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LandauaZener spin transitions in Fe2+aFe2+ quantum dots controlling dislocation mobility in NaCl:Fe crystals
Magnetic field induces transition in the distorted Fe2+aFe2+ pairs (quantum dots) from the initial bonding singlet state to the high spin antibonding state providing decay of the pairs for two separated Fe2+ ions. Dislocations moving under internal stresses easily overcome separated Fe2+ ions in comparison with Fe2+aFe2+ pairs lying close to the glide plane. Non-monotonous field dependence of dislocation displacements under internal stresses governed by short (100 I14s) impulse of high magnetic fields up to 31 T was revealed in NaCl:Fe crystals. This non-typical dependence is the fingerprint of the LandauaZener non-adiabatic spin transition between singlet and high spin states in quantum dots distorted by mechanical stresses of moving dislocations.
Journal Article
LED die-on-chip integration for fluorescencedetection applications
Conventional fluorescence-detection systems typically involve a separate laser excitation source shining directly down towards the photodetectors, with the fluorescent sample in-between. A major issue with such systems is the strong excitation light signal that can saturate detection circuitry and/or make detection of the fluorescent signal difficult, even with optical filtering. A fluorescence-detection system is described consisting of light emitting diode dies bonded on top of a CMOS imaging chip. Such a system facilitates a high level of integration while potentially reducing the excitation light hitting the photodetectors. Model results are used to predict the shape of the imager response to excitation light. Experimental results confirm the validity of the model. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Journal Article
Animal wise : how we know animals think and feel
This book explores the frontiers of research on animal cognition and emotion, offering a surprising examination into the hearts and minds of wild and domesticated animals. Have you ever wondered what it is like to be a fish? Or a parrot, dolphin, or an elephant? Do they experience thoughts that are similar to ours, or have feelings of grief and love? These are tough questions, but scientists are answering them. They know that ants teach and rats love to be tickled. They have discovered that dogs have thousand-word vocabularies and that birds practice their songs in their sleep. But how do scientists know these things? This book takes us on a dazzling odyssey into the inner world of animals and among the pioneering researchers who are leading the way into once-forbidden territory: the animal mind. Here the author transports us to field sites and laboratories around the world, introducing us to animal-cognition scientists and their surprisingly intelligent and sensitive subjects. She explores how this rapidly evolving, controversial field has only recently overturned old notions about why animals behave as they do. In this she brings the world of nature brilliantly alive in a nuanced, deeply felt appreciation of the human-animal bond. -- From book jacket.
Book
Morphological change induced with NaOHawater solution for ramie fiber: change mechanism and effects of concentration and temperature
The morphology of ramie fiber treated with NaOHawater solutions at various concentrations was observed with an epi-illumination microscope (EIM) equipped with a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The crystallinity was measured by X-ray diffraction. The morphological changes in length and width were quantified using image analysis. Changes in morphology were noted for samples treated with NaOHawater solutions at room temperature in the narrow concentration range of 0.08 < [NaOH] aBB 0.12. For samples cooled at a5 degree C after treatment, the morphological changes started at a lower concentration, i.e., at [NaOH] = 0.05. The change was observed as contraction in length and swelling in width. The mechanism for this dimensional change related closely not to the conformation of the whole microfibril but to the crystallinity of cellulose chains that had been de-crystallized by the NaOHawater solution: the calculated bond angle was too small for a zigzag conformation of the whole microfibril.
Journal Article
200 GHz 1W semiconductor disc laser emitting 800 fs pulses
Passive harmonic modelocking in a flip-chip semiconductor disc laser at a 193 GHz repetition rate with 900 mW of output power and a pulse duration of 830 fs is demonstrated. The high harmonic frequency is obtained via coupling of the laser cavity to an intracavity diamond heat spreader bonded to a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Journal Article
Animals, diseases, and human health : shaping our lives now and in the future
\"This book explains how animals shape our lives and our health, providing evidence that a \"One Health\" approach is the only logical methodology for advancing human health in the future\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
High-performance piezoelectric composites via β phase programming
Polymer-ceramic piezoelectric composites, combining high piezoelectricity and mechanical flexibility, have attracted increasing interest in both academia and industry. However, their piezoelectric activity is largely limited by intrinsically low crystallinity and weak spontaneous polarization. Here, we propose a Ti
3
C
2
T
x
MXene anchoring method to manipulate the intermolecular interactions within the all-
trans
conformation of a polymer matrix. Employing phase-field simulation and molecular dynamics calculations, we show that OH surface terminations on the Ti
3
C
2
T
x
nanosheets offer hydrogen bonding with the fluoropolymer matrix, leading to dipole alignment and enhanced net spontaneous polarization of the polymer-ceramic composites. We then translated this interfacial bonding strategy into electrospinning to boost the piezoelectric response of samarium doped Pb (Mg
1/3
Nb
2/3
)O
3
-PbTiO
3
/polyvinylidene fluoride composite nanofibers by 160% via Ti
3
C
2
T
x
nanosheets inclusion. With excellent piezoelectric and mechanical attributes, the as-electrospun piezoelectric nanofibers can be easily integrated into the conventional shoe insoles to form a foot sensor network for all-around gait patterns monitoring, walking habits identification and Metatarsalgi prognosis. This work utilizes the interfacial coupling mechanism of intermolecular anchoring as a strategy to develop high-performance piezoelectric composites for wearable electronics.
The piezoelectricity of PVDF composites is mainly determined by the crystalline phases and spontaneous polarization. Here, the authors propose a Ti
3
C
2
T
x
anchoring method to modulate the molecular interactions and conformation of polymer matrix.
Journal Article