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Background: Vaisvanara Churna a classical Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation used to treat fever, constipation, arthritis and diseases of digestive tract. Being a popularly used drug, there is a need to set quality standards and shelf life for this formulation. Objective: The objective of the study is to set standards for quality control and shelf life of Vaisvanara Churna. Materials and Methods: All the raw drugs were identified, authenticated and screened for microbial quality. The quality passed raw drugs were used for preparation of churna as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Then the formulation was screened for pharmacognostic, physico-chemical, HPTLC finger printing properties. The prepared formulation was stored in the environmental chamber at 30°C± 2°C/60%±5% RH as per the ICH guidelines for real time stability studies for the climatic zone IV. Representatives of stored formulation were tested periodically (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months) for microbial quality, physico-chemical properties and HPTLC. Results: The formulation was prepared from the quality passed raw drugs. Powder microscopy analysis revealed the presence of micro structures of raw drugs in the finished product. Physico-chemical properties and microbial quality were found to be within the API limits. HPTLC finger printing revealed the presence of chebulinic acid, gingerol and thymol in the finished product. Shelf life studies revealed stability of the formulation throughout the period of testing. Conclusion: The present study tested the parameters required for setting quality standards for Vaisvanara Churna and found to be stable in real time stability testing.

Jwarahara Kwatha Choornam (JKC) is a polyherbal coded Ayurvedic formulation developed by the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS), New Delhi, India. Traditionally used for managing chronic fever, cold, and malaria, JKC has gained recognition for its therapeutic benefits, such as enhancing digestion, stimulating appetite, detoxifying blood, modulating the immune response, and offering protection against common bacterial infections. The medicinal plant used in JKC is widely utilized by Ayurvedic practitioners and the general population in the Kerala region, where it holds a longstanding place in traditional health practices. Notably, during the COVID-19 pandemic, both practitioners and users have reported the formulation’s supportive role in treatment, further highlighting its therapeutic relevance. To ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of this important Ayurvedic preparation, CCRAS has undertaken standardization efforts, including the development of a novel High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of five key bioactive marker compounds. The study establishes a robust High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of five key bioactive markers—Andrographolide (AG), Piperine (PP), Picroside-I (P-I), Picroside-II (P-II), and α-Cyperone (AC) present in the plants Andrographis paniculata, Cyperus rotundus, Piper longum, Piper nigrum, Zingiber officinale, Hedyotis corymbosa, and Picrorhiza kurroa. Used in the Jwarahara Kwatha Choornam (JKC) formulation. Effective separation of these compounds was achieved using a carefully optimized mobile phase comprising Toluene, Ethyl Acetate, Methanol, and Formic Acid in a 4:4:1:1 (v/v/v/v) ratio. The developed HPTLC method, resolved the five targeted bioactive markers— Andrographolide (AG) , Piperine (PP) , Picroside-I (P-I) , Picroside-II (P-II) , and α-Cyperone (AC) —with distinct R f values of 0.563 ± 0.005, 0.706 ± 0.015, 0.280 ± 0.0173, 0.180 ± 0.0115, and 0.803 ± 0.005, respectively, using a mobile phase of Toluene: Ethyl Acetate: Methanol: Formic Acid (4:4:1:1, v/v/v/v ). The method was rigorously validated, demonstrating excellent linearity (r² = 0.97–0.99), precision, accuracy (RSD < 2%), robustness, and ruggedness under optimized analytical conditions. Quantitative analysis of JKC revealed the presence of AG (3.638 ± 0.0234 mg/g), PP (3.360 ± 0.0792 mg/g), P-I (0.1426 ± 0.0031 mg/g), P-II (0.6025 ± 0.0198 mg/g), and AC (0.2102 ± 0.0023 mg/g). This study demonstrates that the developed HPTLC method is a rapid, precise, and reliable analytical tool for simultaneously quantifying five key bioactive markers in individual plant materials and polyherbal formulations. Owing to its robustness and reproducibility, this method offers a practical and efficient approach for routine quality control and standardization of JKC formulations.

Ayurvedic formulations could be one of the good options for controlling diabetes mellitus. Present study was undertaken to determine minor and trace elemental contents in twelve antidiabetic herbal formulations by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis using Pneumatic Carrier Facility (PCF) at Dhruva research reactor. A total of eight major, minor and trace elements including toxic elements like Al and Sm were determined. Elemental concentrations of Ca, K, Mg, Mn and Na in some of the samples are found to be higher than the recommended dietary intake as per Food Safety and Standards Authority of India and World Health Organization.

Ayurveda provided many innovative solutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to explore the phytochemical constituents in effective Ayurvedic formulations. The main aim of the work is to identify active phytoconstituents from five Ayurvedic formulations employed in treating COVID-19 patients in an Ayurvedic hospital. Pharmacoinformatics technologies were employed in this study. The chemoinformatics, 3D molecular structure building, and molecular docking of 967 compounds on eight different macromolecular viral targets associated with SARS-CoV-2 were carried out using GLIDE software. Molecular dynamics simulations were also performed. SwissADME web server was employed to determine the physicochemical, lipophilicity and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters. The molecular docking results indicate that quercetin-3-O-arabinoglucoside, quercetin-3,7-O-diglucoside, glycyrrhizin, calceolarioside B, mucic acid-2-gallate, protodioscin and indioside D are the phytochemicals which effectively bind to eight of the proteins of SARS-CoV-2 virus and these may be treated as new lead compounds for multi-target drug discovery for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition. MD simulations helped in identifying five leads out of seven chosen from docking analysis. Five Ayurvedic formulations were used to treat respiratory illnesses associated with COVID-19. Five phytoconstituents present in these formulations were identified as leads by employing pharmacoinformatics techniques.

This research investigates the Ayurvedic Gel Formulation (AGF), an Ayurvedic product, utilizing various analytical techniques to assess its quality, safety, and stability. The AGF underwent stringent packaging in containers, following ICH guidelines Q1A (R2), to undergo extended shelf-life studies at 30°C ± 2°C and 60% RH ± 5% RH. Continuous evaluations, including physico-chemical and marker-based assessments, were conducted, with a control sample. The shelf-life dynamics were scrutinized through withdrawals at zero days and at 3-month intervals. This research article presents a thorough investigation into the HPTLC fingerprint profiling of Mimosa pudica plant and AGF, employing a solvent system of n-hexane: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid (6:4:0.1 v/v) with Linoleic acid as the reference standard. The study utilized UV observation at 254 nm and 366 nm, iodine vapors derivatization, and anisaldehyde-sulphuric acid reagent for detection, yielding comprehensive HPTLC fingerprint profiles. Safety parameters, encompassing microbial load, specific pathogens, and aflatoxin analysis, along with Total Phenolic Content (TPC) (0.3087%w/w) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) (0.1828%w/w), were systematically examined. The quantified results disclosed linoleic acid content in AGF (0.0182%) and Mimosa pudica (0.04119%). Palmitic acid analysis in AGF (0.0351%) and Coconut Oil (0.0119%) further validated the formulation. Safety evaluations demonstrated compliance with permissible limits for heavy metals, while microbial analysis highlighted a moderate aerobic count and low fungal count, ensuring high hygiene standards. Aflatoxin levels below quantifiable limits and pesticide residues within detectable limits emphasized adherence to safety standards. Thermal analysis confirmed the stability of AGF, providing a comprehensive understanding of its safety, quality, and compositional attributes in Ayurvedic formulations.

Background The nasal carriage of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported as the key factor transmitting COVID-19. Interventions that can reduce viral shedding from the nasopharynx could potentially mitigate the severity of the disease and its contagiousness. Herbal formulation of Citrus medica and Zingiber officinale is recommended in an Ayurvedic text as a nasal rinse in the management of contagious fevers. These herbs are also indicated in the management of respiratory illnesses and have been attributed with activity against pathogenic organisms in other texts. Molecular docking studies of the phytocompounds of C. medica and Z. officinale were done to find out whether these compounds could inhibit the receptor binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S protein) as well as the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), as evidenced from their docking into binding/active sites. Results The proteins of SARS-CoV-2, essential for its entry into human cells and highly expressed in the goblet and ciliated cells of nasal epithelium, play a significant role in contagiousness of the virus. Docking studies indicated that the specific compounds present in C. medica and Z. officinale have significant affinity in silico to spike protein of virus and ACE-2 receptor in the host. Conclusion In silico studies suggest that the phytochemical compounds in C. medica and Z. officinale may have good potential in reducing viral load and shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in the nasal passages. Further studies are recommended to test its efficacy in humans for mitigating the transmission of COVID-19.

Sitopaladi churna is an Official Ayurvedic formulation (AFI, 2000a) which is recommended in treatment of varied ailments. Mainly it is used in treatment of Neuralgia, asthma, digestive impairment, etc. Due to various side effects of available allopathic medicines, now a days, demand and usage of Traditional medicines have increases tremendously. For global acceptance of Indian Traditional system we have to develop various standardization methods for our Ayurvedic formulations with available sophisticated instruments. Till date no such method was established for standardization of Sitopaladi churna. We have tried to develop a robust method and standardized Sitopaladi churna mainly fingerprinting as it is very economic in terms of time and machinery usage. Present study was undertaken for fingerprinting of selected formulations and raw materials using UV and HPTLC techniques. HPTLC study was carried out on Sitopaladi churna and raw material extracts using Camag HPTLC system equipped with Linomat V applicator, camag TLC scanner 3 and CATS 4 software for interpretation of data. One in house preparation (SiCL) and two marketed preparation (SiCM-I and SiCM-II) of Sitopaladi Churna were subjected for development of reproducible, rapid, valid, robust fingerprinting method.

The mortality and morbidity rate of diabetes patients is increasing worldwide which requires an ideal treatment to prevent the disease worsening. Traditional medicine is gaining more attention in diabetes due to its efficacy and safety. We, therefore performed a systematic review study of clinical trials to assess the comparative effect of polyherbal formulations in type 2 Diabetes mellitus. To find the effectiveness of polyherbal formulations in blood sugar and lipid level for type 2 Diabetes mellitus. PubMed, Scopus and CINAHL databases for clinical trials investigating the effect of polyherbal formulations in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients were searched. Meta-analysis of eligible trials was conducted employing Revman 5.2 software. Fourteen randomized controlled trials were found eligible for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of findings showed a significant effect of polyherbal formulations on blood sugar level compared to control group. The estimated standard mean changes at 95% confidence interval, following polyherbal formulations treatment were −0.59, (−0.91 to – 0.27) mg/dL; for fasting blood sugar(p < 0.001), −0.69, (−1.18 to −0.21) mg/dL; for postprandial blood sugar (p = 0.005) and −0.46, (−0.88 to −0.04) gm%; for glycated haemoglobin (p = 0.03). The reduction in postprandial sugar and glycated haemoglobin was statistically significant with polyherbal formulations compared to metformin treatment but not for fasting sugar. Similarly in lipid profile the reduction for total cholesterol and triglycerides was statistically significant with polyherbal formulations compared to control group but was not significant for HDL and LDL whereas in other group of polyherbal formulations and metformin only HDL was favouring polyherbal formulations. Polyherbal formulations occurred to be effective in lowering blood sugar level in Type 2 diabetes but their further efficacy in managing diabetes needs to be validated. Therefore, a qualitative, long term, randomized placebo-controlled trials of adequate sample size are necessary to determine the efficacy of polyherbal formulation in managing diabetes.

Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disorder caused by genetic abnormalities, often accompanied by severe symptoms and complications. Conventional treatments offer limited relief but fail to halt disease progression. An Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol has been reported to be effective in treating various types of pancreatitis. This observational clinical study is aimed at assessing the efficacy of a year long Ayurvedic treatment protocol (ATP) in mitigating attack frequency and intensity in Hereditary Pancreatitis patients. The study enrolled 151 patients across diverse age groups and genders, subjecting them to a comprehensive Ayurvedic treatment protocol at a specialized center. The protocol incorporated Metal-Based Ayurvedic Formulation (MBAF) named Amar, alongside supportive Ayurvedic compounds and dietary adjustments. Patients underwent pre- and post-treatment evaluations involving interviews, medical records, blood tests, radiological imaging, and symptom assessments. Notably, pancreatic enzyme use was discontinued prior to initiating Ayurvedic treatment. Among 151 patients, 88 completed the year long ATP, resulting in significant enhancement of their quality of life. There was a marked 98.7% reduction in emergency hospitalizations and a notable 92.8% decrease in attack frequency (p < 0.0001). Radiological assessments indicated pancreatic health stabilization, while no adverse effects were reported, highlighting the intervention's safety and tolerability. The study furnishes promising evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of ATP, especially the MBAF, in managing Hereditary Pancreatitis. The observed decline in attack frequency, absence of adverse effects, and stabilization of pancreatic health underscore the potential of Ayurvedic medicine. Subsequent research, including randomized controlled trials, is warranted to substantiate these findings and elucidate underlying mechanisms.

We examined two Ayurvedic Rasayana formulations, claimed to facilitate 'healthy ageing', for their role in neuroprotection in fly models of polyQ (127Q and Huntington's) and Alzheimer's disorders. Our earlier findings showed that dietary supplement of Amalaki Rasayana, a preparation derived from Indian goose-berry fruits, and Rasa-Sindoor, an organo-metallic Bhasma prepared from mercury and sulphur, improves general well-being of fruit flies. Here we show that dietary supplement of either of these formulations during larval period substantially suppressed neurodegeneration in fly models of polyQ and Alzheimer's disorders without any side-effects. Dietary Amalaki Rasayana or Rasa-Sindoor prevented accumulation of inclusion bodies and heat shock proteins, suppressed apoptosis, elevated the levels of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins and cAMP response element binding protein and at the same time improved the ubiquitin–proteasomal system for better protein clearance in affected cells. Our studies suggest, the potential of these Ayurvedic formulations in providing a holistic relief from the increasingly common neurodegenerative disorders.