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The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and vitality class of Ulin stands after the age of 17 years at Sempaja Arboretum, Samarinda East Kalimantan. Collecting data by measuring all species of Ulin which were planted in the arboretum area of 2.5 ha covering diameter/circumference, tree height, and trunk condition in 2020. The growth analysis approach used individual tree increment calculations, while the vitality class and social dynamic assessment were based on the IUFRO classification. The results showed that in the arboretum Sempaja found 82 stems of Ulin which planted as a result of ex-situ conservation activities. The tree’s growth distribution after 17 years was wide both based on the diameter, namely 1.5-11.72 cm, and height, namely 2.4-16.21 m. Based on the mean annual diameter increment (MAId) is 0.09-0.69 cm. yr -1 , the height increment (MAIh) is 0.14-0.95 m. yr -1 and volume increment (MAIvol) is 0.00002-0.006 m3.yr-1. The vitality value of Ulin was classified into three classes, meanwhile, the dynamic social was divided into two classes. Based on this assessment, the stand is dominated by trees with average growth and trees requiring maintenance in their development. These results provide input for the need for silvicultural maintenance for the Ulin stand, especially in the management of Sempaja arboretum.

Macroscopic fungi are an important part of biodiversity and contribute significantly to ecological processes. Furthermore, macroscopic fungi are also a valuable source of food and medicine. Unfortunately, exploration of macroscopic fungi in secondary forests, including arboretums, remains limited. The objective of this study is to identify macrofungi, investigate diversity, and analyze macroscopic fungi distribution patterns in the Arboretum of the University of Sumatera Utara (USU), Kwala Bekala. The cruise method, combined with a census technique, was employed across the arboretum. The study’s findings revealed 34 macroscopic fungi from two divisions: Ascomycota (1 species) and Basidiomycota (33 species), totaling 629 individuals. The Shannon-Wiener diversity value is relatively high, indicating a varied fungal community. Environmental factors such as humidity, temperature, pH, and substrate all have a significant impact on fungi. Several species, including Mycena delicatella and Crepidotus fusisporus var. rameus, are the most common, whereas Tremella fuciformis was found only once. These findings provide an important foundation for conservation efforts and utilizing the bioecological potential of macroscopic fungi.

On decorative trees and shrubs, under the influence of external factors and pathogenic microorganisms, the development of various diseases is observed. The article is devoted to the prevention of such negative phenomena, the study of the species composition of the biota of micromycetes, as well as the analysis of their bioecological characteristics.

As we get closer to 2030, which is the deadline for achieving Indonesia’s National Determined Contribution (NDC) target, coupled with plans to implement a carbon tax, there are opportunities for utilizing vegetation that has high sequestration capacity. One of them is the Diospyros minahassae species, which is an endemic species to the Wallacea region that has the ability to absorb carbon. This research aims to calculate the carbon absorption potential and economic valuation of the Diospyros minahassae species so as to obtain an overview of its benefits and contribution to achieving NDC targets both regionally and nationally. The carbon uptake potential of the Diospyros minahassae species was calculated using the allometric equation and then converted into a carbon uptake value. This carbon absorption value is then calculated as potential income based on the carbon sales value set by the World Bank. Based on the calculation results, it was found that the potential for carbon uptake in the Diospyros minahassae species reached 69,491 tons/ha or the equivalent of 138,983 USD/ha.

Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Arboretum is a green space established for conservation and educational purposes. Over time, the USU arboretum became a complex ecosystem with various species appearing in it, one of which is the Araceae family. The aim of the research is to investigate the diversity of Araceae at the USU Arboretum. To determine the diversity and abundance of Araceae, a census was used in this study. Eight species of Araceae, including Dieffenbachia bowmanii , Alocasia macrorrhizos , Amorphophallus paeoniifolius , Caladium bicolor , Colocasia esculenta , Lasia spinosa , Syngonium podophyllum , and Typhonium blumei , are found in the arboretum. With a Relative Density (RD) of 59.41%, C. esculenta was the species that attained the highest density. The species diversity and evenness indices were classified as low with values obtained respectively of 0.75 and 0.36, while the species dominance index was classified as high (C=0.80).

Growth, development, and structural changes within the Universitas Sumatera Utara Arboretum since its establishment in 2005 should be recognized, observed, and investigated. Previously, the site of this arboretum was oil palm plantation. The objective of this study is to map, classify, identify, and calculate the potency of the vegetation within the arboretum. Method of this research is combination of literature study and field work. In this research, literature study, site visit, and inventory work were reported. Results of literature study revealed that at least 56 species of forestry plants were found in 2008 and increased up to 77 species of tree were found in 2023. Present research conducted in 2024 using a systematic sampling with random start with 36 plots revealed only 53 species of tree. The result was lower due to differ in method. To promote climate change mitigation, it is still necessary to optimize the potency as a source of bio-energy, food and feed, herbal medicine, carbon reserves, and creative economy (natural dyes and craft materials).

Abstract Methods to accurately estimate spatially explicit fuel consumption are needed because consumption relates directly to fire behavior, effects, and smoke emissions. Our objective was to quantify sparkleberry (Vaccinium arboretum Marshall) shrub fuels before and after six experimental prescribed fires at Fort Jackson in South Carolina. We used a novel approach to characterize shrubs non-destructively from three-dimensional (3D) point cloud data collected with a terrestrial laser scanner. The point cloud data were reduced to 0.001 m–3 voxels that were either occupied to indicate fuel presence or empty to indicate fuel absence. The density of occupied voxels was related significantly by a logarithmic function to 3D fuel bulk density samples that were destructively harvested (adjusted R2 = .32, P < .0001). Based on our findings, a survey-grade Global Navigation Satellite System may be necessary to accurately associate 3D point cloud data to 3D fuel bulk density measurements destructively collected in small (submeter) shrub plots. A recommendation for future research is to accurately geolocate and quantify the occupied volume of entire shrubs as 3D objects that can be used to train models to map shrub fuel bulk density from point cloud data binned to occupied 3D voxels.

The species diversity and safety of a 70-year-old collection of tree and shrub introduced species in the arboretum of the Dzhanybek Research Station, located in rainfed conditions of the semi-desert of the Northern Caspian region, was studied. The arboretum was created on hydromorphic meadow-chestnut soils in a mesodepression of relief in 1953. At the present stage, 75 species belonging to 23 families and 43 genera have been identified in the arboretum. It was analyzed that most of the species are represented by the family Rosaceae, the species of the families Caprifoliaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Fagaceae, Leguminosae, Oleaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, Ulmaceae are very numerous. Species with high ecological and biological potential have been identified. It is concluded that due to their own longevity, adaptive reactions, good self-renewal abilities, many species can exist for a long time and stably in semi-desert conditions. Species that can be recommended for creating sustainable socially significant plantations are proposed.

The location of USU Arboretum is not far from Medan city, making the arboretum a strategic place for healing activities for Medan city residents. Visitor comfort is an important indicator to determine the suitability of an arboretum as a healing forest area. This research aims to obtain the comfort level of arboretum visitors. This research used experimental methods on 30 students from the Faculty of Psychology as visitors to the arboretum as well as respondents. The methods used to measure visitor comfort levels include physiological and psychological aspects. The data collected quantitatively and qualitatively were then processed using excel software and analyzed to determine the comfort level of visitors to the USU Bekala Arboretum. The results of this research show that tracking treatment in the arboretum was able to decrease blood pressure in almost all students who received this treatment. Based on the results of measuring psychological parameters, it can be seen that almost all students who received this treatment felt happy and comfortable. After receiving this treatment, as many as 89.29% of students experienced a decrease in fear, as many as 85.71% of students experienced a decrease in stress levels, as many as 92.86% of students experienced an increase in knowledge about tree species. The results of this research also show that after receiving tracking treatment, almost all students (92.86%) agreed that the USU Bekala Arboretum should be used as a Healing Forest area.