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In recent years, deep learning has garnered tremendous success in a variety of application domains. This new field of machine learning has been growing rapidly and has been applied to most traditional application domains, as well as some new areas that present more opportunities. Different methods have been proposed based on different categories of learning, including supervised, semi-supervised, and un-supervised learning. Experimental results show state-of-the-art performance using deep learning when compared to traditional machine learning approaches in the fields of image processing, computer vision, speech recognition, machine translation, art, medical imaging, medical information processing, robotics and control, bioinformatics, natural language processing, cybersecurity, and many others. This survey presents a brief survey on the advances that have occurred in the area of Deep Learning (DL), starting with the Deep Neural Network (DNN). The survey goes on to cover Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), Auto-Encoder (AE), Deep Belief Network (DBN), Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). Additionally, we have discussed recent developments, such as advanced variant DL techniques based on these DL approaches. This work considers most of the papers published after 2012 from when the history of deep learning began. Furthermore, DL approaches that have been explored and evaluated in different application domains are also included in this survey. We also included recently developed frameworks, SDKs, and benchmark datasets that are used for implementing and evaluating deep learning approaches. There are some surveys that have been published on DL using neural networks and a survey on Reinforcement Learning (RL). However, those papers have not discussed individual advanced techniques for training large-scale deep learning models and the recently developed method of generative models.

This paper aims to present a comprehensive survey on water quality soft-sensing of a wastewater treatment process (WWTP) based on artificial neural networks (ANNs). We mainly present problem formulation of water quality soft-sensing, common soft-sensing models, practical soft-sensing examples and discussion on the performance of soft-sensing models. In details, problem formulation includes characteristic analysis and modeling principle of water quality soft-sensing. The common soft-sensing models mainly include a back-propagation neural network, radial basis function neural network, fuzzy neural network (FNN), echo state network (ESN), growing deep belief network and deep belief network with event-triggered learning (DBN-EL). They are compared in terms of accuracy, efficiency and computational complexity with partial-least-square-regression DBN (PLSR-DBN), growing ESN, sparse deep belief FNN, self-organizing DBN, wavelet-ANN and self-organizing cascade neural network (SCNN). In addition, this paper generally discusses and explains what factors affect the accuracy of the ANNs-based soft-sensing models. Finally, this paper points out several challenges in soft-sensing models of WWTP, which may be helpful for researchers and practitioner to explore the future solutions for their particular applications.

Deep learning is a wildly popular topic in machine learning and is structured as a series of nonlinear layers that learns various levels of data representations. Deep learning employs numerous layers to represent data abstractions to implement various computer models. Deep learning approaches like generative, discriminative models and model transfer have transformed information processing. This article proposes a comprehensive review of various deep learning algorithms Multi layer perception, Self-organizing map and deep belief networks algorithms. It first briefly introduces historical and recent state-of-the-art reviews with suitable architectures and implementation steps. Moreover, the various applications of those algorithms in various fields such as wireless networks, Adhoc networks, Mobile ad-hoc and vehicular ad-hoc networks, speech recognition engineering, medical applications, natural language processing, material science and remote sensing applications, etc. are classified.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic outbreak has devastating effects on daily lives and healthcare systems worldwide. This newly recognized virus is highly transmissible, and no clinically approved vaccine or antiviral medicine is currently available. Early diagnosis of infected patients through effective screening is needed to control the rapid spread of this virus. Chest radiography imaging is an effective diagnosis tool for COVID-19 virus and follow-up. Here, a novel hybrid multimodal deep learning system for identifying COVID-19 virus in chest X-ray (CX-R) images is developed and termed as the COVID-DeepNet system to aid expert radiologists in rapid and accurate image interpretation. First, Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) and Butterworth bandpass filter were applied to enhance the contrast and eliminate the noise in CX-R images, respectively. Results from two different deep learning approaches based on the incorporation of a deep belief network and a convolutional deep belief network trained from scratch using a large-scale dataset were then fused. Parallel architecture, which provides radiologists a high degree of confidence to distinguish healthy and COVID-19 infected people, was considered. The proposed COVID-DeepNet system can correctly and accurately diagnose patients with COVID-19 with a detection accuracy rate of 99.93%, sensitivity of 99.90%, specificity of 100%, precision of 100%, F1-score of 99.93%, MSE of 0.021%, and RMSE of 0.016% in a large-scale dataset. This system shows efficiency and accuracy and can be used in a real clinical center for the early diagnosis of COVID-19 virus and treatment follow-up with less than 3 s per image to make the final decision.

With the rapid growth of power systems measurements in terms of size and complexity, discovering statistical patterns for a large variety of real-world applications such as renewable energy prediction, demand response, energy disaggregation, and state estimation is considered a crucial challenge. In recent years, deep learning has emerged as a novel class of machine learning algorithms that represents power systems data via a large hypothesis space that leads to the state-of-the-art performance compared to most recent data-driven algorithms. This study explores the theoretical advantages of deep representation learning in power systems research. We review deep learning methodologies presented and applied in a wide range of supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised applications as well as reinforcement learning tasks. We discuss various settings of problems solved by discriminative deep models including stacked autoencoders and convolutional neural networks as well as generative deep architectures such as deep belief networks and variational autoencoders. The theoretical and experimental analysis of deep neural networks in this study motivates long- term research on optimizing this cutting-edge class of models to achieve significant improvements in the future power systems research.

This study is focused on enhancing the computational efficiency of the solid isotropic material with penalization (SIMP) approach implemented for solving topology optimization problems. Solving such problems might become extremely time-consuming; in this direction, machine learning (ML) and specifically deep neural computing are integrated in order to accelerate the optimization procedure. The capability of ML-based computational models to extract multiple levels of representation of non-linear input data has been implemented successfully in various problems ranging from time series prediction to pattern recognition. The later one triggered the development of the methodology proposed in the current study that is based on deep belief networks (DBNs). More specifically, a DBN is calibrated on transforming the input data to a new higher-level representation. Input data contains the density fluctuation pattern of the finite element discretization provided by the initial steps of SIMP approach, and output data corresponds to the resulted density values distribution over the domain as obtained by SIMP. The representation capabilities and the computational advantages offered by the proposed DBN-based methodology coupled with the SIMP approach are investigated in several benchmark topology optimization test examples where it is observed more than one order of magnitude reduction on the iterations that were originally required by SIMP, while the advantages become more pronounced in case of large-scale problems.

Humans with good health condition is some more difficult in today’s life, because of changing food habit and environment. So we need awareness about the health condition to the survival. The health-support systems faces significant challenges like lack of adequate medical information, preventable errors, data threat, misdiagnosis, and delayed transmission. To overcome this problem, here we proposed wearable sensor which is connected to Internet of things (IoT) based big data i.e. data mining analysis in healthcare. Moreover, here we design Generalize approximate Reasoning base Intelligence Control (GARIC) with regression rules to gather the information about the patient from the IoT. Finally, Train the data to the Artificial intelligence (AI) with the use of deep learning mechanism Boltzmann belief network. Subsequently Regularization _ Genome wide association study (GWAS) is used to predict the diseases. Thus, if the people has affected by some diseases they will get warning by SMS, emails. Etc., after that they got some treatments and advisory from the doctors.

Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the most important and successfully additive manufacturing processes in 3D metal printing technologies. Critical quality issues such as porosity, surface roughness, crack, and delamination continue to present challenges within SLM-manufactured parts. Monitoring and in-process defect diagnosis are the key to improving the final part quality. Currently, it greatly hinders the adaptability and the development within the defect detection system since the setup restricts the vision and photo diode applications in the SLM process monitoring. Additionally, defect detection with traditional classification approaches makes the system rather complex due to introducing a series of steps. To meet these needs, this study proposes a novel method for the defect detection within the SLM parts. The setup was flexibly conducted using a microphone, and the defect detection was obtained by the framework of deep belief network (DBN). It is implemented by a simplified classification structure without signal preprocessing and feature extraction. The experimental results showed that the utilization of acoustic signals was workable for quality monitoring, and the DBN approach could reach high defect detection rate among five melted states without signal preprocessing.

In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid text classification model based on deep belief network and softmax regression. To solve the sparse high-dimensional matrix computation problem of texts data, a deep belief network is introduced. After the feature extraction with DBN, softmax regression is employed to classify the text in the learned feature space. In pre-training procedures, the deep belief network and softmax regression are first trained, respectively. Then, in the fine-tuning stage, they are transformed into a coherent whole and the system parameters are optimized with Limited-memory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno algorithm. The experimental results on Reuters-21,578 and 20-Newsgroup corpus show that the proposed model can converge at fine-tuning stage and perform significantly better than the classical algorithms, such as SVM and KNN.

Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, which can effectively analyze massive amounts of fault data and automatically provide accurate diagnosis results, have been widely applied to fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. Conventional AI methods are applied using features selected by a human operator, which are manually extracted based on diagnostic techniques and field expertise. However, developing robust features for each diagnostic purpose is often labour-intensive and time-consuming, and the features extracted for one specific task may be unsuitable for others. In this paper, a novel AI method based on a deep belief network (DBN) is proposed for the unsupervised fault diagnosis of a gear transmission chain, and the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the structural parameters of the network. Compared to the conventional AI methods, the proposed method can adaptively exploit robust features related to the faults by unsupervised feature learning, thus requires less prior knowledge about signal processing techniques and diagnostic expertise. Besides, it is more powerful at modelling complex structured data. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using datasets from rolling bearings and gearbox. To show the superiority of the proposed method, its performance is compared with two well-known classifiers, i.e., back propagation neural network (BPNN) and support vector machine (SVM). The fault classification accuracies are 99.26% for rolling bearings and 100% for gearbox when using the proposed method, which are much higher than that of the other two methods.