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"Autumn Juvenile literature."
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It's fall
\"When the leaves start falling and days get colder, Fall is officially here. In this engaging fiction title, a relatable narrator and their friends and family show readers everything that makes Fall unique.\" -- Amazon.com.
Book
Seasonal Abundance and Size Structure of Sharks Taken in the Pelagic Longline Fishery off Northwestern Cuba
The Straits of Florida comprise an important migratory route for apex predators moving among the Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic Ocean, and Caribbean Sea. Off Cuba’s northwestern coast, various gear types are used by Cuban fishers, including small‐scale pelagic longlines. We report here the results of a 2011–2019 monitoring program for the longline fleet based in Cojímar, Cuba. This fleet comprises 134 small vessels targeting mostly swordfish (family Xiphiidae), billfishes (family Istiophoridae), tunas (family Scombridae), and sharks (class Chondrichthyes) within 20 km of Cuba’s coast. Most operations are nocturnal with 11–12‐h sets comprising an average of 56 hooks on 6,643 m of mainline. Five orders, eight families, and 18 species of sharks were documented in this fishery. Two carcharhinids (Silky Shark Carcharhinus falciformis and Oceanic Whitetip Shark C. longimanus) and two lamnids (Longfin Mako Isurus paucus and Shortfin Mako I. oxyrinchus) were the most abundant shark species caught, with shark CPUE averaging 1.98 sharks/trip (SD = 0.938). Catch abundance showed seasonal differences, with Silky Sharks and Longfin Makos more common in winter and Oceanic Whitetip Sharks more common in summer and autumn. Bimodal size structure in some species suggests multiple life stages utilizing the area, while the predominance of young sharks in species including the Oceanic Whitetip Shark suggests the importance of the area as juvenile habitat, possibly as a pupping and/or nursery ground. This characterization of the Cuban longline fishery is an important step forward for Cuba’s National Plan of Action for Sharks and demonstrates the potential impacts that small‐scale fisheries can have on vulnerable sharks.
Journal Article
What happens in fall?
\"Readers learn the basic science of fall and understand why the weather gets colder as the year goes on\"-- Publisher's website.
Book
Disturbance, competition, and herbivory effects on ragwort Senecio jacobaea populations
The balance of forces determining the successful control of ragwort Senecio jacobaea by introduced insects was investigated in a field experiment by manipulating the time of disturbance, the level of interspecific plant competition, and the level of herbivory by the cinnabar moth Tyria jacobaeae and the ragwort flea beetle Longitarsus jacobaeae. We used a factorial design containing 0.25-m^2 plots arranged as 4 Blocks x 2 Disturbance Time (plots were tilled in Fall 1986 or Spring 1987) x 3 Plant Competition levels (vegetation other than ragwort was Removed, Clipped, or Unaltered) x 2 Cinnabar Moth levels (Exposed, Protected) x 2 Flea Beetle levels (Exposed, protected). The response of ragwort was measured as colonization, survivorship, and reproduction of the first ragwort generation, establishment of juveniles in the second generation, and changes in ragwort biomass from 1987 through 1990. We also made annual measurements from 1987 through 1990 of the allocation of space (the limiting resource in the Unaltered competition treatment) among the categories ragwort, other species, litter, and open space. Natural enemy responses were characterized by relating variation in the concentration of enemies and the concentration of ragwort among patches. We found that abundant buried seed and localized disturbances combined to activate incipient ragwort outbreaks, and that interspecific plant competition and herbivory by the ragwort flea beetle combined to inhibit the increase and spread of incipient outbreaks. Time of disturbance had little effect on the outcome of biological control. Under conditions in the Removed and Clipped treatments (where there was sufficient open space for germination and establishment), reduction in seed production in the first generation caused by cinnabar moth larvae led to a reduction in plant numbers in the second generation, but caused only a weak effect on ragwort cover and no detectable effect on ragwort biomass over the longer term from 1986 through 1990. At the spatial scale examined, inhibition by the ragwort flea beetle and plant competition took the extreme form of elimination of all ragwort individuals except the pool of seed buried in the soil. Our findings lead us to (1) reject the view that successful biological control leads to a stable pest-enemy equilibrium on a local spatial scale, (2) strongly endorse @'search and destroy@' and weakly endorse @'complementary enemies@' strategies suggested by Murdoch et al. (1985) as ways to improve control, and (3) emphasize resource limitation in the pest at low density as a key feature distinguishing biological control of weeds from biological control of insects.
Journal Article
Fall
Simple text and photographs describe fall, discussing the weather, crops, trees, animals, festivals, and more.
Book
Dinosaurs in the fall
When the weather starts to get colder, dinosaurs find new ways to have fun. In this innovative first concepts book, dinosaurs dive into autumn in a variety of ways. Readers will see dinos take walks, watch leaves fall, and pick apples off of trees with the help of colorful illustrations that add picture-text correlation to an engaging look at the changing seasons. With text designed to establish a foundation for future reading success, this book is sure to be a hit with readers year-round. Age Appropriate and Achievable Content, Illustrated, Picture Glossary.
Book
Fall is fun!
\"Carefully leveled text and fresh, vibrant photos engage young readers in learning about the changes and adaptations fall brings. Age-appropriate critical thinking questions and a photo glossary help build nonfiction learning skills.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
I eat apples in fall
\"This title examines different properties of fall apples, including such things as color and shape. Readers will learn to observe the world around them as well as to spot signs of seasonal changes in nature\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Falling leaves 1, 2, 3 : an autumn counting book
\"Introduces leaves, pumpkins, apples, and other fall season objects, while teaching the concept of counting to ten\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book