economic justice in the United States during the \"long 1960s.\" Nearly thirty countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America declared formal independence in the 1960s alone. Arguing that the significance of this wave of decolonization to U.S. activists has been vastly underestimated, Young describes how literature, films, ideologies, and political movements that originated in the Third World were absorbed by U.S. activists of color. She shows how these transnational influences were then used to forge alliances, create new vocabularies and aesthetic forms, and describe race, class, and gender oppression in the United States in compelling terms.
Young analyzes a range of U.S. figures and organizations, examining how each deployed Third World discourse toward various cultural and political ends. She considers a trip that LeRoi Jones, Harold Cruse, and Robert F. Williams made to Cuba in 1960; traces key intellectual influences on Angela Y. Davis's writing; and reveals the early history of the hospital workers' 1199 union as a model of U.S. Third World activism. She investigates Newsreel, a late 1960s activist documentary film movement, and its successor, Third World Newsreel, which produced a seminal 1972 film on the Attica prison rebellion. She also considers the L.A. Rebellion, a group of African and African American artists who made films about conditions in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles. By demonstrating the breadth, vitality, and legacy of the work of U.S. Third World Leftists, Soul Power firmly establishes their crucial place in the history of twentieth-century American struggles for social change.
eBook
Love for liberation : African independence, Black Power, and a diaspora underground
\"During the height of the Cold War, passionate idealists across the U.S. and Africa came together to fight for Black self-determination and the antiracist remaking of society. Beginning with the 1957 Ghanaian independence celebration, the optimism and challenges of African independence leaders were publicized to African Americans through community-based newspapers and Historically Black Colleges and Universities. Inspired by African independence--and frustrated with the slow pace of civil rights reforms in the U.S.--a new generation of Black Power activists embarked on nonviolent direct action campaigns and built alternative institutions designed as spaces of freedom from racial subjugation. Featuring interviews with activists, extensive archival research, and media analysis, Robin Hayes reveals how Black Power and African independence activists created a diaspora underground, characterized by collaboration and reciprocal empowerment. Together, they redefined racial discrimination as an international human rights issue requiring education, sustained collective action, and global solidarity--laying the groundwork for future transnational racial justice movements, such as Black Lives Matter\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
The Price of the Ticket
The historical significance of Barack Obama's triumph in the presidential election of 2008 scarcely requires comment. Yet it contains an irony: he won a victory as an African American only by denying that he should discuss issues that target the concerns of African Americans. Obama's very success, states this book, exacted a heavy cost on black politics. This book puts Obama's career in the context of decades of black activism, showing how his election undermined the very movement that made it possible. The path to his presidency began just before passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act, when black leaders began to discuss strategies to make the most of their new access to the ballot. Some argued that black voters should organize into a cohesive, independent bloc to promote both targeted and universal polices; others urged a more race-neutral approach, working together with other racial minorities as well as like-minded whites. Obama made a point of distancing himself from older race-conscious black leaders, such as Jesse Jackson—and leaders of the Congressional Black Caucus—even though, as the book shows, he owes much to Jackson's earlier campaigns for the White House. The social problems targeted by an earlier generation of black politicians—racial disparities in income and education, stratospheric incarceration and unemployment rates—all persist, yet Obama's election, ironically, marginalized those issues, keeping them off the political agenda. Meanwhile, the civil rights movement's militancy to attack the vestiges of racial inequality is fading.
eBook
Race women internationalists : activist-intellectuals and global freedom struggles
\"Race Women Internationalists explores how a group of Caribbean and African American women in the early and mid-twentieth century traveled the world to fight colonialism, fascism, sexism, and racism. Based on newspaper articles, speeches, and creative fiction and adopting a comparative perspective, the book brings together the entangled lives of three notable but overlooked women: American Eslanda Robeson, Martinican Paulette Nardal, and Jamaican Una Marson. It explores how, between the 1920s and the 1960s, the trio participated in global freedom struggles by traveling; building networks in feminist, student, black-led, anticolonial, and antifascist organizations; and forging alliances with key leaders. This made them race women internationalists--figures who engaged with a variety of interconnected internationalisms to challenge various forms of inequality facing people of African descent across the diaspora and the continent\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Private Politics and Public Voices
This political history of middle-class African American women during
World War I focuses on their patriotic activity and social work. Nearly 200,000
African American men joined the Allied forces in France. At home, black clubwomen
raised more than $125 million in wartime donations and assembled comfort
kits for black soldiers, with chocolate, cigarettes, socks, a bible, and
writing materials. Given the hostile racial climate of the day, why did black women
make considerable financial contributions to the American and Allied war effort?
Brown argues that black women approached the war from the nexus of the private
sphere of home and family and the public sphere of community and labor activism.
Their activism supported their communities and was fueled by a personal attachment
to black soldiers and black families. Private Politics and Public Voices follows
their lives after the war, when they carried their debates about race relations into
public political activism.
eBook