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Both studies of political power and Europeanization studies have tended to neglect central banks. As the age of the euro reaches its 10th anniversary, it is timely to reflect on what it means for central banks, which have been at the forefront of the establishment of Economic and Monetary Union in the European Union. Central banks have been caught up in a major historic political project. What does it mean for them? What does the age of the euro tell us about the power of central banks, their Europeanization and whether they are coming to resemble each other more closely? This book brings together a range of recognized academic specialists to examine the main political aspects of this question. How, and in what ways, has the euro Europeanized central banks (members and non-members of the Euro Area)? What have been its effects on the power of central banks and their use of power? Has the euro generated convergence or divergence in central banking? The book offers the first, in-depth and systematic political analysis of central banks in the first decade of the euro. It places the euro in its global and European contexts, including the US Fed and the Australasian central banks, patterns of differentiated integration in European central banking, and the European Central Bank. It offers a set of case studies of its effects on a representative sample of EU central banks (euro 'insiders' and 'outsiders') and looks at four main thematic areas (monetary policy, financial market supervision, accountability and transparency, and research). The book contributes to Europeanization studies, comparative political economy, and studies of Economic and Monetary Union. It will be of major interest to students of the European Union and European integration, comparative European politics, and area and 'country' studies. More generally, it will interest all those interested in central banking and their pivotal and problematic position between politics and markets.

When the term \"governance\" is associated with money, the mind goes directly to the traditional regulatory paradigm, i.e. the nation State-Central Banking-Currency. However, over time, there has been a steady erosion of the nation states' sovereignty, also in the area of monetary law. This process of erosion is still working from within and externally to the nation State or, in other words, from upwards to downwards and vice versa. Moving from upwards to downwards, highly interconnected financial markets have urged the national competent authorities to improve the global level of coordination in terms of sharing regulatory standards, supervisory models and risk-monitoring procedures. In the downwards-upwards direction, the concept of sovereignty is critically revised from the perspective of new and alternative means of payment, thanks to the growth of e-commerce and mobile commerce and new complementary currency projects. The European Union is a feasible institutional context in which to investigate the development of the governance of money. Indeed, the EU, considered as a \"unique economic and political partnership\", has not laid down a clear-cut definition of money, but the Member States have been carrying on a varying transfer of sovereignty and, in particular, of monetary sovereignty. This book examines money as a means of payment and a reserve of value within the framework of the European Union, with particular attention to community-based currencies. This book will prove an interesting and informative read for academics, students and policymakers with an interest in the development of monetary and financial systems.

This new study provides a comprehensive survey of the recently established European financial system in comparison to previous European systems and the US Federal Reserve. This well-written contribution to financial economics should be of interest to academics as well as professionals concerned with financial systems around the world. Emmanuel Apel is Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Ottawa, Canada.

Monetary Theory provides an alternative to monetary economics based on the distinctive properties of money banking. The book: Analyses money Shows that the distinction between money and income is rooted in the banking practice Examines exchange rate instability and financial crisis Puts forward an alternative proposal for European Monetary Union.

We analyze the European Central Bank's (ECB's) response to the global financial crisis. Our results suggest that even during the crisis, the core part of ECB's monetary policy transmission-from policy rates to market rates-has continued to operate, but at a decreased efficiency. We also find some evidence that the ECB's non-standard measures, namely the lengthening of the maturity of monetary policy operations and the provision of funds at the fixed rate, reduced money market term spreads, facilitating the pass-through from policy to market rates. Furthermore, the results imply that the substantial increase in the ECB's balance sheet may have contributed to a reduction in government bond term spreads.

This new study provides a comprehensive survey of the recently established European financial system in comparison to previous European systems and the US Federal Reserve

Provides an alternative analysis to monetary economics based on the distinctive properties of bank money. The book examines exchange rate instability and puts forward an alternative proposal for European Monetary Union

Nell’attuale contesto di crisi economico-finanziaria, la Banca Centrale Europea ha progressivamente assunto un ruolo primario negli interventi pubblici europei di \"salvataggio\" di alcuni Stati membri, che hanno suscitato accesi dibattiti e perplessità sull’adeguatezza dei meccanismi e dei presupposti giuridici. In effetti, questa istituzione europea si caratterizza per compiti complessi e atti giuridici non sempre comprensibili senza uno studio approfondito. La ricerca affronta le ragioni dell’introduzione della BCE e del Sistema europeo di banche centrali, i principi di organizzazione, le relative funzioni amministrative e gli atti giuridici (normativi e amministrativi) in relazione alla politica monetaria e all’obiettivo della stabilità dei prezzi (articoli 127 e seguenti e 282 e seguenti, TFUE-Trattato sul funzionamento dell’Unione Europea), secondo gli schemi giuridici del diritto amministrativo applicabili in una materia economica. Dall’analisi condotta emerge la posizione strategica della BCE e il carattere speciale e riservato della competenza a confronto con le altre istituzioni europee. La ricerca è stata, inoltre, estesa ai compiti specifici e diretti in merito alle politiche di vigilanza prudenziale sugli enti creditizi e sulle altre istituzioni finanziarie, che il Consiglio europeo affida alla BCE (art. 127.6 TFUE): soluzione mai delineata fino al 2012, e, infatti, la BCE si è sempre limitata, per i vincoli derivanti dai Trattati e dallo Statuto, ad un’attività consultiva e di generale coordinamento delle politiche nell’attuazione della disciplina dell’UE da parte delle Autorità di supervisione bancaria di livello nazionale (articoli 127.5 TFUE e 25.1 Statuto). L’attenzione è quindi incentrata sulla proposta di regolamento del Consiglio europeo (in fase di approvazione finale): compiti specifici, atti giuridici, provvedimenti e procedimenti amministrativi di vigilanza prudenziale, presupposto normativo della nuova Autorità di supervisione europea e dell’unione bancaria; a questa innovazione si ricollegano ulteriori riforme destinate ad incidere direttamente sugli ordinamenti nazionali mediante regolamenti che consentono una veloce integrazione amministrativa con regole comuni, applicabili ai settori bancario e finanziario per un unico mercato europeo. SANDRA ANTONIAZZI è ricercatore e docente di Diritto amministrativo nell’Università di Cagliari (Dipartimento di Scienze economiche e Aziendali); è Autrice di numerose pubblicazioni, tra le quali: Obbligazioni pubbliche e giurisdizione amministrativa (nella presente Collana, n. 45, 2010); La tutela del legittimo affidamento del privato nei confronti della pubblica amministrazione (Collana Studi di Diritto delle Amministrazioni Pubbliche, Torino, Giappichelli, n. 17, 2005); \"Federalismo e funzione di controllo della Corte dei Conti sulla gestione negli enti locali\" e \"Governance territoriale e nuovi modelli di organizzazione sanitaria\" (in P. Bilancia (a cura di), Modelli innovativi di governance territoriale, Milano, Giuffrè, 2011); \"Procedimenti amministrativi comunitari composti e principio del contraddittorio\" (in Riv. it. dir. pubbl. comunitario, n. 3-4, 2007).

Priests of Prosperityexplores the unsung revolutionary campaign to transform postcommunist central banks from command-economy cash cows into Western-style monetary guardians. Juliet Johnson conducted more than 160 interviews in seventeen countries with central bankers, international assistance providers, policymakers, and private-sector finance professionals over the course of fifteen years. She argues that a powerful transnational central banking community concentrated in Western Europe and North America integrated postcommunist central bankers into its network, shaped their ideas about the role of central banks, and helped them develop modern tools of central banking. Johnson's detailed comparative studies of central bank development in Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Russia, and Kyrgyzstan take readers from the birth of the campaign in the late 1980s to the challenges faced by central bankers after the global financial crisis. As the comfortable certainties of the past collapse around them, today's central bankers in the postcommunist world and beyond find themselves torn between allegiance to their transnational community and its principles on the one hand and their increasingly complex and politicized national roles on the other.Priests of Prosperitywill appeal to a diverse audience of scholars in political science, finance, economics, geography, and sociology as well as to central bankers and other policymakers interested in the future of international finance, global governance, and economic development.