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Using biographical research into the relationship between Anthony Burgess and William Burroughs provides new ways of reading their works. Investigating their relationship through their correspondence, I tease out the misunderstandings that lie within their mutual admiration. Analyzing Burgess's Catholicism and Burroughs's libertarianism in relation to the satirical intentions behind A Clockwork Orange (1962) and Naked Lunch (1959) opens avenues for new readings of the texts, read from the other writers' perspective, and helps us better understand the two writers' eventual disagreement.

into the exegetical and theological underpinnings of the Westminster Confession's chapter on the law by delivering an in-depth analysis of Anthony Burgess's Vindiciae Legis.After a brief introduction to Burgess and his historical context, Casselli details the logical course of Burgess's book considering the law as given to Adam, the law given to.

I define fictional drugs as non-existent medicines, intended for human use, invented for the purposes of some forms of fiction, usually novels, but also plays or films, including TV dramas. In several cases the inventions could be interpreted as representing some form of wish fulfilment on the author’s part. Examples include: Moloko plus in A Clockwork Orange (1962) by Anthony Burgess; Can-D and Chew-Z in The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch (1965) and Ubik in the novel of that name (1969), both by Philip K Dick; and boosterspice in Ringworld (1970) and other novels by Larry Niven. But be careful what you wish for—there may be adverse effects.

Sir Thomas More’s “libellus vere aureus,” his “golden little book,” Utopia, introduced a word for a fictional place that was supposedly perfect, although such fictional places had been written about for hundreds of years before his book appeared in 1516. The name “Utopia” was a pun, coming as it might from Greek words for either “no place” or “goodly place” (οὔ τόπος or εὐ τόπος), a pun that More himself explicitly pointed out. Later, the term “dystopia” was coined as an antonym, in contrast to “eutopia” rather than “outopia.” Then others suggested that “cacotopia” might be a better antonym. Later terms have included “agathotopia” and “kalotopia,” respectively a good place and a beautiful place. Which, I wonder, should be applied to the NHS of today?

This study responds to the call for more ecologically valid psycholinguistic research (Spivey & Cardon, 2015) by examining how readers incidentally acquire multifaceted vocabulary knowledge while reading a long, authentic text. Using eye tracking, we explore how the processing of unfamiliar words changes with repeated exposure and how the repeated exposure and processing affect word learning. In two sessions, native and non-native English speakers read five chapters of an authentic English novel containing Dari words. After reading, participants received a comprehension test and three surprise vocabulary tests. Growth curve modeling revealed a non-linear decrease in reading times that followed an S shaped curve. Number of exposures was the strongest predictor of vocabulary learning (form and meaning), while total reading time independently contributed to the learning of word meaning. Thus, both quantity and quality of lexical processing aid incremental vocabulary development and may reveal themselves differently in readers’ eye movement records.

Time for a Tiger (1956), a novel by Anthony Burgess, is believed to have been overlooked in the Malaysian literary context. Existing scholarship has maintained that the central themes of Time for a Tiger are colliding cultures, clashes of religion and racial conflicts but, in spite of these themes, this paper attempts to argue that there are in fact emerging patterns of Bangsa Malaysia in Time for a Tiger, which in turn reflect the elements of unity among the rich mixture of multi-ethnic characters. Bangsa Malaysia is not only the first of the nine challenges listed in Vision 2020 as conceptualised by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad (1991), but also marks the first time the Malaysian government is officially putting forward a clear vision in building a nation, launched to create a oneness atmosphere among the ethnic groups, in hopes it will reduce, if not erase, the tension among them. This study reveals that there are indeed emerging patterns of Bangsa Malaysia depicted through a mixture of characters from various ethnicities, namely the Malays, the Chinese and the Indians, through the implementation of government policies, education, a change of mindset and personal judgement, patriotism and the unifying role of the monarchy. Additionally, the patterns do support the earlier stage of the formation of Bangsa Malaysia, namely tolerance.

IntroductionAnthony Burgess’ novel ‘Clockwork Orange’ identifies the topical debates surrounding the use of aversion therapy (or aversive conditioning) as an effective treatment for addictive behaviours. Widely popularised in literature as ‘Ludovico’s Technique’, Burgess attempts to credit the misunderstanding and dramatization of its effects when the main protagonist is released from a prison sentence after undergoing this treatment.ObjectivesWe aimed to highlight the depictions of aversion therapy in modern popular literature.MethodsA narrative review of the current literature concerning aversion therapy and Anthony Burgess’s novel ‘A Clockwork Orange’ was conducted. Emphasis on the misinterpretation of aversive therapies was noted.ResultsSince the introduction of pharmacological alternatives and additional forms of psychological therapies, there has been a decline in the use of aversion therapy in recent decades. However, it is still effective when conceding the conditioning process. Likewise, its predecessor’ visual imagery’ is believed to be a more acceptable and effective form.ConclusionsThe depiction of aversion therapy in literature and media has played a role in shaping societal views on aversive conditioning techniques and the degree to which they are deemed acceptable forms of treatment. The “Ludovico Technique” featured in the novel ‘A Clockwork Orange’ and its film adaptation is arguably the most salient depiction of aversion therapy in popular culture.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

\"Master of linguistics: the example of the applied linguist\". The article investigates a figure who is not a professional linguist but can represent their qualities. The study deals with the personality of Anthony Burgess (Manchester, 1917 - London, 1993). Burgess studied philology and taught English for two decades. For a vital turn, he decided to devote himself exclusively to literature and cultural criticism. Burgess conceived language as a source of beauty and moral and creative ideas. This writer published two manuals on applied linguistics: Language Made Plaine (1964) and A Mouthful of Air (1992). Burgess gave explanation of his thoughts and experiences in the autobiographical stories: Little Wilson and Big God (1986) and You've Had Your Time (1990). The comment of an example of a linguist, as with Anthony Burgess, can afford analyze salient features of contemporary linguistics.

Slow Chocolate Autopsy (1997) is a multi-media novel that is a collaboration between the poet and novelist Iain Sinclair and the graphic illustrator, Dave McKean. It concerns the character Norton, a time-traveller, who is trapped in the layers of London’s historically violent past and is seeking to utilise the river Thames as his passage out of the city. Many of the chapters reveal his angst at his entrapment and he is either instigating violence or is, more frequently, its victim. In the first chapter of the novel, Norton is a witness to the last hours of Marlowe’s life. As he watches the action unfold on that fateful day in 1593, he realises that he ‘knew what was coming, the end of it” His prophetic anticipation only applies to Marlowe’s death though since he does not foresee that he himself will be his murderer. However, as he predicts the conclusion to the day’s events, Norton reveals his more immediate concern with the representations of Marlowe in the aftermath of his death. In particular his priority is determining 'How to muzzle Anthony Burgess', who had written the novel A Dead Man in Deptford (1993) about Marlowe’s life and death. This essay will explore why and how Sinclair is attempting to ‘muzzle’ Burgess's and biographical voices of Marlowe’s life by suggesting an alternative represention of Marlowe’s death. These questions can be answered through four approaches: first, by offering his own interpretation of the reckoning that challenges the choreographic description of the coroner’s report on which subsequent intepretations of Marlowe’s death are based; second, by downplaying biographies’ emphases on the significance of Poley, Frizer and Skeres; third, by prioritising the first-person point of view of Norton; and fourth, by using a psychogeographical reading of motive and behaviour, that uses the psychosis of location to explain human action, specifically the violence of the protagonists in 1593.

The present study brings together methods of extensive reading studies and eye-movement research to track the cognitive effects of exposure frequency on vocabulary processing and learning. Forty-two advanced second language learners of English read a stage 1 graded reader, Goodbye Mr. Hollywood , on a computer screen while their eye movements were recorded. The eye-tracking task was followed by comprehension questions and vocabulary posttests. Target vocabulary consisted of 20 pseudo words and 20 known words with a range of repetition from 1 to 30. Eye-movement data showed that readers spent more time on pseudo words than on familiar words and that fixation times decreased across encounters with more attention given to target words on early encounters. Repeated exposure supported form recognition but was not as significant for meaning recall and recognition. Total times spent on each encounter was positively associated with learning success in all vocabulary measures. The amount of attention, as reflected in total reading times on each pseudo word, positively predicted learning outcomes above and beyond the number of encounters. Results of the study add a cognitive dimension to the concept of engagement in lexical learning in the process of incidental learning from second language reading.