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W artykule w trojaki sposób dowodzę odrębności profesjonalnej etyki lekarskiej, mianowicie: 1. ukazując różnice pozycji normatywnej obowiązków (zachowań, wartości, cnót) w etyce profesjonalnej i ogólnej, 2. uzasadniając przynależność lekarskiej etyki profesjonalnej do modelu zapożyczenia jako typu etyki aplikacyjnej, 3. podając racje za profesjonalizmem historycznym jako etyką właściwą dla stanu lekarskiego. Odrębność profesjonalnej etyki lekarskiej stanowi ważny argument za jej umieszczeniem w planie edukacji etycznej studentów medycyny i lekarzy. W końcowej części pracy rekonstruuję rzeczywiste i postulowane relacje między etyką profesjonalną a profesjonalizmem, bioetyką akademicką i bioetyką publiczną. Celem rekonstrukcji jest wskazanie optymalnego dla edukacji etycznej miejsca etyki profesjonalnej w systemie kształcenia etycznego profesjonalistów.

In 1974 a British biologist, John Randal Baker (1900–1984), published a large and controversial book simply entitledRacethat reiterated persistent eugenicist themes concerning the relation between race, intelligence, and progress. The history of Baker’s book is a case study in the politics of scientific publishing, and his ideas influenced scholars associated with later works such asThe Bell Curve. Baker, a student of Julian Huxley, was a longtime participant in the British eugenics movement and opponent of what he took to be a facile belief in human equality. In 1942, together with Michael Polanyi, he founded the Society for Freedom in Science to oppose those who advocated the central planning of scientific research. Baker’s eugenics, political activities, and views on race express an elitist individualism, associated with the conservative wing of the eugenics movement, that this paper explores in the context of his career as a whole.

On a personal note, added the graduate of LSU (bachelor's in music) and University of South Carolina (master's in international business studies), his unflagging support and encouragement were important ingrethents in my own successes, both academic and professional.

I have been reminded by a faithful and dear reader, Ms. R. Baker of Fort Walton Beach, that I have never dealt with the reality of pets running loose. In her letter, Ms. Baker suggests that this would be an appropriate topic for a column: If your dog or cat is found running loose on the streets, it may be picked up by the Panhandle Welfare Society. In this area, PAWS is responsible for policing the streets. If your pet is picked up by PAWS, they will try to reach you if there is some form of identification such as a collar and tag or a microchip. Without ID, you will be your pet's only chance to be found. You must go to PAWS and look for your pet. Do not delay. You must go in person. They will not give out information on the phone. PAWS does have a web site now that allows you to look for your pet, but I would not put all my trust in it. The web site is worth going to. It has a lot of information about PAWS and pets. It is www.paws-shelter.com.

\"This is a worldwide problem for all those using ultrasound diagnostically,\" said Joan R. Baker, founder of the Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography and president of Sound Ergonomics in Kenmore, WA. \"The pressure to push more patients through encourages sonographers to take shortcuts, such as not adjusting the table or chair to the right height, not adjusting the monitor and control panel, or not having the patient move closer to the sonographer to avoid overreaching.\" When George retired a couple of years ago, he was managing a large private radiology group in Adelaide, Australia, with about 50 sonographers and 80 radiographers. Their group provided radiologists and sonographers to the Sydney 2000 Olympics and the 2006 Commonwealth games. In an e-mail to Diagnostic Imaging, he recalled sonographers who had work-related injuries requiring surgery to shoulders, elbows, and wrists. Many had to reduce their workload or stop scanning altogether. One staff member, an excellent softball pitcher, couldn't play the game anymore following a shoulder injury from scanning and subsequent surgery. In 2003, Baker chaired a consensus conference to develop industry standards aimed at reducing work-related musculoskeletal disorders in sonography. Participants came from the U.S., the U.K., Canada, and Australia and included equipment manufacturers. Work done at this conference has led to a guidance document, Prevention of work related musculoskeletal disorders in sonography, recently released by the Society of Radiographers in the U.K.

  WellSpan's cleaning protocols for devices used in these procedures \"did not align perfectly with the original guidelines provided by the device manufacturer,\" according to the letter sent to patients. They don't know if they had been cleaning machine correctly if they would have prevented the 8 cases, said Dr. R. Hal Baker, senior vice president of Clinical Improvement for WellSpan Health and a physician at Apple Hill Internal Medicine. \"It's frustrating that there is no test you can take to see whether you're going to be the unlucky 1 percent or the lucky 99 percent,\" Baker said.

The funeral will be held Thursday, October 6th from the MERCADANTE FUNERAL HOME & CHAPEL, 370 Plantation St with a Mass at 11:30 am in St. Anne's Church, 130 Boston Turnpike Rd. Burial with Military Honors will follow in Worcester County Memorial Park in Paxton. A period of calling hours will be held from 10:00 am to 11:00 am prior to the Mass. In lieu of flowers memorial contributions may be made to the Autumn Village Care Center, 25 Oriol Dr., Worcester 01605.

R. LEE BAKER was awarded at $1,500 PSNH/NASA Space Grant Scholarship...

Most of the X-ray films in York Hospital and Gettysburg Hospital have been replaced with digital images. The images can be viewed on computers, which allows more doctors to access them quickly. The Picture Archiving Communication System, called PACS, is part of WellSpan Health's $40 million, five-to-seven year imaging project involving equipment, facilities and personnel. WellSpan includes York and Gettysburg hospitals. At Memorial, employees are using digital archiving but still printing films, said Josette Myers, hospital spokeswoman. By the end of March, Memorial plans to be completely digital, Myers said.