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The principal objectives of this study were to determine how government spending on human capital, specifically on education and healthcare, impacts Saudi Arabia’s economic growth and its policy implications for sustained economic growth and development. Given the above objectives, this study examined the short-term dynamics and long-term relationships between government spending on human capital, measured by per capita education and healthcare expenditures, and its impact on Saudi Arabia’s economic growth, measured by per capita real GDP, from 1985 to 2021. The Non-linear Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) models were used to estimate and examine the relationships. The study concluded that per capita GDP is negatively correlated with per capita government spending on healthcare and positively correlated with per capita spending on education in Saudi Arabia. Per capita GDP is also positively related to exports per capita. The results of the coefficient symmetry test show that per capita spending on healthcare and education causes long-term, asymmetric effects on Saudi Arabia’s per capita GDP, that is, the decline in per capita GDP resulting from a decrease in education spending per capita is larger than the increase in per capita GDP resulting from an increase in education spending per capita. However, the decline in per capita GDP resulting from an increase in healthcare spending per capita is larger than the increase in per capita GDP resulting from a decrease in healthcare spending per capita. The study also found unidirectional causality from per capita spending on healthcare, education, and exports to per capita GDP. Therefore, this study infers that increases in government healthcare spending reduce economic growth, whereas increases in spending on education contribute to it. Saudi Arabia’s economy also experiences export-led economic growth. The results of this study provide the government and policymakers with valuable insights with respect to the efficient allocation of scarce government resources to education and healthcare for sustained economic growth and development.

This article investigated food security, government spending, and economic growth in Nigeria by adopting time series data from 1980 to 2021.Trend analysis and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model were employed in the study. The GDP growth rate, food production index, and other relevant variables were dependent and independent variables, respectively. While the food production index, government capital spending, and inflation rates showed a negative relationship with economic growth, food security, government recurrent spending, and gross fixed capital formation had a positive impact on growth in the long run. In the short run, all the independent variables, except the food production index, exhibited a significant impact on economic growth. While the food production index and inflation rate showed a negative relationship with economic growth, other explanatory variables had a positive impact on growth on the short-run horizon. Consequently, the study recommended that the government should formulate policies that would increase its spending on the agricultural sector. This would stimulate food production output, which would enhance the growth of food security in Nigeria.

Within countries, individual state-run banks’ lending correlates with prior money growth; similar private-sector banks’ lending does not. Aggregate credit and investment growth correlate with prior money growth more where banking systems are more state-run. Size and liquidity differences between state-run and private-sector banks do not drive these results; further tests discount broad classes of alternative explanations. Tests exploiting heterogeneity in political pressure on state-run banks associated with privatizations and elections suggest a command-and-control pseudo-monetary policy channel: changes in money growth, perhaps reflecting political pressure on the central bank, change banks’ lending constraints; political pressure actually changes state-run banks’ lending. This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.

The volumes in this series may be likened to a complete case study of Tesla through the end of 2018. Many popular media articles are excerpted, abridged to illustrate points of theoretical emphasis. This keeps the story alive, meaningful, and urgent. Strategic management is a corpus of scholarship in the Academy of Management, as is technology and innovation management. Project management is found academically within operations management, and led in practice by the Project Management Institute. The volumes in this series intersect where these fields meet and capital projects are planned, budgeted, and financed. Volume I tells the Tesla story and then presents chapters that address, in order: corporate governance and project stakeholder or communication management, project portfolios as strategic corporate portfolios, and an executive-level review of the best-practice project management paradigm, as applied to capital projects. The epilogue takes the story through the end of 1Q2019 and offers additional commentary.

Starting in 2001 the Government of Indonesia employed the Regional Autonomy Law, providing larger fiscal role to the province and district governments. However, our understanding of its impacts on development in Indonesia is still limited. This paper seeks to find the relationship between increasing local governments’ capital expenditure and industrial development with focus in the non-oil and gas sector. Capital spending is thought to have moderation effect on investment, the main channel for industrialization, that should contribute to industrial growth. Our System GMM results suggest that there are positive and significant correlations between capital spending and industrial growth, presenting evidence of local governments’ role. However, we fail to find significant moderation effect between local capital spending and industrial investment towards the sector’s growth. This poses problem for industrialization at the local level. Decentralization progress in Indonesia has been institutionally anchored by the central government, particularly with the introduction of concurrent affairs in 2004 that allowed Jakarta to take a major developmental role in districts and provinces at the cost of lesser local governments’ role. Our study proposes a new institutional model that promote better central–local collaboration.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to estimate the size of government spending components’ multipliers for the Ethiopian economy over the sample period of 2001Q1 up to 2017Q4.Design/methodology/approachThe effects of government spending are analyzed by applying short-run contemporaneous restrictions for the identification of shocks in an SVAR in order to estimate multipliers for the small open economy. Accordingly, recursive identification scheme is used in this study.FindingsFrom the impulse response functions, the authors found that aggregate government spending is less effective in stimulating the economy for the study period as evidenced by almost zero multipliers. This can be due to many structural and conjunctural factors that tend to lower the multiplier effects. At a disaggregate level, real GDP responds negatively to capital spending while its effect on recurrent spending is positive and insignificant on impact. The variation to real GDP is best explained by the variation in capital spending as compared to recurrent spending.Originality/valueThough almost none in number, little research has been conducted in Ethiopia related to the effect of government spending shock on output. But this research deviates from the previous study by introducing a new methodology which is SVAR with cholesky decomposition. The previous study, however, used Bayesian VAR. Besides to that, using cholesky identification scheme, government spending is decomposed in to recurrent and capital spending to see the effect of government spending components on output and government spending multipliers are also computed both at an aggregate and disaggregate level.

This book is companion to Volumes I and III in the series. Volume I covers managing strategy through capital project portfolios; Volume III is a complete case study. This volume describes the strategic challenge of adding real economic value, properly and rigorously defined. The author explains how this is accomplished through the capital budgeting process; discusses the importance of free cash flow and finally, capital projects, as financial options, are discussed, as a way to manage risk while enhancing the likelihood of project approval. The author is a retired business professor; his research interest has been the management of technology and innovation. For this book, he double-checked none of the 1, 250 media items collected, accepting their overall veracity at face value. This approach advocates no one person, no one company, no one technology, and no portion of the global automobile industry. Analysis and practical application came foremost.

The papers in this special issue are relevant to our understanding of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) as a policy tool to achieve the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development across the world. The special issue sparks a new debate on the meaning of and conditions for PPPs as a policy tool, with a specific focus on the role that review and monitoring frameworks, regulations and incentive structures play in attracting PPPs investments and at the same time reinforcing the SD commitments of the government. The special issue emphasises the fact that the responsibility for achieving SD is a global one with the immense value of PPPs as a policy tool to further public policies in a wide range of fields, such as the national industrial policy, educational policy, reducing unemployment, improving employment conditions, support for small businesses, local development which in equal measure supports the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).