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"Batik."
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The semiotics of Yogyakarta's batik, nature as ontological and epistemological basis of the work
Batik is a collective work of society that become a world cultural heritage from Indonesia. This fact made batik widely researched and discussed in various forums at the national and international levels. However, to this day, the aesthetic foundations of batik, which form the basis of its ontology and epistemology, have yet to be formulated. This article elaborates on the specific issues of Yogyakarta's batik ontological and epistemological basis as a case study. The assumption is that batik cannot be separated from nature. This assumption was proven using the semiotic analysis (integration of two domains, ecosemiotics and ethnosemiotics). Furthermore, it can be formulated that the aesthetic foundation, which is the basis for the ontology and epistemology of batik, is nature. This formulation made a significant contribution to the development of batik, both in academic discussion and practical activity, paving the way for forming the academic discipline of batik ecology.
Journal Article
Integrating traditional and contemporary in digital techniques: the analysis of Indonesian batik motifs evolution
This study aims to examine how traditional Indonesian batik motifs can be integrated with contemporary designs through digital techniques, while maintaining their cultural integrity. The research explores the relationship between classical designs and modern fashion applications, addressing the challenge of preserving traditional symbolism while meeting current market preferences. By using a qualitative research approach, data was gathered through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The study found and suggest a new framework for merging traditional and digital methods to create innovative batik designs, involving stages of inspiration, concept development, design execution, and finalization. This study then concludes that the thoughtful integration of digital techniques with traditional Indonesian batik presents a promising path for evolution of this art form, enabling innovation while preserving its cultural heritage. This balanced approach allows the batik industry to maintain relevance in a rapidly changing world without compromising its rich cultural roots, particularly when supported by collaborative efforts and sustainable practices. The study then proposing sustainable practices and fostering collaboration among traditional artisans, designers, and cultural historians to ensure the continued relevance and progression of batik in contemporary fashion.
Journal Article
WORKERS’ BEHAVIOR AND FORCED VITAL CAPACITY (FVC) BATIK WORKERS IN BATIK JETIS VILLAGE, SIDOARJO
Introduction: Batik is the art of drawing on the surface of the cloth. The process of making batik can cause problems for worker’s health. Batik workers interacted directly with chemical materials when producing batik and this material was dangerous for their health. This study aims to determine the behavior and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) of batik industry workers in Kampung Batik Jetis, Sidoarjo. Method: This research is an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. This research was conducted from August to October 2019, located in the batik industry of Batik Jetis Village, Sidoarjo sub-District, Sidoarjo District. The sample was taken by total sampling with Inclusion criteria are research subjects who had age more than 20 years old and willing to be a research sample. Samples consisted of 9 batik workers from Batik Jetis village. Data were collected by observation and interviews, and the measuring of Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) using a spirometer. Result: Showed that 66.67% of respondents are ≥50 years old, 66.67% respondents in the obese category, 77.78% respondents had worked for more than 10 years, 33.33% respondents with a duration of work> 8 hours/day, 77.78% did not have smoking behavior, only 1 respondent (11.11%) had abnormal FVC. Conclusion: In summary, increase of age, abnormal nutritional status, working period, long duration of exposure and smoking behavior can cause FVC abnormalities, while physical activity (sports) has a positive relationship to FVC.
Journal Article
Investigation of E-Business Motivation Among Batik SMEs in Indonesia
Purpose: This research explores how to establish a conceptual framework for an empirical model of e-business motivation in small organizations, while most e-business studies focus on large companies. To explain SMEs' tactics and features, notably family businesses' increased e-business motivation. Theoretical Framework: Technological developments have an impact on changing business management patterns, many business opportunities can be captured by companies including small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to be able to expand the market and increase sales. Design/Methodology/Approach: ANOVA analysis was used for quantitative analysis. This research took a sample of 122 Batik SMEs from the Batik center villages of Klaten, Jarum, Beluk, Banyuripan, and Kebon Regencies. The sampling method was purposive, namely by using batik SMEs that have used social media or websites to carry out promotions and sales. Findings: SMEs in the innovator category were more driven than reactors. Innovative companies succeeded in internet marketing, communication, and profit. However, the two groups employed e-business for study similarly. This shows that innovators and reactor companies have not fully adopted the e-business market or industry surveys. Implications of Research: This research shows that the success of e-business practices, especially electronic promotion and selling, will increase with strategic orientation that strives for innovation, as market coverage expands, and business duration increases. Originality/Value: E-business strategies and competencies in small businesses are infrequently investigated, whereas major enterprises are extensively studied. demonstrates that SMEs have distinct firm structures and HR development programs than major companies, hence their e-business practices will differ.
Journal Article
Expert role in image classification using CNN for hard to identify object: distinguishing batik and its imitation
In this research we try to solve the recognition problem in differentiating between batik and its imitation. Batik is an Indonesian heritage of process in making traditional textile product that is now endangered by the existence of imitation products. We try to compare two popular CNN model to classify batik products into five classes. The classes are tulis, cap, print warna, print malam, cabut warna. Tulis and cap are genuine batik, and the other three are an imitation. We realize that this problem is go beyond the recognition of fine grained image problem, it is a hard to identify image problem because even the batik experts is having a hard time identifying batik and its imitation if only based on its picture. The two CNN models, inceptionV3 and mobilenetV2 were trained on three types of image. One type is a freely taken image, the other two were taken based on the experts suggestion. The accuracy score shows that the model trained with the suggestion based picture perform better than the one trained with the random picture.
Journal Article
Evaluating the Role of Open Innovation and Circular Economy in Enhancing Organizational Performance: Insights from Batik Small and Medium Enterprises in Banyuwangi, Indonesia
Batik SMEs are key contributors to Indonesia’s heritage and economy. Their inability to fully harness innovative and sustainable practices threatens not only their survival but also their contribution to economic development. However, their path to sustainability is hindered by many limitations in adopting circular economy (CE) principles; a framework widely acknowledged to enhance organizational performance. This study examines and evaluates the application of innovation within Indonesia’s batik SME sector, focusing on the simultaneous impact of open innovation and circular economy principles—an area that has been largely unexplored within this specific sector. Our study analyzes the influence of open innovation and circular economy on organizational performance, measured via simulations among 70 Batik SMEs in Banyuwangi, Indonesia, using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results reveal that while both open innovation and CE enhance performance, some dimensions of CE—such as waste reduction—prove less relevance to the business models of Batik SMEs based on model iteration. Moreover, this includes a discussion about several elimination items within the iteration. These findings suggest that Batik SMEs benefit more from resource optimization and innovation networks than from rigid waste management practices. In conclusion, integrating open innovation with tailored circular economy strategies can improve the operational efficiency and sustainability of Batik SMEs, enabling them to better compete and grow. This research highlights the need for context-specific adaptations of CE principles to ensure their practical impact on different sectors, emphasizing the role of innovation in overcoming resource limitations.
Journal Article
Environmental Awareness in Batik Making Process
One of the goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) is to conserve natural resources, such as water, soil, air, and others. Poorly treated industrial effluents discharged into nearby water streams contribute to water pollution. This problem is notably worse among small- and medium-scale industries, such as the local batik industry, which cannot afford proper and costly wastewater treatment facilities in their premises. Batik entrepreneurs should adopt environmentally friendly methods by using currently available technologies. Therefore, this phenomenological study investigated the environmental awareness of three batik entrepreneurs in Malaysia via interviews. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The batik entrepreneurs have adopted different batik making processes but employed almost similar batik waste disposal methods. Despite some level of environmental awareness among the batik entrepreneurs, they still practiced poor environmental batik making and disposal methods due to the lack of affordable technology. The lack of exposure to environmental education, open mindset, the socio-cultural practice of batik making, and production cost influences environmental awareness among batik entrepreneurs. Authorities should advocate green batik making and regulate rules for any malpractice. Future studies should explore the effective technologies used to dispose of batik waste effluents to enable batik entrepreneurs to adopt environmentally friendly batik making and waste disposal methods.
Journal Article