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\"The Skills Training Manual for Radically Open Dialectical Behavior Therapy offers a groundbreaking, transdiagnostic approach for clients with difficult-to-treat overcontrol (OC) disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, treatment-resistant depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Written by the founder of RO-DBT and published for the first time, this manual offers clinicians step-by-step guidance for implementing this evidence-based therapy in their practice\"-- Provided by publisher.

Background Children’s health and welfare have a special place in research and policy in many countries. One of the most important concerns is the increasing rate of backache in children due to many of behavioral risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program on promoting back-related behavior as well as knowledge, skills, beliefs, and self-efficacy among fifth grade girls. Methods The theory-based back care (T-Bak) study was a school-based randomised controlled trial (RCT) that assessed the effectiveness of developing a back care training program based on the social cognitive theory (SCT). A total of 104 schoolchildren aged 11 ± 1.0 years were assigned to intervention ( n  = 52) and control ( n  = 52) groups. The intervention group received six sessions training on proper lifting and carrying techniques, having proper posture during daily activities, and correct backpack wearing techniques with a 1-week interval while the control group received nothing. Then, the two groups were assessed for knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, beliefs, and behavior at four points in time: baseline, immediate, three and six-months post-intervention. The changes of the outcomes investigated using univariate repeated measures analysis of variance. Partial eta squared measure (η p 2 ) was used to calculate effect sizes. Results A positive change was found for the intervention group back-related behavior from baseline to immediate post-intervention and follow-ups ( F  = 78.865, p  < 0.001, η p 2  = 0.22). Overall there were 36.4% improvement for knowledge (η p 2  = 0.21), 53.2% for the skills (η p 2  = 0.25), 19.5% for the self-efficacy (η p 2  = 0.11), and 25.6% for the beliefs (η p 2  = 0.14) scores from baseline to 6 months’ follow-up assessments among the intervention group ( p  < 0.001). The results also showed a significant interaction effect between group and time. Conclusion The T-Bak intervention was effective in improving back-related behavior in pupils. It is now available and could be evaluated further in back-care related studies. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials IRCT20180528039885N1 , 30th Oct 2018, ‘Prospectively registered’. https://www.irct.ir/trial/31534

This randomized controlled trial compared results obtained after 12 months of nonintensive parent training plus care-as-usual and care-as-usual alone. The training focused on stimulating joint attention and language skills and was based on the intervention described by Drew et al. (Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatr 11:266–272, 2002 ). Seventy-five toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (65 autism, 10 PDD-NOS, mean age = 34.4 months, SD = 6.2) were enrolled. Analyses were conducted on a final sample of 67 children (lost to follow-up = 8). No significant intervention effects were found for any of the primary (language), secondary (global clinical improvement), or mediating (child engagement, early precursors of social communication, or parental skills) outcome variables, suggesting that the ‘Focus parent training’ was not of additional value to the more general care-as-usual.

Background Novel strategies are needed to engage people who use stimulants into the continuum of addiction care. Contingency management (CM) is the most effective intervention for stimulant use disorder and may engage non-treatment-seeking populations, especially when delivered by peer recovery support specialists (peers). We describe development and training for a novel peer-delivered CM program for stimulant use harm reduction and treatment engagement. Methods We used a community based participatory research (CBPR) process to develop a CM program focused on self-identified goals for harm reduction and treatment engagement. A steering committee of peers guided study design, CM rewards, schedule, and incentivized goals. Peers completed coaching-to-criterion of six CM skills based on the CM Competence Scale (CMCS), then completed a one-on-one roleplay with a standardized patient. Coaches rated peer performance of each CMCS skill according to its Likert scale (1 = Very Poor to 7 = Excellent) and an a priori rating criterion of 4 (‘adequate’). Roleplays included feedback and a ‘replay’ of skills, if necessary. Results The steering committee devised two CM interventions: an enhanced standard-of-care incentivizing peer visits ($20 for weekly peer visits) and an intervention that additionally incentivized self-directed goals ($20 for weekly peer visits and $30 for completed goal-related activities). Self-identified goal-related activities were chosen through a collaborative process and organized into 6 domains: (1) overdose/overamping prevention (2) substance use supports/treatment (3) daily living/housing (4) education/employment (5) mental/physical/spiritual health (6) social relationships. Forty-seven peers across nine peer-led organizations (three rural and six urban organizations across Oregon) completed CM training. All 47 peers met the a priori criterion in their roleplay, with seventeen (36%) requiring a ‘replay’ of a skill. Mean CMSC summary scores were 28.51 (SD 4.73) on the first attempt and 29.62 (SD 4.01) on the second attempt. Conclusions PEER-CM (Peers Expanding Engagement in Stimulant Harm Reduction with Contingency Management) is among the first trials to use peer-delivered CM for stimulant use, incentivizing peer engagement and self-identified goals for harm reduction and treatment engagement. A CBPR approach strengthened the study design by incorporating peer guidance. Peers in this large, multisite sample demonstrated adequate CM delivery skills with acceptable fidelity following training. Trial Registration This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 05700994). Registered 26 January, 2023.

\"A research-based curriculum for teachers and clinicians who are seeking ways to help improve behavior and bolster academic performance in adolescents. Drawing on a combination of mindfulness-based therapies, the brief interventions outlined in the book have a ... theoretical basis in both education and psychology, and [may be] effective when it comes to dealing with adolescent students who act out in the classroom\"-- Provided by publisher.

Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue that affects 1 in 3 women globally and a similarly large number of women in Nepal. Over the past decade, important policy and programmatic steps have been taken to address violence against women in Nepal. There remains a dearth of evidence on the effectiveness of primary violence prevention strategies. The Change Starts at Home study begins to fill this gap by utilizing a multi-component social behaviour change communication (SBCC) strategy involving a radio drama and community mobilization to shift attitudes, norms and behaviours that underpin IPV perpetration in Nepal. Methods/Design The study uses a concurrent mixed-methods design. The quantitative aspect of the evaluation is a pair-matched, repeated cross-sectional 2-armed, single-blinded cluster trial (RCT: N  = 36 clusters, 1440 individuals), comparing a social behaviour change communication (SBCC) strategy to radio programming alone for its impact on physical and / or sexual IPV at the end of programming (12 months’ post-baseline) and 6-months post the cessation of project activities (18-months post baseline). The qualitative aspects of the design include several longitudinal approaches to understand the impact of the intervention and to examine mechanisms of change including in-depth interviews with participants ( N  = 18 couples), and focus group discussions with community leaders ( N  = 3 groups), and family members of participants ( N  = 12 groups). Treatment effects will be estimated with generalized logistic mixed models specified to compare differences in primary outcome from baseline to 12-month follow-up, and baseline to 18-months follow-up in accordance with intention-to-treat principles. Discussion The study rigorously evaluates the effectiveness of a promising strategy to prevent IPV. The results of the trial will be immediately useful for governmental, nongovernmental, and donor funded programs targeting partner violence or social norms that underpin it. Findings of the study will also contribute to global knowledge on the effectiveness of media and community engagement as a primary prevention strategy for IPV. Trial registration Trial was registered in clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02942433 , 10/13/2016, retrospectively registered.

Despite the significant burden of stroke in rural China, secondary prevention of stroke is suboptimal. This study aims to develop a SINEMA for the secondary prevention of stroke in rural China and to evaluate the effectiveness of the model compared with usual care. The SINEMA model is being implemented and evaluated through a 1-year cluster-randomized controlled trial in Nanhe County, Hebei Province in China. Fifty villages from 5 townships are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention or the control arm (usual care) with a target to enroll 25 stroke survivors per village. Village doctors in the intervention arm (1) receive systematic cascade training by stroke specialists on clinical guidelines, essential medicines and behavior change; (2) conduct monthly follow-up visits with the support of a mobile phone application designed for this study; (3) participate in virtual group activities with other village doctors; 4) receive performance feedback and payment. Stroke survivors participate in a health education and project briefing session, receive monthly follow-up visits by village doctors and receive a voice message call daily as reminders for medication use and physical activities. Baseline and 1-year follow-up survey will be conducted in all villages by trained staff who are blinded of the randomized allocation of villages. The primary outcome will be systolic blood pressure and the secondary outcomes will include diastolic blood pressure, medication adherence, mobility, physical activity level and quality of life. Process and economic evaluation will also be conducted. This study is one of very few that aim to promote secondary prevention of stroke in resource-constrained settings and the first to incorporate mobile technologies for both healthcare providers and patients in China. The SINEMA model is innovative as it builds the capacity of primary healthcare workers in the rural area, uses mobile health technologies at the point of care, and addresses critical health needs for a vulnerable community-dwelling patient group. The findings of the study will provide translational evidence for other resource-constrained settings in developing strategies for the secondary prevention of stroke.