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"Animal sounds"
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Attenborough's wonder of song
Sir David Attenborough tunes in to the remarkable sounds of the natural world, an open-air festival of songs of sex and survival. But will they soon be heard no more? A new generation of scientists have discovered that animal song is not just the preserve of males. Females sing too. But there are also fears that we do not have much longer to hear them. Because as humankind gets noisier, the rest of the planet is falling silent. Joyous, surprising and poignant, this story of pioneering research and astounding insight is a chorus of wonder - and a wake-up call.
Streaming Video
Wild animal sounds
\"Roar, ribbit, squeak, snore! Children will love imitating the noises made by creatures in the wild, from lions to dolphins to frogs and more.\"--Publisher's description.
Book
Update on frequency decline of Northeast Pacific blue whale
Worldwide, the frequency (pitch) of blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) calls has been decreasing since first recorded in the 1960s. This frequency decline occurs over annual and inter-annual timescales and has recently been documented in other baleen whale species, yet it remains unexplained. In the Northeast Pacific, blue whales produce two calls, or units, that, when regularly repeated, are referred to as song: A and B calls. In this population, frequency decline has thus far only been examined in B calls. In this work, passive acoustic data collected in the Southern California Bight from 2006 to 2019 were examined to determine if A calls are also declining in frequency and whether the call pulse rate was similarly impacted. Additionally, frequency measurements were made for B calls to determine whether the rate of frequency decline is the same as was calculated when this phenomenon was first reported in 2009. We found that A calls decreased at a rate of 0.32 Hz yr.sup.-1 during this period and that B calls were still decreasing, albeit at a slower rate (0.27 Hz yr.sup.-1) than reported previously. The A call pulse rate also declined over the course of the study, at a rate of 0.006 pulses/s yr.sup.-1 . With this updated information, we consider the various theories that have been proposed to explain frequency decline in blue whales. We conclude that no current theory adequately accounts for all aspects of this phenomenon and consider the role that individual perception of song frequency may play. To understand the cause behind call frequency decline, future studies might want to explore the function of these songs and the mechanism for their synchronization. The ubiquitous nature of the frequency shift phenomenon may indicate a consistent level of vocal plasticity and fine auditory processing abilities across baleen whale species.
Journal Article
How do cats purr?
\"Read this book to learn more about how and why cats purr\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Vitelline Warbler
The Vitelline Warbler (Setophaga vitellina) is an understudied species endemic to a few small islands in the western Caribbean. Little is known beyond its phylogenetic relationship to other New World warblers. We used island-wide surveys and bioacoustic recordings to investigate the distribution, vocalizations, and ecology of S. vitellina across a significant portion of the species' range on Little Cayman Island. We recorded 417 songs from 91 individuals and analyzed the length, frequency, and shape of various song components. We observed and characterized high variation in the composition and character of songs within the Little Cayman population. We also describe the call of the species and use sound files from across the species' range to compare vocalizations between islands. Vitelline Warbler abundance is highest in dry forest and dry scrub habitats, suggesting that these habitats are most important for the species. Elaboration of the vocalizations of understudied species like the Vitelline Warbler has the potential to further our understanding of avian evolution and behavior. As much still remains to be learned from this species, action must be taken to protect its critical habitats, especially dry forests, among other conservation measures.
Journal Article
A novel approach to porcine abnormal sounds recognition based on improved Multi-SVDD
During the real-time recognition of porcine abnormal sounds, the accuracy and stability of the recognition method are crucial to guarantee a good performance. For this purpose, an improved Multiple-Support Vector Data Description (Multi-SVDD) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the improved spectral subtraction using improved Minima Controlled Recursive Averaging (IMCRA) and Spectral Subtraction (SS) is applied to remove the noise of collected sounds. Then, the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and first-order differential MFCC (ΔMFCC) are extracted as feature parameters. Finally, the Multi-SVDD is used to detect and recognize the porcine abnormal sounds. In order to improve the accuracy and error-tolerance of Multi-SVDD for human errors on tagging data, the space density information of training data is calculated as the confidences to reduce the interference of outliers in the process of Multi-SVDD training. The experimental results show that the accuracy, precision and recall of the proposed method are as high as 95.0%, 95.4% and 95.0% respectively, which indicates higher error-tolerance capability than classical SVDD.
Journal Article
Can an aardvark bark?
\"A non-fiction look at the sounds that animals make and the reasons behind them.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Curious Acoustic Behavior of Estuarine Snapping Shrimp: Temporal Patterns of Snapping Shrimp Sound in Sub-Tidal Oyster Reef Habitat
Ocean soundscapes convey important sensory information to marine life. Like many mid-to-low latitude coastal areas worldwide, the high-frequency (>1.5 kHz) soundscape of oyster reef habitat within the West Bay Marine Reserve (36°N, 76°W) is dominated by the impulsive, short-duration signals generated by snapping shrimp. Between June 2011 and July 2012, a single hydrophone deployed within West Bay was programmed to record 60 or 30 seconds of acoustic data every 15 or 30 minutes. Envelope correlation and amplitude information were then used to count shrimp snaps within these recordings. The observed snap rates vary from 1500-2000 snaps per minute during summer to <100 snaps per minute during winter. Sound pressure levels are positively correlated with snap rate (r = 0.71-0.92) and vary seasonally by ~15 decibels in the 1.5-20 kHz range. Snap rates are positively correlated with water temperatures (r = 0.81-0.93), as well as potentially influenced by climate-driven changes in water quality. Light availability modulates snap rate on diurnal time scales, with most days exhibiting a significant preference for either nighttime or daytime snapping, and many showing additional crepuscular increases. During mid-summer, the number of snaps occurring at night is 5-10% more than predicted by a random model; however, this pattern is reversed between August and April, with an excess of up to 25% more snaps recorded during the day in the mid-winter. Diurnal variability in sound pressure levels is largest in the mid-winter, when the overall rate of snapping is at its lowest, and the percentage difference between daytime and nighttime activity is at its highest. This work highlights our lack of knowledge regarding the ecology and acoustic behavior of one of the most dominant soniforous invertebrate species in coastal systems. It also underscores the necessity of long-duration, high-temporal-resolution sampling in efforts to understand the bioacoustics of animal behaviors and associated changes within the marine soundscape.
Journal Article