Explore the vast range of titles available.

Most studies acknowledge that parents help or hinder the child in conflict with the law (CICL) rehabilitation. In the Philippines, there is no clear and consistent model of parental involvement in CICL rehabilitation. Thus, there is a need to explore the experiences of social workers with CICLs' parents' involvement during the rehabilitation of the CICL. This study utilized a qualitative approach specifically the case study design. In-depth interviews were conducted to eleven (11) parents, fourteen (14) social workers, and twelve (12) CICLs. Participants reported that parents were either a success or a challenge in CICL rehabilitation. At the same time, the factors influencing parental involvement in the rehabilitation of the CICL are parental burden, parental attitude toward the rehabilitation program, and parent-child relationships. In conclusion, a holistic family approach is crucial for the rehabilitation of children in conflict with the law (CICL). Social workers must engage both the child and their family in this process. Active involvement from parents is essential, and developing flexible, supportive engagement strategies can improve their participation. Furthermore, parental education programs and initiatives aimed at strengthening the parent-child relationship are vital for creating a positive rehabilitation environment and ensuring long-term success.

As a result of the Second Karabakh War in 2020, a significant number of children and adolescents in Azerbaijan experienced severe psycho-emotional difficulties, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. This mixed-method longitudinal study aimed to comprehensively assess levels of anxiety, depression, and PTSD among children and adolescents in the affected regions of Azerbaijan, and to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological support interventions across three sequential phases from 2020 to 2023. Psycho-emotional status was assessed through clinical interviews, behavioral observations, and standardized questionnaires (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5–PCL-5, and CATS, parent version). All instruments were used in validated Azerbaijani versions. The study covered 2,400 participants aged 5–16 years. Findings revealed high levels of anxiety (65%), depression (40%), and PTSD (70%), with adolescents aged 12–14 being the most affected (depression prevalence reaching 50%). Girls reported higher anxiety levels than boys (70% vs. 60%). Intervention programs—including art therapy, group sessions, and parental training—were associated with a significant reduction in anxiety (65%) and depressive symptoms (40%) ( p  < 0.05). This is the first large-scale empirical study in Azerbaijan to address post-war mental health in children and adolescents, emphasizing the importance of long-term psychological support and integrated rehabilitation in post-conflict settings.

South Africa has seen a surge in child offending. Child offenders commit violent crimes such as armed robbery, housebreaking, rape and murder. Conversely, not all child offenders commit violent crimes. Many child offenders are detained for minor charges such as shoplifting, theft and possession of illegal substances. Most of these children face numerous levels of adversity, including poverty, dysfunctional households and limited parental involvement. Responses to child criminal behaviour accentuate rehabilitation through measures such as diversion. Narrative accounts of children in conflict with the law who underwent mentorship programmes, as a diversion initiative, are scarce and underrepresented. Through a qualitative inquiry, 13 children who completed the National Youth Development Outreach (NYDO) Centre’s Mentoring Diversion Programme were interviewed and data were analysed thematically. Findings provided insight into the participants’ background and context, the mentor–mentee relationship, responsibility, effectiveness of the programme, and aftercare support. This paper contributes to scientific research and is conducive to curtailing child offending.

This paper analyses the concept of accessibility of legal aid for children in conflict with the law,searching for its essential elements in international standards and national practices. Byanalysing the comparative empirical data on legal regulation in different European jurisdictions,the authors of the paper discuss what it means for legal aid to be accessible to children andwhat could be done to strengthen it. The paper argues that the goal of improving access tolegal aid for children in conflict with the law should be approached from various directions,including the provision of information on legal aid in a child-friendly and age-appropriatemanner, the strengthening of children’s legal education, the dissemination of child-friendlymaterials, and the training and specialisation of legal aid lawyers and other professionals.

Children are a younger generation successor to the nation that must be protected. In some cases children can do a mischief that fall into the categories of offenses and called as children in conflict with the law. Children in conflict with the law is different in terms of handling the criminal offenses committed by adults. Currently with  Law Number 11 of 2012 on the Criminal Justice System of Children (SPPA) which has sought diversion and restorative justice in terms of handling child conflict with the law. From the results of this study concluded that the policy formulation the concept of diversion and restorative justice pursuant tonLaw Number 11 of 2012 on the Criminal Justice System of Children (SPPA) and its implementation rules have been set regarding policy concept of diversion and restorative justice with the aim that children who commit acts the criminal is no longer confronted in the judicial process but through an alternative solution,namely the completion of which is the restoration to its original state (restorative justice) will but of formulating the policy is still not perfect because it found some weakness. While in the implementation of diversion and restorative justice in the the settlement of children in conflict with the law in Pati District Court already sought remedies which reflect restorative justice approach by implementing law enforcement diversion and restorative justice but there are still many obstacles occurred in the settlement of children in conflict with the law in  Pati District Court.

In Ghana, persons below 18 years of age are presumed to be children and vulnerable, and are expected to enjoy special protection and care against all hazards, even if they go against the law. This agrees with Ghana’s legal provision and other international legal documents. This study examined the knowledge of the police and their relationship with children in conflict with the law in Ghana using the Northern Region as a case study. Primary data were generated through interviews and questionnaire administration from a combined 219 participants who were purposely and systematically selected in a convergent mixed-methods design. The study found good knowledge of the police as to who a child in conflict with the law was (76%), yet only 40% rightly knew the criminal capacity of a child. The study revealed that the rights of children in conflict with the law, such as non-torture, access to legal assistance and right to safe custody, were flouted.

Background Globally, an estimated 300,000 children under the age of 18 participate in combat situations; those in armed groups in particular suffer prolonged exposure to psychological and physical abuse. The Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) is a rebel movement known for its widespread conscription of children; yet little is known about this process once the group moved beyond northern Uganda. In this paper, we describe the processes related to abduction and indoctrination of youth by the LRA in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo ( DRC). Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with formerly abducted children, their family members, community leaders, and service providers (total n  = 34) in four communities in LRA-affected areas of northeastern DRC. Inductive coding of transcripts was undertaken to identify salient themes. Results Informants articulated a range of practices by the LRA to exert high levels of control over new recruits, including strict social isolation from recent abductees; control of communication; promoting new identity formation; and compelling children to act out strictly defined gendered roles. Witchcraft and secrecy are used to intimidate recruits and to magnify perception of the group’s power. These methods promote de-identification with one’s civilian and family life; and eventually the assimilation of a new language and identity. Conclusion Indoctrination of newly abducted children into the LRA occurs via a complex system of control. This study provides one of the first detailed explorations of social and psychological mechanisms through which this is achieved, and focuses particularly on the gendered differences in the indoctrination process. Results support past findings that the LRA is a strategic and well-organized organization in its approach to enlisting child soldiers. Understanding some of the ways in which the LRA controls its recruits and the psychological impact of indoctrination enables reintegration programs to more effectively address these issues and serve the complex needs of formerly abducted children.

Aims The numbers of children in conflict with the law continue to rise in Asia, yet few studies have been conducted regarding factors associated with it. It has been theorized that children with conduct disorder represent majority of children in conflict with the law, and that poor moral competence mediates the association between conduct disorder and antisocial behavior. This study aimed to present a profile of Filipino children in conflict with the law, determine the prevalence of conduct disorder in the sample, and investigate variables associated with conduct disorder. Methods This was a cross‐sectional study conducted at a conflict with the law Custodial Care Center in the Philippines. The procedure entailed a diagnostic interview and questionnaire administration conducted by psychiatrists. Questionnaires administered included the Moral Competence Test and Parental Warmth and Acceptance Scale. Statistical analyses of data included descriptive statistics, chi‐square tests, and independent t tests. SPSS v.23.0 was used for data encoding and analysis. Results Twenty‐three participants were included in the study, with 10 participants with conduct disorder and 13 controls. Majority were male adolescents between the ages of 16 and 18 years. Conduct disorder was associated with commission of multiple violations, particularly theft and homicide, the presence of a substance use disorder, and a history of abuse. Participants with conduct disorder had lower moral competence levels compared to participants without conduct disorder. Conclusion Conduct disorder was associated with high‐risk antisocial behavior and lower levels of moral competence. This paper examines the relationship between moral competence and conduct disorder among Filipino children in conflict with the law. Aside from the association found between low moral competence and conduct disorder, other associations uncovered in this study include the relationship between conduct disorder and the presence of substance use as a dual diagnosis and history of child abuse. As of the time of publication, this is the first paper of its kind to have been conducted in the Philippines.

We examined the relationship between parental phubbing and emotional and behavioral problems of 3-5-year-old children, focusing on the mediating role of parent-child conflict. We conducted a survey with 1,042 parents at four kindergartens in Fujian Province, China. Results showed that parental phubbing was positively correlated with children's emotional and behavioral problems and with parent-child conflict, which, in turn, was correlated with children's emotional and behavioral problems. Parent-child conflict mediated the relationship between parental phubbing behavior and children's problems, accounting for 40.78% of the total effect. These findings indicate that reducing parental phubbing may mitigate parent-child conflict and support children's emotional development.

The current study examined whether psychological needs satisfaction mediated the link between parent-child conflict and internet gaming addiction (IGA) and whether this mediating process was moderated by deviant peer affiliation. A sample of 656 junior high school students completed questionnaires in their classrooms to assess the study variables. The results showed that parent-child conflict was linked to IGA in part because of psychological needs frustration, and deviant peer affiliation was a risk factor that intensified this effect. Specifically, the adverse impact of parent-child conflict on IGA through psychological needs satisfaction was stronger in adolescents with higher deviant peer affiliation than those with lower deviant peer affiliation. These findings highlight the need to consider family, peer, and individual factors together to prevent and intervene in adolescents' IGA.