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The dragon behind the glass : a true story of power, obsession, and the world's most coveted fish
A journalist's quest to find a wild Asian arowana--the world's most expensive aquarium fish--takes her on a global tour through the bizarre realm of ornamental fish hobbyists to some of the most remote jungles on the planet.
Book
Potential natural carotenoid sources for the colouration of ornamental fish: a review
Attractive colouration of ornamental fishes is an important quality criterion in the aquarium fish industry. Ornamental fish cannot synthesize colour-producing carotenoid pigments and therefore must rely on dietary carotenoids in natural or synthetic forms to achieve their colour pigmentations. The aim of this review is to compile and summarize recent investigations into different carotenoid sources used in ornamental fish feed formulations and to highlight the research gaps and investigation needs in the field of aquaculture. The natural carotenoid sources which have been widely used for enhancing colouration are non-photosynthetic organs of higher plants, microalgae, seaweeds, crustacean by-products, and red yeast. Consumers mostly prefer to use natural sources rather than synthetic sources. The problem faced by aquaculturists is stabilization of the gained skin colour after terminating feeding of the fish. Advanced investigations are needed to identify the stability of the colouration in the ornamental fish during their life cycle. Further, this review encourages the use of other available natural carotenoid sources in the ornamental fish industry in order to reduce the use of synthetic pigment products and invites research to be done on a genetic level in order to fully understand colour distribution patterns and sustainability of colouration gain.
Journal Article
500 freshwater aquarium fish : a visual reference to the most popular species
\"This updated, comprehensive, full-color reference covers 500 of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish. It provides concise at-a-glance information on their behavior, diet and breeding along with guidance and recommendations on setting up a freshwater aquarium. Species include: Cichlids, Catfish, Cyprinids, Characoids, Loaches and suckers, Gouramis, Rainbow fish and blue-eyes, Livebearers, and others\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the cichlid genus Hemichromis (Teleostei, Cichliformes, Cichlidae), with description of a new genus and revalidation of H. angolensis
The tribe Hemichromini is an early diverging, mainly Central and West African lineage within the species-rich African cichlid fishes (Cichliformes, Cichlidae) including two genera, Hemichromis Peters 1858 and the monotypic Anomalochromis Greenwood 1985. Though many of the species are popular aquarium fish, the number of hemichromine species is still a matter of debate with their phylogenetic relationships largely unknown. Based on DNA sequence data of two mitochondrial and two nuclear genes, we present the first comprehensive phylogeny of the Hemichromini. Using an integrative approach based on these DNA sequences data, morphometrics, meristics, and a qualitative assessment of body coloration, we revise the genus Hemichromis and discuss intrageneric relationships. Two major groups within the genus Hemichromis that diverged roughly 6–12 MYA are recognized, of which the first one represents Hemichromis sensu stricto, for the second one a new genus, Rubricatochromis, is described. Diversification with these two main groups started about 3–6 MYA, with different trajectories of colonization in the two groups. Hemichromis populations from the most southern (Cuanza, Zambezi, and Okavango) part of the genus’ distribution range constitute a well-supported clade distinct from all other members of Hemichromis, for which the taxon H. angolensis Steindachner, 1865 is confirmed.
Journal Article
Non-native fish species in Hungarian waters: historical overview, potential sources and recent trends in their distribution
Due to its central position in the Danube basin and its considerable fishery sector, Hungary plays a key role in the spread of non-native fish species in Europe. Nevertheless, the status of non-native fish has not yet been reviewed for Hungary. Therefore, our aims were (1) to give a comprehensive historical overview regarding the occurrence of non-native fish species of Hungary, (2) to show their recent distribution patterns using GIS, and (3) to evaluate the importance of the possible drivers in their spread. Literature data show 59 non-native fish species from Hungary. The appearance of new species—mostly due to aquarium fish releases—shows an accelerating trend nowadays. Although non-native fish have appeared at 78.7% of the studied 767 sites during our recent countrywide survey, their distribution was uneven. Lowland streams, lowland rivers, and the River Danube were the most affected by non-native fish, particularly the gibel carp, topmouth gudgeon and pumpkinseed escaped from fish/angling ponds, and the recent invasion of Ponto-Caspian gobies. Our results indicated that in order to reduce the effects and intensity of further invasions, more rigorous control of aquarium trade, angling pond stockings, and inter-watershed fish transports are necessary.
Journal Article
Establishment of Siamese Fighting Fish on the Adelaide River floodplain: the first serious invasive fish in the Northern Territory, Australia
Siamese Fighting Fish Betta splendens is a well-known and popular aquarium fish. The species has recently invaded the Adelaide River floodplain, near Darwin in northern Australia. A very large and extensive population has persisted over consecutive years, with potential for further spread. This represents the first serious alien fish species incursion in the Northern Territory, with reports previously limited mainly to livebearers and cichlids in isolated habitats, some of which have been controlled by specific actions reviewed herein. The invasion highlights the need to maintain and strengthen proactive management, community engagement, and coordinated strategies for vectors of introduction including aquarium fishes.
Journal Article
Use of ethanol (95%) extract of Anacardium occidentale (Linnaeus 1753) to control Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori 1924) infection in Xiphophorus hellerii (Heckel 1848)
Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori 1924) is a trematode parasite introduced into many parts of the world through the aquarium fish trade. Its infection causes high fish mortalities and economic losses to fish farmers worldwide. In this study, the efficacy of ethanol (95%) extract of Anacardium occidentale (Linnaeus 1753) apple to control C. formosanus infection in Xiphophorus hellerii (Heckel 1848) was investigated. According to Probit analysis, the estimated 96 h LC50 of plant extract for X. hellerii was 387.28 mgL-1. Infected X. hellerii was treated with concentrations of 300, 320, 340, 360, and 380 mgL-1 plant extract with exposure periods of 24 and 48 h. The behavior and mortality of treated and non-treated fish were observed for two weeks. Mortality and parasitic intensity of treated fish were significantly lower than that of non-treated fish during the experiment and recovery period. The parasitic intensity in treated fish decreased significantly with increasing concentration of plant extraction in 24 h and 48 h exposure. The lowest dose of A. occidentale apple extract needed to reduce more than 70% of metacercariae infected to gills of X. hellerii within 24 h was 340 mgL-1. According to the findings, A. occidentale apple extract can effectively control C. formosanus infections in aquarium fish.
Journal Article
Reproductive Biology, Captive Breeding and Larval Development of the Threatened Deocata Pipefish Microphis deocata (Syngnathidae)
Microphis deocata
is the only freshwater syngnathid species from the Ganges and Brahmaputra River basins in India. However, this species suffers from rampant wild collections primarily as a lucrative ornamental freshwater fish of northeast India. Given this, the present study is undertaken to manage the threat primarily posed by aquarium fish trade through the initiation of culture and breeding of the species in aquaria for the first time. The paper also highlights important notes on reproductive biology and provides a baseline datum on the spawning and larval development of
M. deocata.
A female-biased sex ratio of 1.00 : 1.24 is observed based on
n
= 858 individuals caught-and-released on site from the Manas River (Brahmaputra basin), Assam, India. Data on rearing and successful breeding trials conducted with additional 15 individuals in aquaria (six males and nine females) between June–August, 2018 and October–November, 2018 are provided. The newly-hatched larvae measures ⁓14 mm in total length. Transformation of larvae to juveniles commence by 75 days post hatching. After 240 days, juveniles attain a maximum length of 11.9 ± 0.1 cm weighing 0.4–0.5 g, and the mean survival rate is 56.8 ± 8.7%.
Journal Article
Importance of Gammarus in aquaculture
In recent years, there have been significant increases in the production and breeding of aquaculture species; for example, the gilt-head (sea) bream and seabass in salt water and trout, carp, and tilapia in fresh water., Amphipods in the genus Gammarus are used as a rich source of protein to feed various pet animals such as aquarium fish, lizards, and turtles, as well as in aquatic ecotoxicology and water quality assessment. Gammarus meal is used as a partial replacement (10–20%) of fish meal. However, the reproduction and rearing of Gammarus in intensive or semi-intensive conditions has not yet been carried out. Gammarus products (live, dried flakes, or powdered) transported to the markets are constituted from wild caught Gammarus. Due to the high price of these products, Gammarus aquaculture potentially has great economic benefits. Therefore, there is a need to focus on the importance of Gammarus in aquaculture. In the present review, the ecology and distribution of Gammarus, its importance in aquatic ecotoxicology and water quality assessment, the chemical analysis of Gammarus and factors affecting chemical composition of it, and the importance of Gammarus in fish nutrition are discussed. In addition, the economic importance and culture methods of Gammarus are also reviewed. This review will be beneficial for scientific investigators and fish-crustacean farmers.
Journal Article