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"Alienation"
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UM OLHAR CRÍTICO SOBRE A TEMÁTICA DA ALIENAÇÃO PARENTAL: RELAÇÕES FAMILIARES, GÊNERO E PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL
Este artigo tece problematizações em torno do debate da alienação parental, trazendo reflexões dos Conselhos Federais de Serviço Social e de Psicologia acerca do tema, além de apontamos de autores contrários e favoráveis à lei de Alienação Parental no Brasil. Trata-se de um assunto complexo que exige ser revisitado, posto que, em nome da prote- ção de crianças e adolescentes essa lei pode ser utilizada para interromper investigações sobre violências reais envolvendo filhos de pais separados, sob o pretexto da ocorrência do fenômeno, além de ser utilizada com enfoque machista quando atravessada por repercussões de gênero. Nesse contexto há que se considerar que as relações familiares não podem ser patologizadas e nem dissociadas na dinâmica social mais ampla em que se inserem. Para a construção desse artigo debruçamo-nos sobre estudos bibliográficos e documentais que versam sobre o tema com abordagem qualitativa.
Journal Article
Suicidal risk among Chinese parents of autistic children and its association with perceived discrimination, affiliate stigma and social alienation
Background
Caring for autistic children becomes challenging and may lead to negative psychological outcomes, even increasing the suicide risk (SR). Researchers have studied the SR among parents of autistic children in Western nations, but little is known about it in China and how it relates to perceived discrimination (PD), affiliate stigma (AS), and social alienation (SA). The current study aimed to reveal the SR prevalence rate among Chinese parents of autistic children, and clarify whether AS and SA may play mediating roles in the association between SR and PD.
Methods
A total of 645 Chinese parents of autistic children were recruited to complete a series of scales to evaluate SR, SA, AS, and PD using the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Perceived Discrimination Scale for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (PDS-FP), Affiliate Stigma Scale (ASS), and General Social Alienation Scale (GSAS), respectively. Then, the SR prevalence rate among Chinese parents of autistic children was evaluated; and the multiple mediation analysis and structural equation modeling with the bootstrap method were conducted to test the mediating effects of AS and SA in the association between SR and PD.
Results
34.6% Chinese parents of autistic children had high SR. In particular, the incidence rate of suicide ideation, suicide plans, suicide attempts, and suicide likelihood during the previous year were 49.8%, 11.9%, 2.5%, and 13.8%, respectively. Additionally, PD was positively associated with SR (
r
= .40,
p
< .01); and AS and SA showed significant mediating effects on the association between PD and SR (
p
< .01).
Conclusions
The current study evaluated the SR prevalence rate among Chinese parents of autistic children, and clarified the mediating effects of AS and SA in the association between SR and PD. Findings might bring new insights and guidance for intervention of suicidality among Chinese parents of autistic children.
Journal Article
Owls do cry
First published in New Zealand in 1957, Owls Do Cry , was Janet Frame's second book and the first of her thirteen novels. Now approaching its 60th anniversary, it is securely a landmark in Frame's catalog and indeed a landmark of modernist literature. The novel spans twenty years in the Withers family, tracing Daphne's coming of age into a post-war New Zealand too narrow to know what to make of her. She is deemed mad, institutionalized, and made to undergo a risky lobotomy. Margaret Drabble calls Owls Do Cry \"a song ofsurvival\"--it is Daphne's song of survival but also the author's: Frame was herself misdiagnosed with schizophrenia and scheduled for brain surgery. She was famously saved only when she won New Zealand's premier fiction prize. Frame was among the first major writers of the twentieth century to confront life in mental institutions and Owls Do Cry is important for this perspective. But it is equally valuable for its poetry, its incisive satire, and its acute social observations. A sensitively rendered portrait of childhood and adolescence and a testament to the power of imagination, this early novel is a first-rate example of Frame's powerful, lyric, and original prose.
Book
The effect of social alienation on stigma among stroke inpatients in China: a cross-sectional study
Background
Stigma adversely affects the rehabilitation among stroke inpatients, which decreases the motivation and functional improvement. According to prior studies, there was a correlation between social alienation and stigma. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing stigma among stroke inpatients, providing evidence for future targeted stigma interventions.
Methods
The study was a cross-sectional survey conducted in China from July to November 2023 using a convenience sampling method. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee. A total of 220 stroke inpatients completed a demographic questionnaire, the generalized social alienation scale, and the stroke stigma scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of the diverse factors on stigma.
Results
The results showed that the score of stigma among stroke inpatients was 47.36 ± 4.28, indicating a moderate level of stigma. Social alienation was positively correlated with stigma(
r
= 0.366,
P
< 0.001), indicating stigma increased with the increase of social alienation. Age(
B
=-2.105,
P
< 0.001), level of education[Junior high school(
B
= 1.545,
P
= 0.040), senior high school or technical secondary school(
B
= 3.480,
P
< 0.001), undergraduate or junior college(
B
= 3.716,
P
< 0.001), and graduate(
B
= 5.483,
P
< 0.001)], and social alienation(
B
= 0.158,
P
< 0.001) were all significantly associated with stigma in stroke inpatients. Among all educational levels, graduate(
B
= 5.483,
P
< 0.001) showed the most robust correlation with stigma. The results indicated that stroke inpatients who were younger and had higher levels of education had higher levels of stigma.
Conclusions
Findings suggest that social alienation is a significant contributor to perceived stigma among stroke inpatients, particularly among younger and more educated individuals. Tailored psychosocial interventions that address feelings of social alienation may help reduce stigma in these groups.
Journal Article
How to beat social alienation
Describes the effects of bullying, not only to the victim but also to the bully. Readers will also explore topics such as how bullies choose targets, how people who are socially isolated can develop a plan of defense, how to combat social alienation, what laws have been enacted to protect individuals from harassment, and which anti-bullying programs have led to success.
Book
How perceived overqualification relates to work alienation and emotional exhaustion: The moderating role of LMX
The current study investigated the interaction effect of perceived overqualification and LMX on employee emotional exhaustion, and examined the mediating role of work alienation from the perspective of relative deprivation theory. Using a sample of 297 employees in 12 companies collected in China, we found that perceived overqualification was more positively related to work alienation and emotional exhaustion when LMX was high than when LMX was low. The results of the mediated moderation analysis revealed that work alienation mediated the interaction of perceived overqualification and LMX on emotional exhaustion.
Journal Article
What contributes to alienation towards parents in left-behind children: development of alienation ecological system theoretical framework
Background
Left-behind children (LBC), defined as those with at least one parent absent from home for over six months, experience greater alienation towards their parents than non-LBC. However, what contributes to their alienation towards parents remains unrevealed. Attachment theory mainly discusses the antecedents of parent–child attachment from parenting behavior. Alienation develops much later during children’s growth than attachment, which may generate gradually from parenting behavior and environment. Combined with ecological system theory, this study aims to develop an alienation ecological system theoretical framework by evaluating the antecedents of alienation towards parents from family and child perspectives within Chinese LBC.
Methods
Between September and October 2022, 23 LBC and 42 parents participated in interviews, following a survey with the inventory of alienation toward parents.
Results
LBC with younger siblings, divorced parents, and mothers with lower educational level reported higher alienation. The interview obtained 3 categories (parental, interpersonal, and personal factors), 8 clusters, and 20 codes. In the alienation theoretical framework, inharmonic parents’ relationship interacted with inadequate parental rearing styles. The two folds of parental factors might contribute to personal factors (lower emotional stability, unique behavioral characteristics, and lower self-esteem). Parental and personal factors interacted with interpersonal factors (lower willingness, less frequency, superficial communication, poor communication results with parents, lower perceived closeness, and less interpersonal interaction), collectively contributed to alienation towards parents.
Conclusion
These findings are among the first to elucidate how parental, interpersonal, and personal factors affect children’s alienation towards parents. The newly developed alienation ecological system theoretical framework tries to understand the development of alienation. These results offer valuable suggestions for future family and school interventions, i.e., to prevent high alienation towards parents in LBC, more attention should be paid on parental, interpersonal, and personal factors.
Journal Article