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Wing dimorphism is a distinguishing characteristic of brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) populations, wherein adults exhibit 2 distinct morphs: long-winged and short-winged. The presence of long-winged individuals often heralds the onset of migration, while short-winged morphs signify high reproduction and can be associated with population outbreaks. This phenomenon underscores the adaptability of these insects in response to environmental cues and their impact on agricultural ecosystems. Wing morphs of N. lugens are controlled by genetical and environmental factors. Mate choice between long and short-winged adults affects wing morphs of offspring. In this study, we found that the wild population had no persistent preference for choosing long-winged or short-winged adults to mate. But in 2 multigenerational selected lineages for long and short-winged morphs, the short-winged males preferred to short-winged females to mate and the long-winged males had no preference. In the nearly pure-bred lineages of long-winged and short-winged morphs, both wing morphs of females preferred for short-winged males. Purification of wing morph lineages enhanced mating preference for short-winged partners. When the wing developmental gene InR1 or InR2 was interfered by RNAi, the pure-bred lineage of long-winged morph mainly produced short-winged adults and the short-winged morphs produced long-winged adults, and these adults exhibited preference to mate with shortwinged partners. The tendency to mate with short-winged morphs leads to more short-winged offspring which easily causes the rapid growth of populations. Key words: assortative mating, mate choice, Nilaparvata lugens, pure-bred lineage, wing morph

Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change is a fundamental resource for primary industry professionals, land managers, policy makers, researchers and students involved in preparing Australia's primary industries for the challenges and opportunities of climate change. More than 30 authors have contributed to this book, which moves beyond describing the causes and consequences of climate change to providing options for people to work towards adaptation action. Climate change implications and adaptation options are given for the key Australian primary industries of horticulture, forestry, grains, rice, sugarcane, cotton, viticulture, broadacre grazing, intensive livestock industries, marine fisheries, and aquaculture and water resources. Case studies demonstrate the options for each industry. Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change summarises updated climate change scenarios for Australia with the latest climate science. It includes chapters on socio-economic and institutional considerations for adapting to climate change, greenhouse gas emissions sources and sinks, as well as risks and priorities for the future.

Political Agroecology is the first book to offer a systematic and articulated reflection on Political Agroecology from the Agroecological perspective. It defines the disciplinary field responsible for designing and producing actions, institutions and regulations aimed at achieving agrarian sustainability. In short, it aims to build a political theory that makes the scaling-up of agroecological experiences possible, turning them into the foundation of a new and alternative food regime. The book proposes theoretical, practical and epistemological foundations of a new theoretical and practical field of work for agroecologists: Political Agroecology . It establishes a framework for a common agroecological strategy, covering the different levels of collective action and the different instruments with which it can be developed. This will be essential reading for agroecologists, environmentalists, farming and food communities, and an ideal textbook for advanced agroecology courses in universities. Key features: Offers a unique state of the art on this fundamental new topic: Political Agroecology Presents a complete introduction to the political and institutional aspects of Agroecology, covering the whole food system Offers an important tool for searching agrarian sustainability Provides a broad epistemological, theoretical and methodological focus, exploring the connection between the different levels and scales involved in agroecological theory and practice 　 Manuel González de Molina Full Professor of Modern History. Coordinator of the Agro-Ecosystems History Laboratory (Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain). Co-director of Master Degree Program on Agro-ecology at International University of Andalusia from 1996 to now. Paulo Federico Petersen Doctorate in Environmental Studies from Pablo de Olavide University (Spain), Master in Agroecology and Rural Development from the Universidad Internacional de Andalucía (Spain), Graduated in Agronomy from the Federal University of Viçosa (Brazil). Executive coordinator of the NGO AS-PTA - Family Agriculture and Agroecology, vice-president of ABA-Agroecology (Brazilian Association of Agroecology) and editor-in-chief of \"Agriculturas: experiencias em agroecologia\" magazine. Francisco Garrido Peña PhD in Philosophy of Law (Universidad de Granada) and full professor on Politics and Law at Universidad de Jaén (Spain). His research activity is focused on Political Ecology, Ethics and Institutional Design. Francisco Roberto Caporal: PhD in Agroecology, Peasantry and History, from the Institute of Sociology and Peasant Studies (Córdoba University, Spain). Master in Rural Extension by Federal University of Santa Maria (1991) and graduate in Agronomy, Federal University of Santa Maria (1975). Currently, he works as Associate Professor of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, in the Department of Education, teaching in Rural Extension. Introduction. 1.Theoretical foundations of Political Agroecology 2.The industrialization of agriculture and the enlargement of the food chain 3. A regime on the road to collapse 4. Cognitive frameworks and institutional design for an agroecological transition 5.Scaling Agroecology 6. The agents of the agroecological transition 7. The role of the State and public policies 8.References

Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. (Fabaceae) is used in Cuba in soils dedicated to coffee cultivation, contributing to soil nutrition and crop productivity. However, no rhizobial isolates are currently available for inoculating this legume in Chromic Eutric Cambisol soils. The aim of this study was to select rhizobial strains that promote the growth of C. ensiformis in Chromic Eutric Cambisol soils. Nodules were collected from C. ensiformis plants, surface-sterilized, and macerated to isolate potential rhizobia. The isolates were characterized based on cultural, morphological, and biochemical traits, and their symbiotic effectiveness was evaluated through in vitro inoculation assays in Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro) plants. Inoculation trials were conducted under semi-controlled conditions and in the field between coffee rows. The number and dry weight of effective nodules, number of trifoliate leaves, and shoot dry biomass were measured. Nine bacterial isolates were obtained, grouped into four morphotypes, and assigned as possible members of the families Phyllobacteriaceae, Methylobacteriaceae, or Nitrobacteraceae. Under semi-controlled conditions, inoculation with three isolates increased the number of nodules (by 56–80%), the number of trifoliate leaves (by 20–45%), and shoot biomass (by 10–40%) compared to the non-inoculated treatment. Additionally, one of the isolates increased nodule dry weight by 27%. In the field between coffee row, increases were also observed in the number of trifoliate leaves (by 18–26%) and shoot biomass (by 15–24%). This study supports the selection of efficient rhizobia adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of Cuban coffee agroecosystems.

An increasing number of Australians want to be assured that the food and fibre being produced on this continent have been grown and harvested in an ecologically sustainable way. Ecologically sustainable farming conserves the array of species that are integral to key ecological processes such as pollination, seed dispersal, natural pest control and the decomposition of waste.Wildlife Conservation in Farm Landscapes communicates new scientific information about best practice ways to integrate conservation and agriculture in the temperate eucalypt woodland belt of eastern Australia. It is based on the large body of scientific literature in this field, as well as long-term studies at 790 permanent sites on over 290 farms extending throughout Victoria, New South Wales and south-east Queensland. Richly illustrated, with chapters on birds, mammals, reptiles, invertebrates and plants, this book illustrates how management interventions can promote nature conservation and what practices have the greatest benefit for biodiversity. Together the new insights in this book inform whole-of-farm planning.