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"Architects Austria."
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Elsa Prochazka : architectureality : raum & designstrategien = space & designstrategies
In 4 decades, Elsa Prochazka completed a range of projects of varying sizes: from furniture design through architecture to urban design projects. If there was a Vienna school of superior contemporary interior design, Elsa Prochazka would be a prototypical representative: Her \"interiors seem to invite tactile participation, demanding the involvement of the body as an agent of the mind\" (Otto Kapfinger). This quote could stand equally for her buildings. Prochazka developed and disseminates her conceptional approach within the framework of her professorships and her international lecturing activities. The book closes the gap in the documentation of significant female Viennese architects.
Book
Shopping town : designing the city in suburban America
\"Victor Gruen was one of the twentieth century's most influential architects and is regarded as the father of the U.S. shopping mall. In spring 1979, less than a year before his death, he began reconstructing his life story. Now available in English for the first time, Shopping Town is the long overdue account of a man whose work fundamentally altered the course of city development. Shopping Town opens in Vienna in 1938 with the Anschluss--the turning point in Gruen's life--as he narrowly escaped the Nazi regime. A few years later, in the suburbs of postwar America, the Jewish refugee sought to reproduce the vitality of Vienna's city center and invented the commercial apparatus now known as the shopping mall. Gruen's Southdale Mall in Edina, Minnesota, was the first fully enclosed shopping center in America. He then translated the concept to economically neglected city centers, setting the path for pedestrian zones and fighting passionately for an urban ideal without compromise. Highlighting Gruen's sense of humor as well as reflections on the complex forces that sustained the postwar transformation of American cities, Shopping Town embeds Gruen's experiences and perspectives in a wider social and political context while helping us understand his problematic place in American architectural culture. With afterwords by his son and daughter, Shopping Town closes with Anette Baldauf's richly insightful essay on the legacy of Victor Gruen\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Building the Great Synagogue of Pest
In the aftermath of the 1848 revolutions, the search for a symbolic Jewish presence in the urban centers of Central Europe led to the emergence of a monumental synagogue architecture in the Moorish revival style. This new architectural convention experienced a sudden breakthrough in April and May 1854, when it was adopted almost simultaneously in the plans for three major synagogues to be built in Leipzig, Vienna, and Pest. In this article, I will demonstrate that the social and aesthetic agendas of the three community leaderships were interconnected and that they must be understood in the context of the international political events transpiring at the time. In the spring of 1854, Europe witnessed the military and propagandistic run-up to the Crimean War. In the spirit of liberal patriotism, Hungarian Jews identified with the Ottomans against the Czarist Empire and saw the contemporary Islamic-Christian alliance as a globalizing extension of the emancipation process.
Journal Article
Plottegg : architecture beyond inclusion and identity is exclusion and difference from art : the work of Manfred Wolff-Plottegg
Plottegg ist einer der profiliertesten Avantgarde-Architekten Österreichs. Als Pionier setzt er den Computer seit den 1980er Jahren ein. Die Verwendung als elektronisches Reißbrett ist ihm zu wenig, Programme sollen Lösungen generieren. Die für diese Publikation ausgewählten Werke repräsentieren in Folge daher weniger die Erfüllung von Bauaufgaben sondern eher Architekturkonzepte und Arbeitsweisen. Die Darstellung der Projekte im Buch beruht auf Bildern; Beschreibungen, Daten sowie Kommentare wurden auf das Geringstmögliche reduziert. Insofern versteht sich das Buch auch als visuelle Ergänzung seiner bisher erschienenen Texte. Diese erste Monographie gebauter und projektierter Architektur schließt eine Lücke in der Dokumentation innovativer österreichischer Architekten.
Plottegg is one of Austria's most high-profile avant-garde architects. He has been pioneering the use of the computer since the 1980s. However, using the technology purely as an electronic drawing board is not enough for him - programs are intended to generate solutions. The works selected for this publication therefore represent the architect's design concepts and working methods rather than solutions for building projects. The projects are primarily presented in the form of images; descriptions, data and comments have been reduced to the minimum possible. To that extent, this book is also a visual supplement to his essays published up to now. This first monograph on Plottegg's built and planned architecture closes a gap in the documentation of innovative Austrian architects.
eBook
Urban Sensibilities
\"The Boston Opera Company's production of Pelleas et Melisande on January 10, 1912 showcased the first set designs in America by Viennese artist Joseph Urban...Urban brought European craftsmanship and a unified theatrical experience to America. [His] career encompassed 170 productions and as many as seven hundred stage sets, along with designs for theaters, restaurants, films, and private homes...[But w]hen the curtains came down on his shows, many of his designs dissolved into memory...More than a century after Urban began his career, an attempt is being made at Columbia University's Rare Book and Manuscript Library to preserve his designs. The collection covers Urban's work in Vienna, Boston, and New York from 1897 to his death in 1933.\" (Humanities) Details of Urban's signature style, known to many through Ziegfeld's Follies, are provided. Highlights from the Columbia University collection are included.
Magazine Article
The Collaborative Image of The City: Mapping the Inequality of Urban Perception
A traveler visiting Rio, Manila or Caracas does not need a report to learn that these cities are unequal; she can see it directly from the taxicab window. This is because in most cities inequality is conspicuous, but also, because cities express different forms of inequality that are evident to casual observers. Cities are highly heterogeneous and often unequal with respect to the income of their residents, but also with respect to the cleanliness of their neighborhoods, the beauty of their architecture, and the liveliness of their streets, among many other evaluative dimensions. Until now, however, our ability to understand the effect of a city's built environment on social and economic outcomes has been limited by the lack of quantitative data on urban perception. Here, we build on the intuition that inequality is partly conspicuous to create quantitative measure of a city's contrasts. Using thousands of geo-tagged images, we measure the perception of safety, class and uniqueness; in the cities of Boston and New York in the United States, and Linz and Salzburg in Austria, finding that the range of perceptions elicited by the images of New York and Boston is larger than the range of perceptions elicited by images from Linz and Salzburg. We interpret this as evidence that the cityscapes of Boston and New York are more contrasting, or unequal, than those of Linz and Salzburg. Finally, we validate our measures by exploring the connection between them and homicides, finding a significant correlation between the perceptions of safety and class and the number of homicides in a NYC zip code, after controlling for the effects of income, population, area and age. Our results show that online images can be used to create reproducible quantitative measures of urban perception and characterize the inequality of different cities.
Journal Article
The Memory Factory
The Memory Factory introduces an eng-speaking public to the significant women artists of Vienna at the turn of the twentieth century, each chosen for her aesthetic innovations and participation in public exhibitions. These women played important public roles as exhibiting artists, both individually and in collectives, but this history has been silenced over time. Their stories show that the city of Vienna was contradictory and cosmopolitan: despite men-only policies in its main art institutions, it offered a myriad of unexpected ways for women artists to forge successful public careers. Women artists came from the provinces, Russia, and Germany to participate in its vibrant art scene. However, and especially because so many of the artists were Jewish, their contributions were actively obscured beginning in the late 1930s. Many had to flee Austria, losing their studios and lifework in the process. Some were killed in concentration camps. Along with the stories of individual women artists, the author reconstructs the history of separate women artists’ associations and their exhibitions. Chapters covering the careers of Tina Blau, Elena Luksch-Makowsky, Helene Funke, and Teresa Ries (among others) point to a more integrated and cosmopolitan art world than previously thought; one where women became part of the avant-garde, accepted and even highlighted in major exhibitions at the Secession and with the Klimt group. “This is an excellent addition to the literature on fin-de-siècle Vienna, well-researched and well-argued. It highlights little-known artists and situates them in a novel interpretation of women’s roles in the art world. The author challenges dominant tropes of feminist historiography and thus sheds new light on twentieth-century art history and historiography,” Michael Gubser, James Madison University.
eBook
A Longitudinal Seroprevalence Study Evaluating Infection Control and Prevention Strategies at a Large Tertiary Care Center with Low COVID-19 Incidence
Personal protective equipment and adherence to disinfection protocols are essential to prevent nosocomial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. Here, we evaluated infection control measures in a prospective longitudinal single-center study at the Vienna General Hospital, the biggest tertiary care center in Austria, with a structurally planned low SARS-CoV-2 exposure. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were assessed by Abbott ARCHITECT chemiluminescent assay (CLIA) in 599 health care workers (HCWs) at the start of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in early April and two months later. Neutralization assay confirmed CLIA-positive samples. A structured questionnaire was completed at both visits assessing demographic parameters, family situation, travel history, occupational coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exposure, and personal protective equipment handling. At the first visit, 6 of 599 participants (1%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. The seroprevalence increased to 1.5% (8/553) at the second visit and did not differ depending on the working environment. Unprotected SARS-CoV-2 exposure (p = 0.003), positively tested family members (p = 0.04), and travel history (p = 0.09) were more frequently reported by positively tested HCWs. Odds for COVID-19 related symptoms were highest for congestion or runny nose (p = 0.002) and altered taste or smell (p < 0.001). In conclusion, prevention strategies proved feasible in reducing the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from patients and among HCWs in a low incidence hospital, not exceeding the one described in the general population.
Journal Article