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Family caregiving in aging populations
The aging of the US population will have major impacts on family life in the twenty-first century. Over three-quarters of all caregiving help to the elderly is given by family and friends. This book brings together research from gerontology, social work, and sociology to summarize what is known about family caregiving in our aging population, exploring the implications for public policy, families, and individual lives.
Book
Palbociclib in Hormone-Receptor–Positive Advanced Breast Cancer
In women with hormone-receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer that had progressed after endocrine therapy, palbociclib plus fulvestrant was associated with progression-free survival of more than 9 months, as compared with less than 4 months with fulvestrant alone.
Approximately 80% of breast cancers express estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, or both. Endocrine therapies are the mainstay of treatment for these hormone-receptor–positive cancers, substantially reducing the relapse rate after presentation with early-stage cancer.
1
Despite advances in endocrine therapy, many women have a relapse during or after completing adjuvant therapy. The care of these women remains a considerable clinical challenge. Single-agent treatment with an aromatase inhibitor or tamoxifen has shown limited clinical benefit.
2
,
3
The selective estrogen-receptor degrader fulvestrant has modest activity in this population of patients,
4
,
5
and the development of effective therapies that can reverse resistance to endocrine therapy . . .
Journal Article
Randomized Trial of TAS-102 for Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
TAS-102, a combination of trifluridine and tipiracil in which tipiracil interferes with the deactivation of trifluridine, improved overall and progression-free survival in patients whose disease had progressed after treatment with fluorouracil-containing drug combinations.
Fluoropyrimidines have long represented the cornerstone of treatment for colorectal cancer.
1
Such compounds act primarily as inhibitors of thymidylate synthase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides.
2
Fluorouracil has been combined with folinic acid (also known as leucovorin) to enhance the capacity of fluorouracil to bind to thymidylate synthase.
2
The addition of irinotecan (FOLFIRI) or oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) to fluorouracil and folinic acid, in combination with either a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor (bevacizumab) or an epidermal growth factor inhibitor (e.g., cetuximab or panitumumab) if the tumor contains a wild-type
RAS
gene, represents contemporary standard therapy and has extended . . .
Journal Article
Global, Regional, and Country-Specific Lifetime Risks of Stroke, 1990 and 2016
In 2016, the estimated lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward (as calculated from the results of the GBD Study) was 24.9%. This estimate varies according to country, region, and national level of social development. The risk increased by 8.9% from 1990 to 2016.
Journal Article