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"Anti-submarine warfare"
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Blackett's war : the men who defeated the Nazi U-boats and brought science to the art of warfare
In March 1941, after a year of devastating U-boat attacks, the British War Cabinet called upon an intensely private, bohemian physicist named Patrick Blackett to turn the tide of the naval campaign. Though he is little remembered today, Blackett did as much as anyone to defeat Nazi Germany, by revolutionizing the Allied anti-submarine effort through the disciplined, systematic implementation of simple mathematics and probability theory. This is the story of how British and American civilian intellectuals helped change the nature of twentieth-century warfare, by convincing disbelieving military brass to trust the new field of operational research. -- Back cover.
Book
Sensor Control in Anti-Submarine Warfare—A Digital Twin and Random Finite Sets Based Approach
Since the submarine has become the major threat to maritime security, there is an urgent need to find a more efficient method of anti-submarine warfare (ASW). The digital twin theory is one of the most outstanding information technologies, and has been quite popular in recent years. The most influential change produced by digital twin is the ability to enable real-time dynamic interactions between the simulation world and the real world. Digital twin can be regarded as a paradigm by means of which selected online measurements are dynamically assimilated into the simulation world, with the running simulation model guiding the real world adaptively in reverse. By combining digital twin theory and random finite sets (RFSs) closely, a new framework of sensor control in ASW is proposed. Two key algorithms are proposed for supporting the digital twin-based framework. First, the RFS-based data-assimilation algorithm is proposed for online assimilating the sequence of real-time measurements with detection uncertainty, data association uncertainty, noise, and clutters. Second, the computation of the reward function by using the results of the proposed data-assimilation algorithm is introduced to find the optimal control action. The results of three groups of experiments successfully verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Journal Article
Distributed Remote Sensing for Naval Undersea Warfare
The widespread availability of quiet, diesel electric submarines and inexpensive mines is posing a growing threat to global access by the U.S. Navy. In response, the Navy has expanded its undersea warfare efforts and put particular emphasis on the potential for new distributed remote sensing (DRS) approaches. To assist with this effort, the former Chief of Naval Operations requested the NRC to conduct an assessment of DRS for naval undersea warfare. This report provides a clear, near-term path by which useful DRS systems can be applied rapidly to pressing naval USW problems, and by which ongoing science and technology efforts can be directed toward the most useful options. The report contains information as described in 5 U.S.C. 552(b) and therefore could not be released to the public in its entirety. The public version consists of the front matter and executive summary.
eBook
New Era or New Error? Technology and the Future of Deterrence
In their recent article, Keir Lieber and Daryl Press argue that enhanced counterforce capabilities are increasingly threatening the survivability of nuclear forces. They do not, however, provide a technically valid basis to support this judgment regarding the United States' strategic submarine (SSBN) force. This omission raises doubts about the emergence of any new counterforce era against the U.S. arsenal.
Journal Article
Research on Anti-Submarine Warfare Method of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Cluster Based on Area Coverage and Distributed Optimization Control
Maritime security is vital to national security. The application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) clusters in marine anti-submarine warfare (ASW) presents a new and significant challenge worthy of in-depth study. Based on the anti-submarine principle of geomagnetic anomaly detection and the Find-Fix-Track-Target-Engage-Assess (F2T2EA) framework, this paper divides UAV cluster ASW operations into two stages: regional coverage and cooperative convergence. The regional coverage stage enables the UAV cluster to perform a broad search for submarines, while the cooperative convergence stage facilitates the precise positioning of detected submarines. In simulation, the combat scenario of five UAV clusters against a submarine is carried out. In the given area, the UAV can locate and stalk the target submarine in limited time. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach, providing reference for advancing marine ASW capabilities and related research.
Journal Article
The Secret War Against Sweden
Following the stranding of a Soviet Whiskey-class submarine in 1981 on the Swedish archipelago, a series of massive submarine intrusions took place within Swedish waters. However, the evidence for these appears to have been manipulated or simply invented. Classified documents and interviews point to covert Western, rather than Soviet activity. This is backed up by former US Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger, who stated that Western \"testing\" operations were carried out regularly in Swedish waters. Royal Navy submarine captains have also admitted to top-secret operations. Ola Tunander's revelations make it clear that the United States and Britain ran a \"secret war\" in Swedish waters. The number of Swedes perceiving the Soviet Union as a direct threat increased from 5-10 per cent in 1980 to 45 per cent in 1983. This Anglo-American \"secret war\" was aimed at exerting political influence over Sweden. It was a risky enterprise, but perhaps the most successful covert operation of the entire Cold War.
Preface Acknowledgements 1. Introduction 2. Background: Operation NOTVARP 3. The Hårsfjärden Hunt: A War Diary 4. Reflections after the Submarine Hunt 5. Manipulation of Government Policy 6. The National Origin of the Hårsfjärden Submarine 7. Submarine Ghosts and Psychological Warfare Against Sweden Appendix I: Sources - Archival Material and Interviews Appendix II: Interview with Caspar Weinberger Appendix III: Swedish Naval Forces Mentioned in Chapter 3 References
eBook
Submarine Hunter: Efficient and Secure Multi-Type Unmanned Vehicles
Utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) to protect smart coastal cities has become a novel vision for scientific and industrial institutions. One of these AI technologies is using efficient and secure multi-environment Unmanned Vehicles (UVs) for anti-submarine attacks. This study’s contribution is the early detection of a submarine assault employing hybrid environment UVs that are controlled using swarm optimization and secure the information in between UVs using a decentralized cybersecurity strategy. The Dragonfly Algorithm is used for the orientation and clustering of the UVs in the optimization approach, and the Re-fragmentation strategy is used in the Network layer of the TCP/IP protocol as a cybersecurity solution. The research’s noteworthy findings demonstrate UVs’ logistical capability to promptly detect the target and address the problem while securely keeping the drone’s geographical information. The results suggest that detecting the submarine early increases the likelihood of averting a collision. The dragonfly strategy of sensing the position of the submersible and aggregating around it demonstrates the reliability of swarm intelligence in increasing access efficiency. Securing communication between Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) improves the level of secrecy necessary for the task. The swarm navigation is based on a peer-to-peer system, which allows each UAV to access information from its peers. This, in turn, helps the UAVs to determine the best route to take and to avoid collisions with other UAVs. The dragonfly strategy also increases the speed of the mission by minimizing the time spent finding the target.
Journal Article
Anti-Submarine Warfare in the Pre-First World War Royal Navy
In August 1914 the Royal Navy entered the First World War without a clear sense of how it was going to undertake anti-submarine warfare (ASW). In part this was a technical issue; fundamentally the requirements of ASW were at the very edge of what was then possible. This article will, however, argue that the problem ran deeper, and stemmed from cultural assumptions about what the role of the Royal Navy was, and how it should seek to address the challenge posed by submarines.
Journal Article
Commanding Canadians
Commander A.F.C. Layard, RN, wrote almost daily in his diary from 1913 until 1947. The pivotal 1943-45 years of this edited volume offer an extraordinarily full and honest chronicle, revealing Layard's preoccupations, both with the daily details and with the strain and responsibility of wartime command at sea.
eBook