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"Altruism."
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The LYinlying tendency scale: capturing individual differences in selfish, altruistic, andsocial-acceptance lying tendencies
Heterogeneity in lying behaviors is well documented in previous studies. However, previous assessment tools mainly lack consideration of various types of lies that would substantially change the nature of lies. The study developed the LYin Lying Tendency Scale (LTS) to assess individuals’ behavioral tendencies in telling selfish, altruistic, and social-acceptance lies. The test–retest reliability, construct, convergent, and discriminant validity were examined in Studies 1–3. Criterion validity was tested by conducting a lying game in Study 4 and measuring participants’ moral decisions and speculations on three types of lying contexts in Studies 5 and 6. Study 5 with three substudies measured participants’ personal decisions in hypothetical daily-life situations and their self-report lying frequency. Study 6 provided hypothetical daily-life situations and measured participants’ speculations of others’ choices. All six studies provided sufficient psychometric support for the LYin LTS. Our study provides a sound assessment tool to measure three types of lying tendencies and sheds light on how individuals’ variations in honesty traits, self-centered, other-regarding, and need-to-belong characteristics link to variations in lying tendencies. Our findings suggest that an individual’s honesty-associated characteristics are various in terms of the consideration of honesty as a moral virtue and the application of deception as a strategy to achieve diverse purposes.
Journal Article
New happy
We all want to be happy. This goal drives everything that we do. Why, then, are so many of us so unhappy? It's not your fault. You have been told a lie: that achieving your own success will make you happy. This is 'old happy,' society's incorrect definition of happiness. The truth is that happiness comes from helping other people to live happier lives. In 'New Happy', happiness expert and wildly popular Instagram artist Stephanie Harrison shares her new philosophy of happiness. With illuminating artwork, inspiring stories, and ten years' worth of research, this eye-opening guide will help you find your authentic self and use it to help others - this is the proven path to happiness.
Book
PARENTING WITH STYLE: ALTRUISM AND PATERNALISM IN INTERGENERATIONAL PREFERENCE TRANSMISSION
We develop a theory of parent-child relations that rationalizes the choice between alternative parenting styles (as set out in Baumrind (1967)). Parents maximize an objective function that combines Beckerian altruism and paternalism towards children. They can affect their children's choices via two channels: either by influencing children's preferences or by imposing direct restrictions on their choice sets. Different parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive) emerge as equilibrium outcomes and are affected both by parental preferences and by the socioeconomic environment. Parenting style, in turn, feeds back into the children's welfare and economic success. The theory is consistent with the decline of authoritarian parenting observed in industrialized countries and with the greater prevalence of more permissive parenting in countries characterized by low inequality.
Journal Article
The altruistic urge : why we're driven to help others
\"Ordinary people can perform acts of astonishing selflessness, sometimes even putting their lives on the line. A pregnant woman saw a dorsal fin and blood in the water-and dove right in to pull her wounded husband to safety. Remarkably, some even leap into action to save complete strangers: One New York man jumped onto the subway tracks to rescue a boy who had fallen into the path of an oncoming train. Such behavior is not uniquely human. Researchers have found that mother rodents are highly motivated to bring newborn pups-not just their own-back to safety. What do these stories have in common, and what do they reveal about the instinct to protect others? In The Altruistic Urge, Stephanie D. Preston explores how and why we developed a surprisingly powerful drive to help the vulnerable. She argues that the neural and psychological mechanisms that evolved to safeguard offspring also motivate people to save strangers in need of immediate aid. Eye-catching dramatic rescues bear a striking similarity to how other mammals retrieve their young and help explain more mundane forms of support like donating money. Merging extensive interdisciplinary research that spans psychology, neuroscience, neurobiology, and evolutionary biology, Preston develops a groundbreaking model of altruistic responses. Her theory accounts for extraordinary feats of bravery, all-too-common apathy, and everything in between-and it can also be deployed to craft more effective appeals to assist those in need\"-- Provided by publisher.
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