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"Autonomy (Philosophy)"
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Between utopia and dystopia
The figure of the intellectual looms large in modern history, and yet his or her social place has always been full of ambiguity and ironies. Between Utopia and Dystopia is a study of the movement that created the identity of the universal intellectual: Erasmian humanism. Focusing on the writings of Erasmus and Thomas More, Hanan Yoran argues that, in contrast to other groups of humanists, Erasmus and the circle gathered around him generated the social space—the Erasmian Republic of Letters—that allowed them a considerable measure of independence. The identity of the autonomous intellectual enabled the Erasmian humanists to criticize established customs and institutions and to elaborate a reform program for Christendom. At the same time, however, the very notion of the universal intellectual presented a problem for the discourse of Erasmian humanism itself. It distanced the Erasmian humanists from concrete public activity and, as such, clashed with their commitment to the ideal of an active life. Furthermore, citizenship in the Republic of Letters threatened to lock the Erasmian humanists into a disembodied intellectual sphere, thus undermining their convictions concerning intellectual activity and the production of knowledge. Between Utopia and Dystopia will be of interest to scholars and students interested in Renaissance humanism, early modern intellectual and cultural history, and political thought. It also has much to contribute to debates over the identity, social place, and historical role of intellectuals.
eBook
Ideal Minds
Following the 1960s, that decade's focus on
consciousness-raising transformed into an array of intellectual
projects far afield of movement politics. The mind's powers came to
preoccupy a range of thinkers and writers: ethicists pursuing
contractual theories of justice, radical ecologists interested in
the paleolithic brain, seventies cultists, and the devout of both
evangelical and New Age persuasions. In Ideal Minds ,
Michael Trask presents a boldly revisionist argument about the
revival of subjectivity in postmodern American culture, connecting
familiar figures within the seventies intellectual landscape who
share a commitment to what he calls \"neo-idealism\" as a weapon in
the struggle against discredited materialist and behaviorist
worldviews.
In a heterodox intellectual and literary history of the 1970s,
Ideal Minds mixes ideas from cognitive science, philosophy
of mind, moral philosophy, deep ecology, political theory, science
fiction, neoclassical economics, and the sociology of religion.
Trask also delves into the decade's more esoteric branches of
learning, including Scientology, anarchist theory, rapture
prophesies, psychic channeling, and neo-Malthusianism. Through this
investigation, Trask argues that a dramatic inflation in the value
of consciousness and autonomy beginning in the 1970s accompanied a
growing argument about the state's inability to safeguard such
values. Ultimately, the thinkers Trask analyzes-John Rawls, Arne
Naess, L. Ron Hubbard, Hal Lindsey, Philip Dick, Ursula Le Guin,
Edward Abbey, William Burroughs, John Irving, and James
Merrill-found alternatives to statism in conditions that would lend
intellectual support to the consolidation of these concepts in the
radical free market ideologies of the 1980s.
eBook
Fiction Agonistes
In this path-breaking new work, Gregory Jusdanis asks why literature matters. Why are we afraid to admit our pleasures of reading, to defend the arts to the school board, to discuss the importance of literature in life? Drawing on a wealth of references from Aristophanes to Eudora Welty, from Fernando Pessoa to Orhan Pamuk, from Cavafy to hypertext stories, Jusdanis reminds us that the arts have always been under attack. Instead of despair, however, he offers a pragmatic defense of literature, arguing that it performs a social function in dramatizing the break between illusion and reality, life and the life-like, permanence and metamorphosis. The ability to distinguish between the actual and the imaginary is essential to human beings. Our capacity to imagine something new, to project ourselves into the mind of another person, and to fight for a new world is based on this distinction. Literature allows us to imagine alternate possibilities of human relationships and political institutions, even in the watery world of the Internet. At once daring and lucid, Fiction Agonistes considers the place of art today with passion and optimism.
eBook
Autonomy and Liberalism
This book concerns the foundations and implications of a particular form of liberal political theory. Colburn argues that one should see liberalism as a political theory committed to the value of autonomy, understood as consisting in an agent deciding for oneself what is valuable and living life in accordance with that decision. Understanding liberalism this way offers solutions to various problems that beset liberal political theory, on various levels. On the theoretical level, Colburn claims that this position is the only defensible theory of liberalism in current circulation, arguing that other more dominant theories are either self-contradictory or unattractive on closer inspection. And on the practical level, Colburn draws out the substantive commitments of this position in educational, economic, and social policy. Hence, the study provides a blueprint for a radical liberal political agenda which will be of interest to philosophers and to politicians alike.
Ben Colburn isJunior Research Fellow, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge and Affiliated Lecturer, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Cambridge.
1. Three Conceptions of Autonomy 2. A Theory of Autonomy 3. Autonomy and Anti-Perfectionism 4. Autonomy-minded Liberalism 5. Multicultural Liberalism
eBook
Against autonomy : justifying coercive paternalism
\"Since Mill's seminal work On Liberty, philosophers and political theorists have accepted that we should respect the decisions of individual agents when those decisions affect no one other than themselves. Indeed, to respect autonomy is often understood to be the chief way to bear witness to the intrinsic value of persons. In this book, Sarah Conly rejects the idea of autonomy as inviolable. Drawing on sources from behavioural economics and social psychology, she argues that we are so often irrational in making our decisions that our autonomous choices often undercut the achievement of our own goals. Thus in many cases it would advance our goals more effectively if government were to prevent us from acting in accordance with our decisions. Her argument challenges widely held views of moral agency, democratic values and the public/private distinction, and will interest readers in ethics, political philosophy, political theory and philosophy of law\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Whose autonomy support is more effective in promoting exercise adherence in higher vocational college students - based on self-determined theory
Objective
Based on the self-determination theory, the three types of autonomy support of parents, teachers and peers as a whole were included in the same research system to explore their effects on exercise adherence of higher vocational college students and their internal mechanisms.
Methods
The study used the exercise autonomy support scale, autonomous motivation scale and exercise adherence scale to construct and test the hypothesised pathways for promoting exercise adherence among students in higher vocational college. Using the data obtained from a survey of 436 higher vocational college students as the unit of analysis, and taking into account the variable of students’ self-determined motivation. The three types of autonomy support of parents, teachers and peers were simultaneously incorporated into the same research system to explore their effects on higher vocational college students’ exercise adherence and their internal mechanisms.
Results
Except for parent autonomy support, neither teacher nor peer autonomy support had a significant positive effect on exercise adherence of higher vocational college students. Unlike the role played by teacher autonomy support, neither parent nor peer autonomy support was able to positively predict exercise autonomous motivation among higher vocational college students.
Conclusion
Parent autonomy support can positively influence the exercise adherence of higher vocational college students, neither teacher nor peer autonomy support can significantly positively influence the exercise adherence of higher vocational college students. Teacher autonomy support can significantly and indirectly influence higher vocational college students’ exercise adherence through autonomous motivation, while parent and peer autonomy support cannot indirectly influence higher vocational college students’ exercise adherence through autonomous motivation.
Journal Article