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Background Asian immigrants can experience health disparities and inequities due to language barriers and the limited availability of culturally appropriate services. Dementia education is needed to combat dementia misperceptions and promote help‐seeking. This scoping review describes the characteristics and impacts of community‐based dementia education programs for large East and Southeast Asian immigrant groups worldwide, including Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, and Vietnamese communities. Methods Publications in the English language from the last two decades were identified through a database search of Scopus, CINAHL Plus, PsycInfo, Embase, and OVID (MEDLINE and Emcare). We included education programs for community‐dwelling Asian adults and people with dementia and their carers. Studies conducted in both the immigrant origin and destination countries were included as education programs in both contexts might address shared health beliefs and practices. Educational programs for clinical workforces or professional development were excluded, given that workforce building is the focus of this review. Results The search identified 3,431 publications. Twenty‐seven articles (17 in Asian countries, 8 in the USA, 2 in Australia, n = 10‐4,333) met the inclusion criteria: 12 for community members, and 15 for carers. Six involved people living with dementia or carers in program design. Programs for community members were delivered via group meetings in‐person or online, as well as with YouTube videos and virtual reality experiences. Two publications addressed cultural beliefs towards aging and dementia. Many educational programs for community members demonstrated improvement in health literacy. Dementia education programs for carers tended to be structured. Two of the 15 carer programs involved cultural adaptation. Carer programs reduced carer burden, improving skills and self‐efficacy. Most programs were conducted with Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese populations, one included Filipino community members, and no carer programs involved Filipino carers. Conclusions Educational programs can be successful, but need more cultural specificity, and most were at the pilot‐testing stage. Publications on programs for Filipino communities were scarce compared to other Asian communities. Future reviews should include publications that are not in English and those on South Asian immigrants.

Intermarriage among ethnic groups belonging to the same panethnic category (e.g., Asian, Latino) is an important indicator of the strength of panethnicity. Yet, most of the research on panethnic intermarriage uses older samples with significant data limitations. In this article, I use data on recently married couples from the 2014–2018 American Community Surveys and the 1980 U.S. Census to analyze the likelihood of ethnic exogamy within the panethnic categories of Latino, East/Southeast Asian, and South Asian. I utilize a counterfactual marriage model that accounts for group size within local marriage markets, eliminates immigrants married abroad from analysis, and controls for birthplace and language endogamy. The results show that birthplace and language diversity are significant barriers to ethnic exogamy among Asians but not Latinos. Once birthplace and language endogamy are held constant, panethnic intermarriage is far more likely among Asians than among Latinos. East/Southeast Asian ethnic exogamy has increased over time, while Latino ethnic exogamy has not. Furthermore, East/Southeast Asian and South Asian intermarriage remains rare, suggesting that panethnic intermarriage among Asians occurs within two separate melting pots.

Objectives To assess the racial and sociodemographic distribution of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake in Canada, identify disparities, and evaluate the potential predictors and barriers to CRC screening. Methods Data from the 2017 cycle of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) were analyzed, focusing on individuals aged 50–74 years. CRC screening participation rates were evaluated at both national and provincial levels and across various sociodemographic characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to identify predictors and barriers to CRC screening. Results Of the 56,950 respondents to the 2017 CCHS, 41.7% ( n  = 23,727) were between 50 and 74 years of age. The overall CRC screening participation rate was 59.8%, with provinces like Alberta and Manitoba achieving rates of 65.7% and 66.5%, respectively. Significant disparities were observed across socioeconomic, geographical, and racial or ethnic groups. Notably, older adults [AOR 2.41, 95% CI 2.06‒2.83], higher income earners [AOR 1.99, 95% CI 1.77‒2.24], and non-smokers [AOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.55‒2.0] had higher odds of screening, while immigrants and minority ethnic groups, especially South-East Asians [AOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29‒0.78] and South Asians [AOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44‒0.95], had lower odds of being up to date with CRC screening. A significant portion of unscreened individuals cited their healthcare provider’s perception of the test as unnecessary. Conclusion While there is promising progress in CRC screening participation rates across Canada, significant disparities persist. Addressing these disparities is crucial for public health. Efforts should focus on enhancing public awareness, facilitating accessibility, and ensuring cultural appropriateness of CRC screening initiatives.

Objectives. We investigated heterogeneity in ethnic composition and immigrant status among US Asians as an explanation for disparities in breast cancer survival. Methods. We enhanced data from the California Cancer Registry and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program through linkage and imputation to examine the effect of immigrant status, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and ethnic enclave on mortality among Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, South Asian, and Vietnamese women diagnosed with breast cancer from 1988 to 2005 and followed through 2007. Results. US-born women had similar mortality rates in all Asian ethnic groups except the Vietnamese, who had lower mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.1, 0.9). Except for Japanese women, all foreign-born women had higher mortality than did US-born Japanese, the reference group. HRs ranged from 1.4 (95% CI = 1.2, 1.7) among Koreans to 1.8 (95% CI = 1.5, 2.2) among South Asians and Vietnamese. Little of this variation was explained by differences in disease characteristics. Conclusions. Survival after breast cancer is poorer among foreign- than US-born Asians. Research on underlying factors is needed, along with increased awareness and targeted cancer control.

Immigration is a global phenomenon, yet comparatively few psychological investigations of anti-immigrant prejudice have been conducted in East Asia, a region of high economic growth that is set to become a leading destination for international migrants. Over two studies, we examined Singaporean attitudes towards four prominent immigrant groups: Chinese, Filipino, South Asian, and Western immigrants. Each immigrant group was found to be associated with a unique attitudinal profile. Chinese immigrants, who are culturally the most closely related to most Singaporeans, were viewed the most negatively in terms of prejudice, stereotyped warmth, and realistic and symbolic threat. Westerners were viewed the most positively despite higher ratings of perceived competence, possibly due to Western cultural influence, whereas South Asians and Filipinos were viewed as being relatively unthreatening, possibly due to their occupation of undesirable social roles. Perceived threat—both realistic and symbolic—proved to be stronger predictors of anti-immigrant prejudice than stereotypes. Implications for immigration policy in the region are discussed.

Objectives. We examined the association of racial discrimination and limited English proficiency with health-related quality of life among Asian Americans in California. Methods. We studied Chinese (n = 2576), Filipino (n = 1426), Japanese (n = 833), Korean (n = 1128), South Asian (n = 822), and Vietnamese (n = 938) respondents to the California Health Interview Survey in 2003 and 2005. We assessed health-related quality of life with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's measures of self-rated health, activity limitation days, and unhealthy days. Results. Overall, Asians who reported racial discrimination or who had limited English proficiency were more likely to have poor quality of life, after adjustment for demographic characteristics. South Asian participants who reported discrimination had an estimated 14.4 more activity limitation days annually than South Asians who did not report discrimination. Results were similar among other groups. We observed similar but less consistent associations for limited English proficiency. Conclusions. Racial discrimination, and to a lesser extent limited English proficiency, appear to be key correlates of quality of life among Asian ethnic groups.

Hong Kong (a special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China) is promoted as “Asia’s World City” due to its interconnectivity, East-meets-West geopolitical orientation, and composition of migrants from both Asian and non-Asian countries. Hong Kong-based scholars have suggested that Hong Kong’s policy towards the social inclusion of non-Chinese communities is ambiguous. For example, the Race Discrimination Ordinance (RDO) lacks an informative description of racial discrimination, which may lead to shortcomings in ethnic minority protections under the current social policy for integration (e.g., ethnic minorities’ experiences related to religious discrimination). Most of the non-White ethnic minority population of Hong Kong consists of low-income South Asians and Southeast Asians, with some ethnic groups (e.g., Nepalese) reported to reside in socially segregated districts. Furthermore, scholars have highlighted that current social policy in Hong Kong appears to be partially or completely different from Western-based approaches to multiculturalism, necessitating further examination to promote social inclusion. To fill this gap, this study explores the perspectives of Chinese and non-Chinese individuals regarding multiculturalism in Hong Kong. The study adopts a qualitative research design and includes interviews with twenty ethnically Chinese and non-Chinese teachers serving minorities in Hong Kong. Three themes emerge in this study: 1) a general understanding of multiculturalism as diverse cultural/ethnic backgrounds, mutual understanding and acceptance, and inclusive social harmony and social justice; 2) perceptions of Hong Kong-based multiculturalism and the perceived hierarchy of ethnic groups; and 3) the main differences between Western and Hong Kong-based multiculturalism, including more acceptance of diversity in the West and geographic location. In sum, this study provides recommendations to ensure a respectful and ethical inclusion of non-White ethnic minorities in Hong Kong, such as developing a tailor-made policy.

Objective: This study investigates racial and ethnic variations in patterns of leaving the parental home, focusing on differences among Asian Americans. Background: Leaving the parental home, considered an important marker of the transition to adulthood, has become more complex for young adults. Asian American young adults are often treated as a monolithic group in studies of residential independence despite ethnic variation in socioeconomic status. Method: Using nationally representative data on high school seniors (Education Longitudinal Study of 2002; n = 10,770), binary logistic regression models compare the odds of leaving the parental home by age 20 and by 26 among East Asians, Southeast Asians, South Asians, Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics. In addition, the following four patterns of residential independence are identified based on living arrangements between the two ages: early fliers, stayers, returners, and later fliers. Multinomial logistic regression models compare the odds of experiencing each pattern by race/ethnicity. Results: There is variation among Asian Americans in family socioeconomic status and cultural orientations toward familism. Multivariate analyses reveal that East Asian young adults are consistently more likely to attain residential independence compared to Southeast Asians and South Asians. Family socioeconomic status and cultural factors explain some but not all of the remaining differences among Asian Americans. Conclusion: Findings highlight the need to consider racial and ethnic diversity and the role of family resources and cultural factors in the transition to adulthood.

ObjectivesDespite the high prevalence of mental disorders among youth (age 12 to 17) and emerging adults (age 18 to 24), few receive mental health (MH) services. Using a cross-sectional study design, we examined population characteristics associated with MH service use in this age group from 2011 to 2016.MethodsData were from six cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2011–2016). Population characteristics associated with service use were analyzed using logistic regression models for each year. Changes in odds ratios over time were used to examine trends.ResultsPresence of a mood or anxiety disorder had the largest magnitude of association on MH service use in every year. Trends suggested an increased association size between self-rated MH status and service use; lower self-rated MH was associated with a 62% increase in odds of service use in 2011 and an 83% increase in 2016. Being female was associated with increased odds of MH service use (range: 59–107%). Compared with white respondents, individuals who were East and Southeast Asian or South Asian had decreased odds of MH service use. While the association size varied for South Asians, there was a trend toward decreasing likelihood of accessing care (55% decreased odds in 2011, 74% in 2016) for East and Southeast Asians.ConclusionTrends suggest changes in population characteristics associated with access to MH care (e.g., self-rated MH status) as well as persistent inequity in MH service use in Canada for males and individuals from Asian ethnic groups.

In both Canada and the United States, immigrants often experience different residential outcomes than non-immigrants. Previous research often attributes these differences to differential treatment in either the labour market or the housing market. We adopt a unique approach in this paper, comparing the behavior of racial groups in Canada and the United States, two countries with large non-white immigrant populations, and distinct housing and labour markets. We examine the role that factors such as immigration status, ethnic group, and housing costs play in differentiating the housing careers of White, South Asian, Black, Latin American, Filipino, and Chinese immigrants from their White native-born counterparts. We find that immigrants often converge upon the native-born in both countries, and that the differences between countries are not nearly as stark as the differences between groups.