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Forms of Aid
Das Thema Entwicklungszusammenarbeit rückt seit einiger Zeit auch in den Fokus der Ausbildung von Architekten. Doch es gibt bislang kaum Ansätze, die die Arbeit von Architekten und Stadtplaner in diesem Kontext kritisch zu situieren. Das Buch befasst sich mit den architektonischen Folgen humanitärer Aktionen anhand von drei Fallstudien in Port-au-Prince, der Westbank und Nairobi. Aus typologischen und konstruktiven Untersuchungen von zwölf Projekten erarbeiten die Autoren eine differenzierte Position im Diskurs um kurzfristig erstellbare Wohnbauten in Notsituationen. Sie analysieren die weitreichenden Auswirkungen solcher architektonischen Hilfsaktionen und liefern Architekten, Stadtplanern und NGOs nützliche Hinweise für künftige Planungen.
For some time now, the subject of cooperation in the context of development aid has featured in the education of architects. However, up to now there have hardly been any attempts to critically place the work of architects and urban designers in this context. The book highlights the architectural consequences of humanitarian actions on the basis of three case studies – in Port-au-Prince, the West Bank, and Nairobi. The authors analyze twelve projects in terms of typology and construction and establish a differentiated position in the discourse on short-term housing for emergency situations. They investigate the far-reaching effects of such architectural aid and supply architects, town planners, and NGOs with useful advice for future planning and design.
eBook
Architecture in motion : the history and development of portable building
\"Architecture in Motion explores the genre of portable, transportable, demountable and temporary architecture. Moving buildings are among the earliest artefacts created by man, and yet they have a persisting relevance that enables a Bedouin tent to exist in the same world as a 90,000-ton aircraft carrier. The third edition of this definitive study examines the development of the moveable building from prehistory to the present day. From familiar vernacular models such as the tent, mobile home and houseboat, to developments in military and construction engineering, all aspects of portable architecture are considered. The impact of innovative technology on the creation of portable architecture and its influence on static and permanent building design is explored. The book makes comparisons between current, commercially available products and the work of innovative designers. It explores the philosophical and technological issues raised by contemporary, experimental and futuristic prototypes, and examines the suitability to purpose of portable building solutions in shelter after disaster situations. Key examples of contemporary portable buildings are examined to reveal the exciting, innovative. A greater understanding of the nature of transitory architecture could result in a new, ecologically aware design strategy that prioritises buildings that 'tread lightly on the earth' and still convey the sense of identity and community necessary for an established responsible society. This book offers readers a unique insight into this continuously important field of design\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Temporary Palaces
The Great Houses of the prehistoric and early medieval periods were enormous structures whose forms were modelled on those of domestic dwellings. Most were built of wood rather than stone; they were used over comparatively short periods; they were frequently replaced in the same positions; and some were associated with exceptional groups of artefacts. Their construction made considerable demands on human labour and approached the limits of what was possible at the time. They seem to have played specialised roles in ancient society, but they have been difficult to interpret. Were they public buildings or the dwellings of important people? Were they temples or military bases, and why were they erected during times of crisis or change? How were their sites selected, and how were they related to the remains of a more ancient past? Although their currency extended from the time of the first farmers to the Viking Age, the similarities between the Great Houses are as striking as the differences. This study focuses on the monumental buildings of northern and northwestern Europe, but draws on structures over a wide area, extending from Anatolia as far as Brittany and Norway. It employs ethnography as a source of ideas and discusses the concept of the House Society and its usefulness in archaeology. The main examples are taken from the Neolithic and Iron Age periods, but this account also draws on the archaeology of the first millennium AD. The book emphasises the importance of comparing archaeological sequences with one another rather than identifying ideal social types. In doing so, it features a range of famous and less famous sites, from Stonehenge to the Hill of Tara, and from Old Uppsala to Yeavering.
eBook
Temporary structure design
A comprehensive guide to temporary structures in construction projects
Temporary Structure Design is the first book of its kind, presenting students and professionals with authoritative coverage of the major concepts in designing temporary construction structures. Beginning with a review of statistics, it presents the core topics needed to fully comprehend the design of temporary structures: strength of materials; types of loads on temporary structures; scaffolding design; soil properties and soil loading; soldier beam, lagging, and tiebacks; sheet piling and strutting; pressure and forces on formwork and falsework; concrete formwork design; falsework; bracing and guying; trestles and equipment bridges; and the support of existing structures.
Temporary structures during construction include scaffolding, formwork, shoring, ramps, platforms, earth-retaining structures, and other construction structures that are not part of the permanent installation. These structures are less regulated and monitored than most other parts of the construction process, even though they are often supporting tons of steel or concrete—and the safety of all workers on the site depends on these structures to perform as designed. Unfortunately, most tragic failures occur during construction and are usually the result of improperly designed, constructed, and/or maintained temporary structures. Temporary Structure Design fills an important need in the literature by providing a trusted, comprehensive guide to designing temporary construction structures.
* Serves as the first book to provide a design-oriented approach to the design of temporary structures
* Includes coverage of the various safety considerations inherent in temporary structure design and construction
* Provides information on estimating cost and schedules for these specialized structures
* Covers formwork and falsework, as well as personnel protection, production support, environmental protection, and foundational structures
If you're a student or a professional working in the field of construction or structural engineering, Temporary Structure Design is a must-have resource you'll turn to again and again.
eBook
Mobile and rapidly assembled structures IV
Structures that move in the course of normal use, or which have to be assembled or erected rapidly on a relatively unprepared site, offer a particular challenge to the designer. The interaction between the structure and the mechanism by which it moves is essential in these cases. The speed of assembly, what this means in terms of logistics, materials and cost, is a major factor in many such structures. Mobile and rapidly assembled structures play a major role in disaster mitigation and temporary accommodation. They are of primary importance in many military as well as civilian applications and are widely used for rescue and maintenance services. Their importance continues to grow in contemporary society where speed of response is of primary importance. There are common problems such as the efficient design of assembly joints, the resistance to damage of the membrane and metal cladding, crashworthiness and the limits of serviceability. Some areas of the subject are already well documented, but knowledge is fragmented and there is little design guidance available in the form of textbooks, data sheets or codes of practice. The interaction between morphology, kinematic behaviour and structural performance – typical for these structures – poses real challenges in terms of design and successful realisation. This multi-disciplinary proceedings volume contains papers presented at the fourth International Conference on Mobile, Adaptable and Rapidly Assembled Structures. Topics covered include: Temporary Structures and Dwellings; Engineering Transformation; Rapidly Assembled Kit-of-parts Systems; Innovative Approached; Tensegrity and Reciprocal Frames.
eBook
Ground rules for humanitarian design
Delve deep into the complex issues surrounding humanitarian design Ground Rules in Humanitarian Design establishes essential foundations for thinking about humanitarian design and its role in global change.
eBook
The role of temporary accommodation buildings for post-disaster housing reconstruction
The number of houses damaged or destroyed after disasters is frequently large, and re-housing of homeless people is one of the most important tasks of reconstruction programs. Reconstruction works often last long, and during that time, it is essential to provide victims with the minimum conditions to live with dignity, privacy, and protection. This research intends to demonstrate the crucial role of temporary accommodation buildings to provide spaces where people can live and gradually resume their life until they have a permanent house. The study also aims to identify the main problems of temporary accommodation strategies and to discuss some principles and guidelines in order to reach better design solutions. It is found that temporary accommodation is an issue that goes beyond the simple provision of buildings, since the whole space for temporary settlement is important. Likewise, temporary accommodation is a process that should start before a disaster occurs, as a preventive pre-planning. In spite of being temporary constructions, these housing buildings are one of the most important elements to provide in emergency scenarios, contributing for better recovery and reconstruction actions.
Journal Article
Enhancing Temporary Housing Models for Disaster Resilience: Insights Drawn from Post-Disaster Experiences in Korea
Recently, disaster damages have become more widespread due to climate change and the interaction between disasters, and the complexity of solving this problem is increasing. Consequently, many buildings have been severely affected, with some houses being razed or flooded, losing their residential function. The damage to housing facilities not only destroys the life-cycles of individuals and households but also causes functional loss and productivity decrease in local communities. As a countermeasure, the central and local governments provide their citizens with housing facilities, such as temporary housing, to make their lives stable. This study conducted interviews with disaster victims who experienced housing damage from various natural disasters, from the victims of the earthquake in Pohang in 2017 to the landslide in Yecheon and Bonghwa in 2023, and victims who lived in temporary housing between 2017 and 2024 immediately after they suffered such disasters. It then investigated the housing facilities themselves. The study conducted in-depth interviews through one-on-one meetings with the disaster victims directly and their satisfaction levels with their temporary housing facilities were investigated. This study also explored certain issues to be improved on and inconveniences in housing through the statements and experiences of the disaster victims. Based on the interviews, the study identified and gathered the actual problems in and of the housing facilities. Furthermore, based on the results of these investigations, this study developed modular temporary housing units which reflect the various needs and demands of different households. This study contributes to the stability in the living situations of disaster victims. It increases the disaster resilience of the local communities.
Journal Article