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The sonication method was used to prepare a new set of CuO and CuO/Ag nanocomposites. The particle size was estimated using XRD and HR-TEM while the morphology of the nanoparticles was investigated with SEM. The average particle sizes of CuO and Ag falls in the 29.32–35.80 nm and 35.13–45.95 nm ranges, respectively. XRD declared that CuO has the space groups C 1 c 1 (9) and C 1 2/c 1 (15), while silver has space group F m -3 m (225). XPS analysis indicated the presence of Ag as Ag 0 and Cu as Cu 2+ . Nano-oxide and nanocomposites were used to synthesis CuO and CuO/Ag doped lithium–zinc borosilicate glass. Physical parameters of the glass samples were calculated including density, V m , V o , V m B , OPD, d B - B , n b , and N, R p , and R i depending on Ag and CuO mole fractions. The physical properties of glass indicated an increase in density and an initial expansion in glass structural network with the addition of silver metal due to its larger size followed by a compression as its molar ratio increase due to its higher C no . XRD measurements were reported for the glass samples doped with nanoparticles, proving the amorphous phase. ESR measurements were determined for all glass samples to detect the nature of the doped nanoparticles when incorporated inside a glassy matrix where CuO was found as tetragonal in octahedral sites and silver can be transformed after melting inside the glass matrix into Ag + to form more stable Ag y x + clusters.The fabricated sample of CuAgB-4 with significant nano silver doping (7.32% mol) has the maximum LAc and effective atomic number. Nano silver content increases the γ -RdSg in the lithium–zinc borosilicate glasses.

Herein we summarize the production of silver/copper oxide nanocomposites (Ag/CuO NCs) by a facile solution combustion method with the aid of abio-fuel as reductant. Powder XRD results revealed the formation of Ag/CuO NCs with average crystallite size ranging from 20 to 25 nm. These NCs were tested for their antimycobacterial activity against four mycobacterium species namely Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294, Mycobacterium abscessus ATCC 19977, Mycobacterium fortuitum ATCC 6841, Mycobacterium chelonae ATCC and anticarcinogenic activity on breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Scavenging activity was evaluated by the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) method. Results indicated that the Ag/CuO NCs had higher anticancer and slightly better scavenging activities than the undoped CuO nanoparticles.

Introduction Uric acid is an important biomarker for the diagnosis of different diseases. Its detection through various methods has been reported, but these methods show serious shortcomings. Objectives The present work reports on an environmentally friendly, easy-to-use, and visible to the naked colorimetric approach for the detection of uric acid. Methods For this purpose, Cedrus deodara sawdust-deposited silver and copper nanoparticles were prepared by a hydrothermal process using Punica granatum leaf extract. The synthesis of the silver-copper oxide-deposited sawdust (Ag@CuO/SD) nanocomposite was confirmed through FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, etc. Results The synthesized mimic enzyme was used successfully to convert tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to its oxidized blue-green color in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and PBS buffer. The addition of uric acid to the reaction mixture resulted in a color change of the oxidized TMB to TMBred, accompanied by a color change to transparent. Subsequently, various reaction parameters were optimized, and the optimal conditions were found to be 4 mg of the mimic enzyme, PBS pH 6 (400 μL), TMB 18 mM (100 μL), time 5 minutes, and uric acid 150 μL (120 μM). Under optimized experimental conditions, the sensor showed a wide linear range of 1-120 μM, and the limits of quantification and detection were calculated to be 0.99 μM and 0.29 uM with a regression coefficient of 0.997. Conclusion In comparison to other interfering substances, the sensor showed excellent selectivity for uric acid. Finally, the fabricated sensor was successfully used for sensing uric acid in real samples with excellent accuracy. Graphical Abstract

Cancer and microbial infections place a significant burden on the world’s health systems and can increase the rate of disease and mortality. In the current study, a novel nanocomposite based on Gum Arabic, silver and copper oxide nanoparticles (GA@Ag-CuO nanocomposite) was synthesized to overcome the problem of microbial infection and in cancer treatment. Characterization using UV-Vis. spectrophotometer reveals that, the observed peak in the spectrum was formed by the observed O.D. at 0.755, and confirmed that the produced GA@Ag-CuO nanocomposite was small and discernible at 360 nm. The particles’ diameters varied from 9.5 nm to 49.5 nm, with a mean diameter of 25.53 ± 1.4 nm. The created Gum Arabic filtrate was rich in active functional groups, and the provided polydisperse NPs were intended to reduce, stabilize, and the produced filtrate act as capping agents. Based on the XRD data, the synthesized GA@Ag-CuO nanocomposite was crystallized and had a face-centered (fcc) crystal structure. Biosafety of GA@Ag-CuO nanocomposite was assessed toward Wi 38 normal cell line, where it showed safety toward the tested cell line where IC50 was 154.2 µg/mL. Antimicrobial results confirmed that, GA@Ag-CuO nanocomposite has antibacterial activity with MICs 15.6, 125, 31.25 and 125 µg/mL against S. epidermis , S. aureus , L. plantrum , and S. typhimurium, respectively. Likewise, it showed antifungal activity toward C. albicans and C. neoformans with MICs 62.5 and 15.62 µg/ml, respectively. Moreover, GA@Ag-CuO nanocomposite displayed promising anticancer activity with IC 50 26.11 and 59.5 µg/ml toward MCF-7 and Hep-G2, respectively. In conclusion, the novel GA@Ag-CuO nanocomposite demonstrated promising antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities.

The use of metal oxide nanomaterials as photocatalysts for wastewater treatment has received significant attention in recent years due to their unique physicochemical properties. In this study, we use a polyol-mediated refluxing method to synthesize silver-incorporated copper oxide nanomaterials (Ag@CuO NMs). The use of tetra butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) as a capping agent and ethylene glycol as a reducing agent for Ag+ to Ag is elaborated upon. The prepared Ag@CuO NMs were tested for their ability to degrade water pollutants, specifically methylene blue (MB) dye. Two different Ag contents, weights of 3% and 5%, were used to produce modified CuO-based nanomaterials. The crystalline structures of the NMs were characterized via XRD diffraction, and the morphology of the materials was investigated using FE-SEM. The optical properties were studied using UV-vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the Ag@CuO NMs was evaluated by analyzing the degradation of MB dye when exposed to UV-visible light. Our results showed that the 5% weight Ag@CuO NM sample exhibited the most efficient degradation activity against MB dye. Therefore, these nanomaterials hold potential for photocatalytic applications, particularly for wastewater purification.

In this study, we loaded Ag with CuO NPs that had previously been synthesized using the chemical reduction technique to develop antimicrobial performance for Ag-CuO nanocomposite materials. The structure analysis, morphology, and chemical properties of Ag, CuO and Ag-CuO NPs were analyzed via Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). XRD patterns proved cubic and monoclinic phases for Ag and CuO, respectively. antibacterial activity of CuO, Ag and Ag/CuO was investigated by agar diffusion method on clinically isolated bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli, the results indicated antibacterial effect of Ag/CuO followed by Ag then by CuO, moreover, effect of these chemicals on Gram negative bacteria (E.coli) was larger than on Gram positive bacteria (S. aureus).

Cr (VI) is a highly toxic metal ion and is considered as a carcinogen, teratogen, and mutagen. To address its sensing in water samples, Ag-Ca@CuO nanocomposites are synthesised using a simple, less expensive, effective method and are used for determining Cr (VI) by colorimetric approach. The nanocomposites have been characterized through several methods. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of rice grain-shaped CuO nanoparticles. Upon incorporation of Ca and Ag, a change in the morphology was noticed. The oxidase-like activity is shown by Ag-Ca@CuO nanocomposites in the presence of chromium (VI) and a chromogenic substrate i.e., 3, 3′, 5, 5′- tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Our established method showed superior sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.033 µM, a linear range of 10–600 µM and recoveries ranged from 100.16% to 110.32%. Reactive oxygen species include superoxide anion (O 2 * −), hydroxyl radicals (OH*), singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), etc. Superoxide radicals (O 2 •− ) are generated from the prepared nanocomposites and these radicals in the presence of chromium (VI) caused oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), and are recovered as oxTMB in blue colour. The role of O 2 •− in the oxidation of TMB was confirmed from the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging studies using ascorbic acid as an O 2 •− scavenger. In addition, singlet oxygen also caused oxidation of TMB and is confirmed from diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) assay. Selective detection of Cr (VI) in the Yamuna River water sample, by the obtained nanocomposites is confirmed from the interference studies carried out in the existence of several metal ions.

The present investigation deals with the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/copper oxide (CuO)/silver (Ag) ternary nanocomposites (NCs) by hydrothermal method to improve the electrical behavior. In typical synthesis, ammonia was used as a reducing agent at room temperature. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern revealed the existence of single-phase monoclinic structure and face-centered cubic (FCC) phase of CuO and Ag. Other phase impurities were also observed from the prepared rGO/CuO/Ag NCs. The surface morphology of rGO/CuO/Ag NCs was investigated by SEM and TEM analysis. The surface elemental composition of the prepared material was investigated by the EDAX analysis. The dielectric response of the materials was studied by dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and AC conductivity studies. The lesser amount of activation energy was attained from the synthesized rGO/CuO/Ag NCs, and it was proved that this type of material is the most emerging candidate for various opto-electronics application. The electrochemical behavior was studied by the cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. From this study, ideal capacitance behavior with high capacitance of about 575 F/g was achieved respectively for rGO/CuO/Ag NCs at the current density of 1 Ag −1 in 0.5 M K 2 SO 4 electrolyte solution. These superior electrochemical features demonstrated that the prepared rGO/CuO/Ag NCs are a potential candidate for next-generation supercapacitor systems.

The environmentally friendly procedure was developed for the fabrication of Ag and Se dual-doped ZnO-CaO-CuO nanocomposite (Ag and Se dual-doped ZnO-CaO-CuO-NCP) using Nymphaea alba L. leaves extract as a reducing and stabilizer agent. Different techniques have been used to characterize the physicochemical properties of the nanocomposite, including FTIR, XRD, FESEM, EDX, PSA, and UV-vis. According to FTIR spectra, functional groups or phytochemicals were seen in the structure of the synthesized nanocomposite. The crystalline nature of the nanocomposite was approved by the XRD pattern. FESEM/PSA images of nanocomposite confirmed the spherical morphology and the average size of 20–35 nm. A green manner was used for the synthesis of Ag and Se dual-doped ZnO-CaO-CuO-NCP to make an efficient photocatalyst for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. As shown by the photodegradation experiments, 95% of the MB dye was degraded after 120 min at a constant rate of 0.0154 min −1 . In addition, the ability of the nanocomposite was studied to investigate their cytotoxicity effects for the killing of cancer Huh-7 and normal L929 cells with the MTT assay. The IC 50 amounts for cancer Huh-7 cells at times 24, 48, and 72 h were determined as 500, 241.5, and 102.8 μg/mL, respectively, and normal L929 cells have no significant cytotoxicity. As a result of our investigations, the prepared nanocomposite will likely be effective in treating organic pollutants and biomedical wastes generated by industrial processes. Graphical abstract