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"Architecture, Roman"
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Monumentality in Etruscan and Early Roman Architecture
Experts explore what factors drove the emergence of scale as a defining element in ancient Italian architecture, and how these factors influenced the origins and development of Etruscan and early Roman monumental designs.
eBook
Roman architecture
The story of Roman architecture, from early Rome to the late empire. A book that casts new light not only on many familiar monuments of the city of Rome, but also on less well-known examples from across the Roman empire.
Book
A Re-Examination of the Sources of Inspiration of Ethiopian Concentric Prayer Houses: Tracing an Architectural Concept from the Roman and Byzantine East to Islamic and Crusader Jerusalem to Solomonic Ethiopia
During the first millennium of Christian presence in Ethiopia (from the fourth century), church architecture was first in accordance with, and later partially based on, the basilica plan. Circa the early sixteenth century, a new and unique church plan appeared, circular, concentric, and with a square sanctuary, and became the dominant church plan in the northwestern Ethiopian Highlands. This church plan has been referred to in scholarship as an innovation, and its sources of inspiration have not yet been definitively established. In this article, I will argue that this plan is a culmination of a process with roots in the Late Antique and Medieval Holy Land, by which the concentric prayer house plan came to be associated with the Jerusalem Temple. This process transcended religious boundaries and is expressed in the religious architecture of three monotheistic religious traditions.
Journal Article
Architecture, Engineering and Building Science: The Contemporary Relevance of Vitruvius’s De Architectura
Conferences worldwide focus on a range of disciplines relating to the construction of the built environment. They tend to emphasize either the art or the science of building, the former focusing on architectural theory and design while the latter targets a range of topics from civil and/or building engineering to building physics. Vitruvius’s De Architectura Libri Decem is a seminal treatise more than two millennia old which addresses these themes in a holistic manner. This text remains valid today for students and professionals engaged in architecture and building engineering. Translated as Ten Books on Architecture, it not only presents an overall view of the disciplines of town planning, architecture and civil engineering, along with the qualifications required to practice them, but also addresses building materials, civil-engineering structures and the science influencing buildings. Although grounded in the practice and technology of Ancient Rome, the principles put forward in this treatise are still valid nowadays for effective, sustainable architectural-engineering design based on rigorous education and good knowledge of building materials and construction. Vitruvius’s definition of architecture—the one still customarily used—is an inclusive philosophical statement on the essence of building for humanity to house humanity. It recalls the symbiotic relation between architecture and building engineering that is often forgotten in the contemporary emphasis on specialization.
Journal Article
Settling in a Changing World
This study presents an in-depth analysis of the developments in rural habitation in the northern provinces of the Roman Empire. Adopting a social-spatial approach that transcends traditional villa studies, the author surveys long-term trajectories in the organisation of settlement space and house building. The study is based on data from the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and France. Given its broad geographical and chronological framework, the work sheds new light on both local and regional patterns, showcasing the well-known stone villa as part of a broader and more complex development.
Drawing on archaeological and social theories, Habermehl explores the reconstructed developments from social and economic perspectives. People are regarded as active and creative agents. Why did they change their direct living environments, why did they break with traditions? With its focus on development, this study offers a new, broad overview and a new interpretation of the well-known phenomenon of the Roman villa.
eBook
Unbound from Rome : art and craft in a fluid landscape, ca. 650-250 BCE
Roman art and architecture is typically understood as being bound in some ways to a political event or as a series of aesthetic choices and experiences stemming from a centre in Rome itself. Moving beyond the misleading catchall label 'Roman', John North Hopkins aims to untangle the many peoples whose diverse cultures and traditions contributed to Rome's visual culture over a four-hundred-year time span across the first millennium BCE. Hopkins carefully reconsiders some of the period's most iconic works by way of the many practices and peoples bound up with them. Some of these include the extraordinary and complex effort to build the Temple of Jupiter; the creative actions and diverse encounters tied to luxury objects like the Ficoroni Cista; and the important meanings held by sacred temple sculpture and votive offerings through their making and subsequent practices of devotion.
Book
The Roman Villa at Maasbracht
In the Dutch archaeological community, the Roman Villa of Maasbracht has become famous for the beautiful remains of murals that have survived to this day. Almost all of this material was found in the infill of the stone cellar, a veritable time capsule that has been excavated with much patience and care. The first field campaign in 1981 consisted of some four trial trenches excavated by members of the local archaeological society. These yielded amongst others foundation trenches of walls and floors of mortar and rubble from the Roman period. This was in 1982 cause for the State Service for Archaeological Research to join forces and to begin a full scale excavation covering 0.8 ha. The most important result was the uncovering of a stone main building of a Roman villa complex. After the excavations, the villa has been left on the shelf as one of the investigations of interest from Roman times with the prospect of one day being further analysed. The opportunity at last presented itself and this has resulted in the present volume. The names of the chapters are self-explanatory: settlement traces and structures, pottery, the building material, the wall painting fragments, animal remains and bone artefacts, glass and jet, the metalwork and of course a synthesis. The part of the book that appeals most to the imagination is of course the chapter on the wall paintings, beautifully illustrated with 58 colour figures.
eBook