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This book adopts a methodical approach to provide a novel exploration of the effects of GM crops on global economy, as well as examining the links between GM and food security at global and regional levels. The environmental implications of GM are also considered, by comparing pesticide use and efficiency in GM and non-GM countries.

The first blood-based cancer diagnostic to exploit free-floating exosomes became commercially available in the US on January 21. The launch of this liquid biopsy from Exosome Diagnostics of Cambridge, Massachusetts, marks a step towards maturity for the fledgling science of exosome biology. Investment has also begun to flow into the area: on January 7, Exosome Diagnostics raised $60 million in a Series B round, and shortly afterwards, Woburn, Massachusettsbased Codiak Biosciences, a company pursuing both diagnostic and therapeutic applications, closed a $61-million B round, taking to $92 million its total raise since its emergence last November. Fundamental questions about the biology of exosomes remain unanswered, however, and scale up for high-throughput diagnostics remains a work in progress. For use as therapeutics, the industrial-manufacturing challenges will be even greater. This will be the gating event for turning this into a broadly applicable platform, says Codiaks founding CEO Doug Williams.

Circular bioeconomy is gaining prominence in academic, policy, and industry contexts, linking circular economy and bioeconomy agendas in service of sustainability. However, it is at risk of developing in narrow, unsustainable ways. A sustainable path to circular bioeconomies must embrace diverse expert and stakeholder input, multiple solutions, and noneconomic value.

Production of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is becoming increasingly popular owing to its environmentally friendly properties. Based on this benefit of BNC production, researchers have also begun to examine the capacity for cellulose production through microbial hosts. Indeed, several research groups have developed processes for BNC production, and many studies have been published to date, with the goal of developing methods for large-scale production. During BNC bioproduction, the culture medium represents approximately 30 % of the total cost. Therefore, one important and challenging aspect of the fermentation process is identification of a new cost-effective culture medium that can facilitate the production of high yields within short periods of time, thereby improving BNC production and permitting application of BNC in the biotechnological, medical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. In this review, we addressed different aspects of BNC production, including types of fermentation processes and culture media, with the aim of demonstrating the importance of these parameters.

A growing world population and a growing number of applications for vegetable oils are generating an increasing demand for these oils, causing serious environmental problems. A sustainable lipid production is then fundamental to address these problems. Oleaginous yeasts are a promising solution for sustainable lipid production, but, with the current knowledge and technology, they are still not a serious alternative in the market. In this review, the potential of these yeasts is highlighted and a discussion is made mainly focused on the economics of the oleaginous yeast oil production and identification of the key points to be improved to achieve lower production costs and higher income. Three main stages of the production process, where costs are higher, were identified. To render economically feasible the production of oils using oleaginous yeasts, a reduction in production costs must occur in all stages, lipid yields and productivities must be improved, and production must be targeted to high-value product applications.

This groundbreaking book is the first comparative analysis of the relative strengths of global bioregions. Growth Cultures investigates the rapidly growing phenomena of biotechnology and sets this study within a knowledge economy context. Philip Cooke proposes a new knowledge-focused theoretical framework, 'the New Global Bioeconomy', against which to test empirical characteristics of biotechnology. In this timely volume, Cooke unifies concepts from the sociology of science, economic sociology and evolutionary economic geography to focus on the problems and prospects for policy agencies worldwide trying to build 'biotechnology clusters'. He develops a superior policy approach of thinking in terms of platforms that integrate proximities and pipelines, which will be of significant interest for the scientific and technological communities as well as economic development policy communities. Growth Cultures will make fascinating reading for students, policy makers and researchers across management and business studies, innovation and knowledge studies, sociology, science and technology policy, applied economics, development studies and regional science.

The \"bioeconomy\" is the idea of economic activity involving the sustainable exploitation of biological resources. This book illustrates state of the art perspectives in the development of the bioeconomy across the world, taking an economic and policy perspective, and identifies potential future pathways and issues.

US biotech sector revenue is estimated to have grown on average >10% each year over the past decade—much faster than the rest of the economy. A more comprehensive assessment of biotech's economic contribution, however, will require improved data collection, classification and analysis.

Enthusiasm for using biotech to meet societal energy challenges is at levels not seen since the early 1980s, when understanding and capability in the life sciences were at a radically different stage of development than today. For cellulosic ethanol to become a reality, biotechnological solutions should focus on optimizing the conversion of biomass to sugars.