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All about bats
Introduces bats, describing their habitats, physical characteristics, and behavior.
Book
O5 Exploring the impact of platelet activation on plasmin generation
BackgroundFibrinolysis is the process by which fibrin clots are degraded via the action of plasmin. A novel high throughput plasmin generation (PG) assay has been developed and has potential as a clinical tool. Platelets modulate fibrinolysis through release of the precursor of plasmin, plasminogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). Our work has shown platelets also anchor plasminogen to their surface.AimTo investigate the impact of platelets on PG using a novel assay.MethodPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) and matched platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was collected from healthy donors. PG was quantified by fluorogenic substrate in plasma (22%) clotted using tissue factor (1 pM), and CaCl2 (16.7 mM) with tissue plasminogen activator (17.8 nM). PRP was analysed ± stimulation with collagen (CRP-XL, 1 µg/ml) and thrombin (TRAP-6, 30 µM) platelet receptor agonists. Fluorescence was read every 20 s for 30 min (37°C). A neutralising antibody to PAI-1 (5 µg/ml); the cofactor for TAFI, thrombomodulin (TM; 20 nM); and inhibitor of TAFIa, carboxypeptidase inhibitor (CPI; 25 µg/ml), were included in some experiments.ResultsUnstimulated PRP reduced the plasmin peak (49.2±2.8 nM) compared to matched PPP (69.1±7.4 nM). In contrast, stimulation of PRP enhanced the plasmin peak (49.2±2.8 nM to 63.7±4.2 nM) and shortened the lag time (4.6±0.06 min to 3.4±0.1 min) compared to unstimulated PRP. Neutralising PAI-1 had no impact on PG. TM significantly reduced PG to a similar degree in matched PPP (11.3±2.7 nM) and PRP (12.8±3.2 nM) and could be recovered to baseline with CPI.ConclusionThe PG assay was not sensitive to the inhibitory impact of platelet-derived PAI-1. The inhibitory effect of the TM-TAFIa complex was comparable in stimulated PRP and PPP. Interestingly, inclusion of platelet agonists significantly augmented PG, potentially by facilitating assembly of profibrinolytic proteins on the activated platelet membrane.
Journal Article
Journey of the bats
Though some bat species spend the colder months deep in caves and abandoned mines, tree-roosting bats travel south for the winter, just like birds. Young readers are sure to enjoy learning about the fascinating life and impressive journey of bats, a creature every child can easily recognize, yet few know much about.
Book
First Case Report of Mange in Molossus molossus in Minas Gerais State, Brazil
There are many records of the family Sarcoptidae in bats. The species Notoedres (Notoedres) yunkeri has been reported only once, parasitizing a molossid bat in Panama. In the present study, we expand the occurrence of the species to Brazil. Key words: mange mite, notoedric mange, Chiroptera, Neotropical region, Brazil
Journal Article
First Case Report of Mange in Molossus molossus
There are many records of the family Sarcoptidae in bats. The species Notoedres (Notoedres) yunkeri has been reported only once, parasitizing a molossid bat in Panama. In the present study, we expand the occurrence of the species to Brazil.
Journal Article
Inside bat caves
When people go to sleep, bats are just waking up. While young readers may recognize the image of bats in the night skies, where they live may be less familiar. This title takes readers inside bat roosts to uncover the fascinating facts about this creature.
Book
Anatomical and Morphological Structure of the Skull of a Juvenile Specimen of IMyotis myotis/I
There are few descriptions of bat skulls, and most are incomplete. In the representatives of the order Chiroptera, interosseous sutures disappear over a few months after birth. Conversely, the skull forms a nearly continuous structure in adult specimens, which makes analyzing it difficult. The work describes 28 bones, 30 bone sutures, 13 bone processes and 5 holes in the skull. The presence of the lacrimal bone, os lacrimale, was confirmed. The study concerned the structural elements of the skull and their sutures. The aim of this study was to produce a detailed description of the bat skull in order to fill in the gaps in knowledge on skeletal structures and provide descriptive material for use in anatomical research. Few studies analyze the morphology and anatomy of the bat skull, and most of them are incomplete. Some of the difficulties stem from the fact that, in the representatives of the order Chiroptera, the interosseous sutures disappear by fusing together before active flight begins, which takes place over only a few months. This study presents a detailed morphological and anatomical description of the skull of a juvenile specimen of Myotis myotis (Borkhausen, 1797). Juvenile skulls are difficult to preserve and often incomplete. Previously inconsistent terminology related to bones, sutures, and other cranial structures was unified, which will provide insight on the distribution of each structure in both juvenile and adult specimens to be investigated. The description fill in the gaps in knowledge about the cranial structures of Myotis myotis and the representatives of the family Vespertilionidae. This will allow for precise descriptions of the skulls of bats.
Journal Article