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"Banks and banking History 20th century."
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From Central Planning to the Market
This book describes the process of the Czech economic transformation from the beginning of the 1990s to the country’s entry into the European Union in 2004. This transformation is divided into four periods: an initial recession caused by the transformation; economic growth in the mid-1990s; a recession connected to the currency crisis of 1997; and recovery and growth from 1999 until 2004, when the analysis ends. The examination covers the main aspects of the transformation – an overall view of the process, political transition, economic policy, economic results (GDP development, inflation, unemployment), changes in outside indicators (balance of payments), privatization, transformation of the financial sector, and changes in the business sector and institutional development. The book also compares Czech development in this transformative era to those of Poland and Hungary. As in Hungary and Poland, the Czech Republic underwent an exceptional qualitative shift from a system centrally planned to one that was market-based. The book concludes that despite mistakes and hardships, the overall transformation process in Central Europe has been successful.
eBook
The problem with banks
A concise, essential overview of a pressing global issue, The Problem with Banks examines banking activity in America, Asia and Europe, and how specific historical circumstances have transformed banks' behaviour and attitude to risk.
eBook
Money, power, and the people : the American struggle to make banking democratic
An \"engaging and well-researched study [of] ordinary people who joined together to challenge financial institutions\" ( Choice).
Banks and bankers are hardly the most beloved institutions and people in this country. With its corruptive influence on politics and stranglehold on the American economy, Wall Street is held in high regard by few outside the financial sector. But the pitchforks raised against this behemoth are largely rhetorical: We rarely see riots in the streets or public demands for an equitable and democratic banking system that result in serious national changes.
Yet the situation was vastly different a century ago, as Christopher W. Shaw shows. This book upends the conventional thinking that financial policy in the early twentieth century was set primarily by the needs and demands of bankers. Shaw shows that banking and politics were directly shaped by the literal and symbolic investments of the grassroots. This engagement remade financial institutions and the national economy, through populist pressure and the establishment of federal regulatory programs and agencies like the Farm Credit System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Shaw reveals the surprising groundswell behind seemingly arcane legislation, as well as the power of the people to demand serious political repercussions for the banks that caused the Great Depression. One result of this sustained interest and pressure was legislation and regulation that brought on a long period of relative financial stability, with a reduced frequency of economic booms and busts. Ironically, this stability led to the decline of the very banking politics that brought it about.
Giving voice to a broad swath of American figures, including workers, farmers, politicians, and bankers alike, Money, Power, and the People recasts our understanding of what might be possible in balancing the needs of the people with those of their financial institutions.
eBook
Money, power, and the people : the American struggle to make banking democratic
Banks and bankers are hardly the most beloved institutions and people in this country. With its corruptive influence on politics and stranglehold on the American economy, Wall Street is held in high regard by few outside the financial sector. But the pitchforks raised against this behemoth are largely rhetorical: we rarely see riots in the streets or public demands for an equitable and democratic banking system that result in serious national changes. /Yet the situation was vastly different a century ago, as Christopher W. Shaw shows. This book upends the conventional thinking that financial policy in the early twentieth century was set primarily by the needs and demands of bankers. Shaw shows that banking and politics were directly shaped by the literal and symbolic investments of the grassroots. This engagement remade financial institutions and the national economy, through populist pressure and the establishment of federal regulatory programs and agencies like the Farm Credit System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Shaw reveals the surprising groundswell behind seemingly arcane legislation, as well as the power of the people to demand serious political repercussions for the banks that caused the Great Depression. One result of this sustained interest and pressure was legislation and regulation that brought on a long period of relative financial stability, with a reduced frequency of economic booms and busts. Ironically, this stability led to the decline of the very banking politics that brought it about. /Giving voice to a broad swath of American figures, including workers, farmers, politicians, and bankers alike, Money, Power, and the People recasts our understanding of what might be possible in balancing the needs of the people with those of their financial institutions.
Book
Unexpected Revolutionaries
In Unexpected
Revolutionaries , Manuela Moschella
investigates the institutional transformation of central banks from
the 1970s to the present.
Central banks are typically regarded as conservative,
politically neutral institutions that uphold conventional
macroeconomic wisdom. Yet in the wake of the 2008 global financial
crisis and the 2020 COVID-19 crisis, central banks have upended
observer expectations by implementing largely unknown and
unconventional monetary policies. Far from abiding by
well-established policy playbooks, central banks now engage in
practices such as providing liquidity support for a wide range of
financial institutions and quantitative easing. They have even
stretched the remit of monetary policy into issues such as
inequality and climate change.
Moschella argues that the political nature of central banks lies
at the heart of these transformations. While formally independent,
central banks need political support to justify their policies and
powers, and to obtain it, they carefully manage their reputation
among their audienceselected officials, market actors, and
citizens. Challenged by reputational threats brought about by
twenty-first-century recessionary and deflationary forces, central
banks such as the Federal Reserve System and the European Central
Bank strategically deviated from orthodox monetary policies to
preempt or manage political backlash and to regain public trust.
Central banks thus evolved into a new role only in coordination
with fiscal authorities and on the back of public contestation.
Eye-opening and insightful, Unexpected Revolutionaries
is necessary reading for discussions on the future of the
neoliberal macroeconomic regime, the democratic oversight of
monetary policymaking, and the role that central banks canor
cannotplay in our domestic economies.
eBook
Shanghai's Bund and Beyond
As China emerges as a global powerhouse, this timely book examines its economic past and the shaping of its financial institutions. The first comparative study of foreign banking in prewar China, the book surveys the impact of British overseas bank notes on China's economy before the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War in 1937. Focusing on the two leading British banks in the region, it assesses the favorable and unfavorable effects of the British presence in China, with particular emphasis on Shanghai, and traces instructive links between the changing political climate and banknote circulation volumes.
Drawing on recently declassified archival materials, Niv Horesh revises previous assumptions about China's prewar economy, including the extent of foreign banknote circulation and the economic significance of the May Thirtieth Movement of 1925.
eBook