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"Bronze age Jordan."
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The Dawn of the Bronze Age
The Dawn of the Bronze Age offers a detailed archaeological account of the material culture and the pattern of settlement in the eastern Jordan valley and the desert fringes of Samaria during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age I periods.
eBook
Kataret es-Samra, Jordan : the 1985 excavation and survey
\"This volume presents the results of a brief program of survey and excavation conducted under the directorship of the author at the site of Kataret es-Samra, strategically located at the interface of the ghor and the zor of the Eastern Jordan Valley, to the north of the confluence of the Wadi Zarqa (Biblical Jabbok). It reports on the excavation of a Middle Bronze/Late Bronze Age tomb that contained eleven interments strengthening the argument, suggested by earlier salvage work at the site, that this is but part of an extensive MB-LB cemetery. Material recovered from both survey and soundings on neighboring 'Tell' Kataret es-Samra suggest that it was most probably the home of those who were buried in the tomb. Study of the pottery and other facets of material culture from both tomb and tell has been brought up-to-date and incorporated into the status of present scholarship through the contributions of Teresa Burge and Peter Fischer, emphasizing comparanda from Transjordanian (occupational) sites excavated since the Kataret es-Samra field work was completed in 1985. Study of the faunal remains (Priscilla Lange) suggest that the settlement at Kataret es-Samra was based primarily on a pastoral economy\"--Publisher description.
Book
Timeless Vale
The Jordan Valley continues to present many fascinating facets: a barrier as well as a demographic centre, a steppe as well as a fertile agricultural zone, and a region inhabited by a mix of different ethnic groups, cultures and ideas. This rich volume, written in honour of the Leiden archaeologist Gerrit van der Kooij, presents a wealth of research material from wide range of scholars. Chronologically and thematically diverse, the chapters include material on, among others, historical reports of the Zerqa Triangle; the palaeoecology of the Hula area; Khirbet Kerak Ware found at Jericho; the Jordan Valley during the Early Bronze Age; clay tablets of Tell Deir 'Alla; a shrine model from Tel Kinrot; an anthropomorphic statue from Tell Damiyah; and sugar production in Jericho during the Ayyubid and Mamluk periods. Also incuded is an overview of Dutch cultural and archaeological activities in Jordan during the last fifty years. This title can be previewed in Google Books - http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9789087280765.
eBook
Bâb Edh-Dhrâ
No detailed description available for \"Bâb edh-Dhrâ': Excavations at the Town Site (1975-1981), 2 part set\".
eBook
NEW AMS CHRONOLOGY FOR THE EARLY BRONZE III/IV TRANSITION AT KHIRBAT ISKANDAR, JORDAN
We present the first Bayesian 14C modeling based on AMS ages from stratified sediments representing continuous occupation across the Early Bronze III/IV interface in the Southern Levant. This new high-precision modeling incorporates 12 calibrated AMS ages from Khirbat Iskandar Area C using OxCal 4.4.4 and the IntCal 20 calibration curve to specify the EB III/IV transition at or slightly before 2500 cal BCE. Our results contribute to the continuing emergence of a high chronology for the Levantine Early Bronze Age, which shifts the end of EB III 200–300 years earlier than the traditional time frame and increases the length of EB IV to about 500 years. Data from Khirbat Iskandar also help direct greater attention to the importance of sedentary communities through EB IV, in contrast to the traditional emphasis on non-sedentary pastoral encampments and cemeteries. Modeling of AMS data from Khirbat Iskandar bolsters the ongoing revision of Early Bronze Age Levantine chronology and its growing interpretive independence from Egyptian history and contributes particularly to re-examination of the EB III/IV nexus in the Southern Levant.
Journal Article
Fluctuating radiocarbon offsets observed in the southern Levant and implications for archaeological chronology debates
Considerable work has gone into developing high-precision radiocarbon (14C) chronologies for the southern Levant region during the Late Bronze to Iron Age/early Biblical periods (∼1200–600 BC), but there has been little consideration whether the current standard Northern Hemisphere 14C calibration curve (IntCal13) is appropriate for this region. We measured 14C ages of calendar-dated tree rings from AD 1610 to 1940 from southern Jordan to investigate contemporary 14C levels and to compare these with IntCal13. Our data reveal an average offset of ∼19 14C years, but, more interestingly, this offset seems to vary in importance through time. While relatively small, such an offset has substantial relevance to high-resolution 14C chronologies for the southern Levant, both archaeological and paleoenvironmental. For example, reconsidering two published studies, we find differences, on average, of 60% between the 95.4% probability ranges determined from IntCal13 versus those approximately allowing for the observed offset pattern. Such differences affect, and even potentially undermine, several current archaeological and historical positions and controversies.
Journal Article
Stable Carbon Isotope Evidence for Neolithic and Bronze Age Crop Water Management in the Eastern Mediterranean and Southwest Asia
In a large study on early crop water management, stable carbon isotope discrimination was determined for 275 charred grain samples from nine archaeological sites, dating primarily to the Neolithic and Bronze Age, from the Eastern Mediterranean and Western Asia. This has revealed that wheat (Triticum spp.) was regularly grown in wetter conditions than barley (Hordeum sp.), indicating systematic preferential treatment of wheat that may reflect a cultural preference for wheat over barley. Isotopic analysis of pulse crops (Lens culinaris, Pisum sativum and Vicia ervilia) indicates cultivation in highly varied water conditions at some sites, possibly as a result of opportunistic watering practices. The results have also provided evidence for local land-use and changing agricultural practices.
Journal Article
A Large Copper Artefacts Assemblage of Fazael, Jordan Valley
Late Chalcolithic metallurgy developed in the southern Levant simultaneously with other crafts and new social institutions, reflecting advances in social organization, cults and technology. Until recently, copper items were mostly found in the Negev and Judean Desert, while other areas, specifically the Jordan Valley, were considered poor, with limited copper finds. Recent excavations at Late Chalcolithic Fazael in the Jordan Valley yielded dozens of copper items that allow for the first time a comprehensive study of copper items from this area. The assemblage is one of the largest of any site in the Late Chalcolithic period and includes most of the known components of the Late Chalcolithic copper industry. The current paper presents the new metallurgical discoveries from the Fazael Basin and discusses their significance to our understanding of the Late Chalcolithic copper industry.
Journal Article