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"Beirut (Lebanon) Social life and customs."
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Out of History: Postwar Art in Beirut
Beirut's international status dates to the latter half of the nineteenth century, when the port city served as a regional center for missionary, political, and cultural activities.2 During the 1950s and 1960s Lebanon's laissez-faire economy, inherited under the French Mandate (1920-43), and its substantial expatriate community marked the capital as a node in the international trafficking of goods and services-home to over seventeen official religious sects and a place where Arabic, French, and English mixed interchangeably. After a committee of historians repeatedly failed to produce a narrative of the war satisfactory to the country's sectarian factions, the national curriculum concluded Lebanon's history in 1946; when, in 1991 , the government passed a law granting amnesty for war crimes, ex-criminals slid seamlessly into government positions.4 And according to archaeologists and urban historians, the large-scale and extremely profitable postwar reconstruction of Beirut's city center has demolished more architectural and historical ruins than almost two decades of fighting.5 Rather than historicize thee war, official and popular discourses recall an idealized, prewar Lebanon-prompting the literary scholar Saree Mikdasi to ask if Beirut, in fact, is a city without history.6 But a ruinous civil war is impossible to repress, and during the 1990s such efforts to forget were haunted by the Israeli occupation of the Southern border, the political prison of Khiam, and the specter of some seventeen thousand missing individuals.7 The war's contentious position in Lebanon's physical and psychological landscape was the subject of Beirut's first postwar installation work.
Journal Article
Where the Boys Are, at Least for Now, the Girls Pounce
Samir Khalaf, a professor of sociology at the American University of Beirut, said the scene astonished his American colleagues. ''They are just shocked,'' he said. '' 'This is Lebanon, the Middle East?' they say. They can't stop talking about all the belly buttons, about all these highly eroticized bodies. You see it everywhere here, this combination of consumerism and postmodernism and female competition.'' Over the last two decades, the Persian Gulf has become the economic pole, and its pull has only grown stronger since the monthlong war this summer between Israel and the Hezbollah militia in Lebanon. With the political situation here still so uncertain, investment and work opportunities are growing even scarcer, and the gender imbalance worsens. ''The guys that remain in Lebanon are the stupid ones!'' exclaimed Nayiri Kalayjian, 19, who was hitting the bars on Monot Street, in central Beirut, with three girlfriends.
Newspaper Article
The servant
Faten, a young servant girl, has her life changed when she meets Marwen, a young wealthy man, who drives her to challenge Lebanese societal standards.
Book