Explore the vast range of titles available.

Purpose This study presents a method to measure the size of quadriceps, patellar tendon and hamstring autografts using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Sixty-two subjects with a mean age of 25 ± 10 years who underwent ACL surgery between 2011 and 2014 were included. Patient anthropometric data were recorded for all subjects. During surgery, the respective autograft was harvested and measured using commercially available graft sizers. MRI measurements were performed by two raters, who were blinded to the intra-operative measurements. Results The inter- and intra-rater reliability was ≥0.8 for all MRI measurements. The intra-class correlation coefficient between the MRI measurement of the graft and the actual size of the harvested graft was 0.639. There were significant correlations between quadriceps tendon thickness and height ( r  = 0.3, p  < 0.03), weight ( r  = 0.3, p  < 0.01), BMI ( r  = 0.3, p  < 0.04) and gender ( r  = −0.4, p  < 0.002) and patellar tendon thickness and height ( r  = 0.4, p  < 0.01), weight ( r  = 0.3, p  < 0.01) and gender ( r  = −0.4, p  < 0.012). Conclusion Preoperative MRI measurements of quadriceps, patellar tendon and hamstring graft size are highly reliable with moderate-to-good accuracy. Significant correlations between patient anthropometric data and the thicknesses of the quadriceps and patellar tendons were observed. Obtaining this information can be useful for preoperative planning and to help counsel patients on appropriate graft choices prior to surgery. Level of evidence III.

Purpose The risk of graft failure after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions with hamstring or patellar tendon was evaluated in a French population of athletes. Methods Athletes who had undergone ACL autograft reconstruction and who received rehabilitation care at the European Center for Sports Rehabilitation (CERS; Capbreton, France) were screened for this prospective cohort study. Eligibility criteria included a simple hamstring autograft or patellar tendon autograft surgical technique. Patients were contacted by phone to participate in follow-up during the second year after surgery. The primary endpoint was the graft failure frequency, evaluated with a multivariate logistic model with adjustment for baseline patient characteristics. The secondary endpoint was time to graft failure, analyzed by an adjusted Cox model. Results A total of 2424 athletes were included after having a hamstring autograft (semitendinosus and gracilis) or a patellar tendon autograft between 2011 and 2014. Of the 988 athletes who responded to a follow-up phone call (40.7% response rate), 33 were excluded for new contralateral ACL rupture (3.3%), with 955 included for analysis (713 hamstring autografts; 242 patellar-tendon autografts). There were no significant differences between the baseline characteristics of the patients analyzed and the population which did not respond to the questionnaire. A significant difference in the frequency of graft failure was seen, 6.5% for hamstring autografts vs 2.1% for patellar-tendon autografts [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.64, 95% CI (1.55; 10.67); p  = 0.007]. Mean time to graft failure was 10.7 vs 17.4 months for hamstring and patellar-tendon autografts respectively [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 3.50, 95% CI (1.53; 10.11); p  = 0.008]. Age less than 25 years significantly increased the frequency of graft failure [adjusted OR = 3.85 (1.89; 8.72); p  < 0.001]. The rate of patients returning to competitive sport after the first graft was not significantly different for the two techniques: 70.8% for hamstring and 77.8% for patellar tendon [adjusted OR = 0.718; 95% CI (0.50; 1.02)]. Conclusions Graft failure is significantly more frequent after hamstring than patellar tendon autografts in a French population, despite similar rates of return to competition. Athletes aged less than 25 years have a higher risk of failure than those aged ≥ 25 years. Our results are in accordance with recent Scandinavian studies. Level of evidence II.

Background: This study was designed to assess the clinical effect of bone marrow mononuclear cells including mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in sports and often require surgical intervention, e.g., ACL reconstruction (ACLR), aimed at restoring knee stability and enabling a return to pre-injury activity levels. The choice of graft is crucial, impacting biomechanical properties, clinical outcomes, and complication rates, and is especially important in revision surgeries after graft failure. Over the past 30 years, trends in graft selection have evolved towards more individualized approaches, considering factors such as patient activity level, prior injuries, and tissue availability. In Europe, autografts like hamstring tendon (HT), bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTB), and quadriceps tendon (QT) are preferred, with the increasing use of QT grafts. This review synthesizes the current literature on graft selection and its influence on ACLR outcomes.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an established procedure for many acquired and congenital disorders of the hematopoietic system. A record number of 42 171 HSCT in 37 626 patients (16 030 allogeneic (43%), 21 596 autologous (57%)) were reported by 655 centers in 48 countries in 2015. Trends include continued growth in transplant activity over the last decade, with the highest percentage increase seen in middle-income countries but the highest absolute growth in the very-high-income countries in Europe. Main indications for HSCT were myeloid malignancies 9413 (25%; 96% allogeneic), lymphoid malignancies 24 304 (67%; 20% allogeneic), solid tumors 1516 (4%; 3% allogeneic) and non-malignant disorders 2208 (6%; 90% allogeneic). Remarkable is the decreasing use of allogeneic HSCT for CLL from 504 patients in 2011 to 255 in 2015, most likely to be due to new drugs. Use of haploidentical donors for allogeneic HSCT continues to grow: 2012 in 2015, a 291% increase since 2005. Growth is seen for all diseases. In AML, haploidentical HSCT increases similarly for patients with advanced disease and for those in CR1. Both marrow and peripheral blood are used as the stem cell source for haploidentical HSCT with higher numbers reported for the latter.

Limited magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data on autograft dilatation following the Ross procedure in congenital cohorts presents challenges in understanding its evolution and impact on clinical outcomes. This study, spanning from February 2003 to December 2022, included patients under 40 years at the time of the Ross procedure, with MRI follow-ups assessing dimensions at key aortic sites. Among 307 patients, 132 MRIs were analyzed from 76 individuals, revealing that autograft z-scores increase primarily with time post-procedure (Coef. 0.13; 95% CI:0.051–0.216; P = 0.002). Additionally, older patients at the time of surgery showed larger ascending aortic dimensions (Coef. 0.13; 95% CI:0.099–0.165; P = 0.001). Notably, autograft dilation at the sinus of Valsalva significantly predicted higher reintervention risks (HR 1.57; 95% CI:1.21–2.04; P = 0.001). Surgical reinforcement techniques of the autograft, via subcoronary implantation or external support, prevented such dilation (P < 0.001) and mitigated aortic regurgitation. In conclusion, our model predicted autograft dilation over time in patients after Ross procedure, aiding clinicians in making data-driven decisions regarding the optimal timing of the procedure and the selection of the most effective surgical strategy.

Purpose To perform a meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating donor site morbidity after bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB), hamstring tendon (HT) and quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft harvest for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Methods PubMed, OVID/Medline and Cochrane databases were queried in July 2022. All level one articles reporting the frequency of specific donor-site morbidity were included. Frequentist model network meta-analyses with P -scores were conducted to compare the prevalence of donor-site morbidity, complications, all-cause reoperations and revision ACLR among the three treatment groups. Results Twenty-one RCTs comprising the outcomes of 1726 patients were included. The overall pooled rate of donor-site morbidity (defined as anterior knee pain, difficulty/impossibility kneeling, or combination) was 47.3% (range, 3.8–86.7%). A 69% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.18–0.56) and 88% (95% CI: 0.04–0.33) lower odds of incurring donor-site morbidity was observed with HT and QT autografts, respectively ( p  < 0.0001, both), when compared to BTB autograft . QT autograft was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in donor-site morbidity compared with HT autograft (OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.14–1.03, n.s.). Treatment rankings (ordered from best-to-worst autograft choice with respect to donor-site morbidity) were as follows: (1) QT ( P -score = 0.99), (2) HT ( P -score = 0.51) and (3) BTB ( P -score = 0.00). No statistically significant associations were observed between autograft and complications (n.s.), reoperations (n.s.) or revision ACLR (n.s.). Conclusion ACLR using HT and QT autograft tissue was associated with a significant reduction in donor-site morbidity compared to BTB autograft. Autograft selection was not associated with complications, all-cause reoperations, or revision ACLR. Based on the current data, there is sufficient evidence to recommend that autograft selection should be personalized through considering differential rates of donor-site morbidity in the context of patient expectations and activity level without concern for a clinically important change in the rate of adverse events. Level of evidence Level I.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in the patient-reported functional outcomes, and graft failure in revision ACL reconstruction using quadriceps tendon (QT), Hamstring tendon (HT) and bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) autografts. Methods Between 2010 and 2020, 97 patients who underwent revision ACL reconstruction (40 patients received a QT, 26 an HT and 31 a BPTB graft) met the inclusion criteria. Pre-injury and at 2-year postoperatively patients were evaluated for patient-reported functional outcomes; Lysholm knee score, Tegner activity level and VAS (visual analogue scale) for pain; and graft failure. Patient-reported outcomes and graft failure were compared between the QT, HT and BPTB groups. The patients with graft failure were not included for outcome analysis at 2-years of follow-up. Results All three revision groups with QT, HT and BPTB autograft did not differ significantly in terms of age, sex, time from injury to surgery, concomitant injuries and single-stage or double-stage procedures (n.s.). No significant difference was found in the pre-injury patient-reported outcome; Lysholm knee score, Tegner activity and VAS for pain (n.s.) between the three groups. At the 2-year follow-up functional outcomes improved in all three groups and all the patients returned to pre-injury activity level; however, no significant difference was found in functional outcomes at the 2-year follow-up between the three groups (n.s.). Graft failure occurred in 4 (10%), 5 (19%) and 3 (10%) patients of QT, HT and BPTB groups, respectively. However, the rate of failure did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion All three autografts (QT, HT and BPTB) demonstrated satisfactory patient-reported outcomes in revision ACL reconstruction. Compared with QT and BPTB grafts, HT graft showed a higher tendency for failure rates. With the increasing incidence of revision ACL reconstruction, surgeons should be aware of all the available graft options. The findings of this study will assist the surgeons in the graft selection for revision ACL reconstruction. Level of evidence Level III.

Purpose To compare patient reported outcomes and functional knee recovery following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using either a quadriceps tendon (QT) or hamstring tendon (HT) autograft. Methods Thirty-five QT patients (age 20; range 15–34 years) participated in this study and were matched for gender, age and pre-injury activity level to 70 HT (age 20; range 15–32 years) patients. The following assessments were performed at 6 and 12 months post-operatively; standardized patient-reported outcome measures (IKDC, KOOS-QOL, ACL-RSI, Marx activity, anterior knee pain), knee range of motion (passive and active), anterior knee laxity, hop tests (single and triple crossover hop for distance), and isokinetic strength of the knee extensors and flexors. All dependent variables were analysed using a two-way mixed ANOVA model, with within (Time; 6 and 12 months) and between-subject (Graft; QT and HT) factors. Results Patient reported outcome measures and hop performance improved between 6 and 12 months ( p  < 0.001), however no significant differences in either patient-reported outcomes or hop performance were found between the two grafts. Isokinetic strength testing showed both groups improved their peak knee extensor strength in the operated limb between 6 and 12 months ( p  < 0.001), but the QT group had significantly lower knee extensor strength symmetry at both time points compared to HT at 60 deg/s ( p  < 0.001) and 180 deg/s ( p  < 0.01). In contrast, the QT group had significantly greater knee flexor strength symmetry at both time points compared to HT at 60 deg/s ( p  < 0.01) and 180 deg/s ( p  = 0.01), but knee flexor strength limb symmetry did not significantly improve over time in either group. Conclusion Recovery of knee function following either QT or HT ACL reconstruction continues between 6 and 12 months after surgery. However, knee extensor strength deficits in the QT group and knee flexor strength deficits in the HT persisted at 12 months. This may have implications for decisions regarding return to sport. Level of evidence III.

Purpose Following posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) rupture, autografts and allografts are routinely used for its reconstruction. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of allografts for primary PCL reconstruction, comparing them to autografts in terms of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), functional tests, and complications. Methods This study followed the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase, and Scopus were accessed in October 2022. All the clinical studies investigating the outcomes of primary PCL reconstruction using allografts, or comparing the outcomes of allografts versus autografts, were accessed. The outcomes of interests were: instrumental laxity, range of motion (ROM), Telos stress radiography, drawer test, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Tegner Activity Scale, and the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale. Data on complications were also recorded. Results A total of 445 patients were included. The mean follow-up was 45.2 ± 23.8 months. The mean age of the patients was 30.6 ± 2.2 years. The time span between the injury and surgical intervention was 12.9 ± 10 months. Overall, 28% (125 of 445 patients) were women. Good baseline comparability was found between the two cohorts. No difference was found in terms of Lysholm Score, ROM, Tegner Scale, IKDC, arthrometer laxity, drawer test, and Telos stress radiography. No difference was found in the rates of anterior knee pain and revision. Conclusion Allografts can be considered a suitable alternative to autografts for PCL reconstruction. Level of evidence III.