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"Architecture, Ottoman"
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The Dimensions of the Two Remaining Türbes in Ottoman Hungary: Contributions to the Methods of Ottoman Construction Practices in the Sixteenth Century
Despite the fact that during the sixteenth century, the so-called golden age of classical Ottoman architecture, thousands of significant buildings were constructed, the methods of designing in the classical Ottoman period still raises several unanswered questions. The present paper surveys some features of classical Ottoman designs, the types of drawing documents used by the craftsmen, and the operation of the architectural institutions. By outlining the dimensions of a specific group of commemorative buildings, the mausolea or türbes erected in Ottoman Hungary, this article aims at providing historical contributions to the evaluation and construction methods of the remaining examples of this building type in Hungary. For this reason, the dimensions of the Türbe of Gül Baba and the Türbe of Idris Baba, the two Shrines in Hungary that still stand, will be investigated.
Journal Article
Examples of Alam 19ᵗʰ-Century Ottoman Architecture Found in Suriçi
The alams [finials] placed on the tops of qubba, vaults, and cones used as roofs in traditional architecture developed in accordance with the architecture of the period in which they were built. The alam, whose use in Turkish art dates back to pre-Islamic times, appears to have been used for the first time in Turkish and Islamic architecture during the KaraKhanid Khanate. The alams made of marble and metal materials continued to develop in Anatolia with the Seljuks and Principalities. During the Ottoman period, the alams reached their peak with the examples in Istanbul and became the complementary and indispensable element on top of the qubba. In the early Ottoman architecture in Istanbul, alams with a crescent shape atop were generally preferred. The appearance of these alams also changed alongside the changes in the style of architectural structures. Under the influence of the Baroque style in the 18th century, the points of the crescent alams were bent outwards and began to turn into a design reminiscent of a horn shape. The Ottoman style, especially during the reign of Sultan Mahmud II, affected the alams in the 19th century. In addition, designs involving a crescent and radial arrangement were used together with the crescent and star in this period. The status of the person who had the structure built, the increase in foreign influences in architecture, and the absence of a certain unity of style unity can be said to have been effective in the choice of alam. This effect enabled alams to be made in the same period in different styles. This study focuses on the alams of 14 different structures belonging to the 19th century that are representative of different styles; examines the designs, materials, and techniques; and has determined the presence of a stylistic unity between the buildings and their alams.
Journal Article
Unimplemented Project: Konya Telegraph and Post Office Building
An institution that underwent radical change during the Tanzimat era was the postal organization. Following the reform process that started during the reign of Mahmud II, the modernization process of the postal services accelerated in the late 19th century. On the one hand, the administrative structure to provide postal and telegraphic services was established, and on the other hand, the process of building the physical space where these services would be provided was initiated. In this context, many post office buildings were constructed in the Ottoman Empire. However, some post office buildings remained only projects and did not have a chance to be built. The telegraph and post office building planned for Konya is one of these projects. The project files and the survey book of the building in the Ottoman Archives provide details about the construction process and the architectural character of the building. These details include the reasons why the building could not be built and the architectural character of the planned building. In this context, the Konya Telegraph and Post Office Building is not only a unique example of a post office building whose details and distribution have not yet been fully researched, but also a remarkable example in terms of revealing the perspective of the central and local administrations in the construction phases of the period.Based on the letters between Konya Province, the Ministry of Post and Telegraph and the Ministry of Interior, this study examines the construction stages, the exploration book and the architectural projects of the telegraph and post building that was to be built in the center of Konya. Considering these documents, the architectural details of the building and the details of the construction process are revealed.
Journal Article
A Research on Mosque and Neighborhood in Rhodes City in the Ottoman Period
Having a history of about 3000 years, Rhodes was taken from the Knights of Saint-Jean in 1522 and came under the rule of the Ottoman Empire. During this period, after the Ottoman Empire besieged the island, it primarily repaired the city walls and settled in a walled city. Later, the Ottoman Empire re-functionalized many buildings belonging to the Byzantine and Knights period. Churches are at the top of these structures. During the Ottoman period, these buildings were converted into mosques, masjids, or schools. In addition, many new buildings were built. Again, mosques and masjids are at the top of this building group. Within the scope of this research, first, the architectural features of all the masjids and mosques in the Rhodes city wall region during the Ottoman period were examined, then the plans and sections of these structures were compiled and catalogued. In addition, the locations of all these buildings are shown on the Rhodes map. In the second section of the study, the neighborhood names of the city of Rhodes were obtained from the census data of 1831, and theseneighborhood names and religious structures were matched. Thus, a new map showing the neighborhood locations and possible boundaries of the city was produced and an interpretation was made on the appearance of Rhodes during the Ottoman period. In this direction, the study aims to contribute to the literature of architectural history, both as a catalogue study in which all mosques and masjids on the island of Rhodes during the Ottoman period are compiled and as research that examines the relationship between mosques and neighborhoods in Ottoman cities.
Journal Article
Ottoman Baroque : the architectural refashioning of eighteenth-century Istanbul
A new approach to late Ottoman visual culture and its relationship with the West.
Book
On Chief Architect Kasim Agha and his Waqf
In the architectural environment of the 17th century, where the relations between art and politics were intertwined, one of the most striking people was Architect Kasim Agha. Kasim Agha, who participated in palace intrigues rather than architecture and established relations with political figures such as the queen mother, grand vizier, and sultan’s hodja, played a role in 17th-century Ottoman political life with his efforts to bring Köprülü Mehmed Pasha to the grand vizierate. Kasim Agha, who left the chief architect in 1651 and became the kethüda (chamberlain) of Turhan Sultan, found a place in the Ottoman chronicles due to her political relations. However, he is among the important architectbuilders of the century, within the framework of the financial power he acquired, as he built a darülhadis in Istanbul and built complexes, fountains, inns, bridges, and waterways in the Balkans. The study focuses mainly on his waqf dated 1641, and in addition to the structures he built, the architect’s origin, his mansion, his family members, his architecture, and his political struggles are examined. In the study, which is based on Kasim Agha’s waqf, Ottoman archive documents, Ottoman chronicles, and kadi registers, Kasim Agha’s life was tried to be illuminated in various aspects.
Journal Article