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"Archaeology Fieldwork Peru."
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Remembering archaeological fieldwork in Mexico and Peru, 1960-2003 : a photographic essay
\"A photographic essay on four decades of the author's archaeological excavation and survey in Mexico and Peru. Contains hundreds of black and white photographs of landscapes, archaeological features, crew members, and local people and places. The focus is primarily on the work and life of an archaeologist and on landscapes that have since then been completely altered by urban development, reclamation projects, and commercial agriculture.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Retracing Inca Steps
Dean Arnold takes readers on a journey into the Andes, recounting the adventures of his 1960s research in the village of Quinua, Peru. Arnold’s quest to understand how contemporary pottery production reflected current Quinua society as well as its ancient Inca and pre-Inca past is one of the earliest studies in what later became known as ethnoarchaeology. This first-person narrative reveals the challenges of living and working in another culture and the many obstacles one can encounter while doing field research. Arnold shares how his feelings of frustration and perceived failure led him to refocus his project, a shift that ultimately led to an entirely new perspective on pottery production in the Andes. Masterfully weaving details about Peru’s geography, ecology, history, prehistory, and culture into his story, he chronicles his change from small-town Midwesterner to a person of much broader vision, newly aware of his North American views and values.
Retracing Inca Steps is an excellent read for the lay person wishing to learn about the environment, prehistory, history, and culture of Peru as well as for students wanting to know more about the joys and rigors of fieldwork.
eBook
Mid- to late-Holocene fluvial activity behind pre-Columbian social complexity in the southwestern Amazon basin
The scale, spatial variability and implications of pre-Columbian human-induced changes in the Amazon basin are controversial. While some scholars believe that large settlements and complex societies were limited to areas with favourable environmental conditions and human disturbance was localized, others propose that social complexity developed regardless of environmental constraints and opportunities and that human disturbance was widespread. In order to understand the extent to which environmental preconditions influenced the development of pre-Columbian societies, research is needed that integrates both environmental reconstructions and archaeological data. The present study explores past human–environment interactions in the Llanos de Moxos (LM) in the Bolivian Amazon. Combining extensive fieldwork and remote sensing image analysis, we reconstruct mid- to late-Holocene fluvial activity in the southeastern LM and the formation of a sedimentary lobe left by the Grande River. The lobe deposition created the conditions for the development of fertile, drained soils. We also show how pre-Columbian inhabitants adapted to the sedimentary lobe and managed to maximize the area of land suitable for agriculture by building a drainage/irrigation infrastructure. Our results provide an interpretative framework for the diversity of archaeological remains in the LM and suggest that people reached high levels of social complexity as a result of two necessary factors: favourable environmental conditions and human ingenuity.
Journal Article
High Resolution Drone Surveying of the Pista Geoglyph in Palpa, Peru
Currently, satellite images can be used to document historical or archaeological sites in areas that are distant, dangerous, or expensive to visit, and they can be used instead of basic fieldwork in several cases. Nowadays, they have final resolution on 35–50 cm, which can be limited for searching of fine structures. Results using the analysis of very high resolution (VHR) satellite data and super resolution data from drone on an object nearby Palpa, Peru are discussed in this article. This study is a part of Nasca project focused on using satellite data for documentation and the analysis of the famous geoglyphs in Peru near Palpa and Nasca, and partially on the documentation of other historical objects. The use of drone shows advantages of this technology to achieve high resolution object documentation and analysis, which provide new details. The documented site was the “Pista” geoglyph. Discovering of unknown geoglyphs (a bird, a guinea pig, and other small drawings) was quite significant in the area of the well-known geoglyph. The new data shows many other details, unseen from the surface or from the satellite imagery, and provides the basis for updating current knowledge and theories about the use and construction of geoglyphs.
Journal Article
Dating the Late Archaic occupation of the Norte Chico region in Peru
The Norte Chico region on the coast of Peru north of Lima consists of four adjacent river valleys—Huaura, Supe, Pativilca and Fortaleza—in which archaeologists have been aware of a number of apparently early sites for more than 40 years (refs
1– 3
). To clarify the early chronology in this region, we undertook fieldwork in 2002 and 2003 to determine the dates of occupation of sites in the Fortaleza and Pativilca valleys. Here we present 95 new radiocarbon dates from a sample of 13 of more than 20 large, early sites. These sites share certain basic characteristics, including large-scale monumental architecture, extensive residential architecture and a lack of ceramics. The 95 new dates confirm the emergence and development of a major cultural complex in this region during the Late Archaic period between 3000 and 1800 calibrated calendar years
bc
. The results help to redefine a broader understanding of the respective roles of agricultural and fishing economies in the beginnings of civilization in South America.
Journal Article
Schinus Molle L. (Anacardiaceae) Chicha Production in the Central Andes
The authors located and experimentally reproduced an alcoholic beverage using Schinus molle L. drupes to explain the presence of large quantities of S. molle seeds in archaeological contexts associated with the Middle Horizon (550–1000 C.E.) site of Cerro Baúl, Moquegua, Perú. They discuss the production of chicha de molle in the context of the archaeological site, the ecology of the plant, and the ethnobotany associated with S. molle in the Andes. Overall, S. molle was and is used today in a variety of ways regionally, and through both ethnobotanical and archaeological fieldwork, they establish a long-standing tradition of human-plant interactions with S. molle.
Journal Article
What Have the Pishtaku? Dreams, Tributes and the Construction of the Past
This paper addresses the impact of local perceptions of the environment, archaeological sites & of archaeologists themselves, on the ways in which we construct the past. Based on the dissimilar field experiences of two research teams we assess the power of dreams, offerings & rituals conducted to obtain permission from the mountains, the water & the ancestors to conduct excavations & surveys in the north central highlands of Peru. These, we argue, manifest the complex articulation of geopolitical & power relations that underlie the hegemony of the positivist legacy in archaeological science and, simultaneously, offer a space for horizontal discourse with great transformative potential. Figures, References. Adapted from the source document.
Journal Article
Moche tombs at Dos Cabezas
On the excavation proper, a couple of details are particularly appealing: the sheer lavishness of some of the tombs combined with miniature copper effigies of four of the buried individuals (tombs A, 1, 2 and 3), and, more interestingly, the peculiarities of these four principal individuals. For a volume that presents raw data there is a lack of specialist reports on a plethora of different aspects of the fieldwork such as excavation methodology and intra-level stratigraphy, as well as only brief mention, inter alia, of analyses of organic remains, metals and ceramics.
Book Review