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IntroductionCerebral glucose hypometabolism has been identified in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prior to symptom onset. Dynamic fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and Amyloid-PET provide kinetic and functional assessment of early pathological changes in AD.MethodsA scoping review was performed using PubMed and OVID database. A structured search strategy was created and systematically reviewed to include papers published up until September 2nd, 2024. Title and abstracts were screened to include relevant literature, and bibliographies were also searched to identify other relevant literature.ResultsA total of 36 papers were included from the search strategy, and a further 7 from screening bibliographies. A significant reduction of CMRgluc was seen across all cortical brain regions in AD compared to healthy controls, most significantly in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. A reduction of k1 and k3 was also evident in these regions. Dynamic Amyloid-PET scans have found comparable metabolic distribution patterns to FDG-PET and have the additional benefit of being able to identify regions of amyloid binding and deposition.Key messagesUsing dynamic PET to understand the kinetic properties FDG and Amyloid tracer enables early diagnosis of AD, monitoring of progression, prompt initiation, and monitoring of treatments.smph-west-operational@sheffield.ac.uk

In 2023, the culture celebrated the 50th birthday of Hip Hop. While there is an ongoing argument of when Hip Hop started, Hip Hop culture marked Clive \"DJ Kool Herc\" Campbell's legendary 1973 party at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue in the Bronx, NY as the day to commemorate its humble beginnings. This work provides a bibliographical list of published articles, interviews, book reviews, forthcoming books, and live performances from various artists that made a major impact on Hip Hop. In particular, the bibliography highlights the mark that Hip Hop has made on fashion, the economy, language, and the unique contributions that artists from various geographic regions of the country (i.e., East coast, West coast, Midwest, and South/The Dirty South) have made on Hip Hop. Methodologically, I started with a Google search of phrases such as \"50th Anniversary of Hip Hop\" and then used those sources to find additional sources that contributed to this list. This compilation is by no means exhaustive, so it is my hope that current and future Hip Hoppers will make their personal contributions to this enormous undertaking. Peace!

Nowadays, the importance of bibliographic databases (DBs) has increased enormously, as they are the main providers of publication metadata and bibliometric indicators universally used both for research assessment practices and for performing daily tasks. Because the reliability of these tasks firstly depends on the data source, all users of the DBs should be able to choose the most suitable one. Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus are the two main bibliographic DBs. The comprehensive evaluation of the DBs’ coverage is practically impossible without extensive bibliometric analyses or literature reviews, but most DBs users do not have bibliometric competence and/or are not willing to invest additional time for such evaluations. Apart from that, the convenience of the DB’s interface, performance, provided impact indicators and additional tools may also influence the users’ choice. The main goal of this work is to provide all of the potential users with an all-inclusive description of the two main bibliographic DBs by gathering the findings that are presented in the most recent literature and information provided by the owners of the DBs at one place. This overview should aid all stakeholders employing publication and citation data in selecting the most suitable DB.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Composite bibliography

This paper introduces a novel scientometrics method and applies it to estimate the subject coverages of many of the popular English-focused bibliographic databases in academia. The method uses query results as a common denominator to compare a wide variety of search engines, repositories, digital libraries, and other bibliographic databases. The method extends existing sampling-based approaches that analyze smaller sets of database coverages. The findings show the relative and absolute subject coverages of 56 databases—information that has often not been available before. Knowing the databases’ absolute subject coverage allows the selection of the most comprehensive databases for searches requiring high recall/sensitivity, particularly relevant in lookup or exploratory searches. Knowing the databases’ relative subject coverage allows the selection of specialized databases for searches requiring high precision/specificity, particularly relevant in systematic searches. The findings illustrate not only differences in the disciplinary coverage of Google Scholar, Scopus, or Web of Science, but also of less frequently analyzed databases. For example, researchers might be surprised how Meta (discontinued), Embase, or Europe PMC are found to cover more records than PubMed in Medicine and other health subjects. These findings should encourage researchers to re-evaluate their go-to databases, also against newly introduced options. Searching with more comprehensive databases can improve finding, particularly when selecting the most fitting databases needs particular thought, such as in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This comparison can also help librarians and other information experts re-evaluate expensive database procurement strategies. Researchers without institutional access learn which open databases are likely most comprehensive in their disciplines.