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"CIVIL LIBERTIES"
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Fight of the century : writers reflect on 100 years of landmark ACLU cases
\"On January 19, 1920, a small group of idealists and visionaries, including Helen Keller, Jane Addams, Roger Baldwin, and Crystal Eastman, founded the American Civil Liberties Union. A century after its creation, the ACLU remains the nation's premier defender of the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution. In collaboration with the ACLU, authors Michael Chabon and Ayelet Waldman have curated an anthology of essays about landmark cases in the organization's one-hundred-year history. Fight of the Century takes you inside the trials and the stories that have shaped modern life. Some of the most prominent cases that the ACLU has been involved in-- Brown v. Board of Education, Roe v. Wade, Miranda v. Arizona--need little introduction. Others you may never even have heard of, yet their outcomes quietly defined the world we live in now. Familiar or little-known, each case springs to vivid life in the hands of the acclaimed writers who dive into the history, narrate their personal experiences, and debate the questions at the heart of each issue. Hector Tobar introduces us to Ernesto Miranda, the felon whose wrongful conviction inspired the now-iconic Miranda rights--which the police would later read to the man suspected of killing him. Yaa Gyasi confronts the legacy of Brown v. Board of Education, in which the ACLU submitted a friend of- the-court brief questioning why a nation that has sent men to the moon still has public schools so unequal that they may as well be on different planets. True to the ACLU's spirit of principled dissent, Scott Turow offers a blistering critique of the ACLU's stance on campaign finance. These powerful stories, along with essays from Neil Gaiman, Meg Wolitzer, Salman Rushdie, Ann Patchett, Viet Thanh Nguyen, Louise Erdrich, George Saunders, and many more, remind us that the issues the ACLU has engaged over the past one hundred years remain as vital as ever today, and that we can never take our liberties for granted. \"-- Dust jacket.
Book
Canada's Rights Revolution
In the first major study of postwar social movement organizations in Canada, Dominique Clément provides a history of the human rights movement as seen through the eyes of two generations of activists.
eBook
The National Council for Civil Liberties and the policing of interwar politics
Issues around the policing of public order and political expression are as topical today as in the past, and are likely to remain so in the future.Janet Clark explores the origins of the National Council for Civil Liberties (the precursor to Liberty) that emerged in 1934 in protest at the policing of political extremes. The book deals with police attempts to discredit the NCCL and the use of intelligence to perpetuate a view of the organisation as a front for the Communist Party. It also examines the state and police responses to this organised criticism of police powers.This book is essential.
eBook
Constraining Space for Civil Society Participation and Contestation in Nigeria’s Politics
Civil society and the protection of civil liberties are essential for the establishment and fortification of democracy. This essay is desktop-based, utilising both theoretical and historical approaches to explore how these crucial conditions for democracy have met with state-sponsored indifference and even hostility in Nigeria. One major reason behind this is that for almost half of its existence as an independent country, Nigeria has been under military rule. Periods of military rule usually conduct politics in a manner typical of military inflexibility and an almost innate hostility to dissent. Thus, under such circumstances, civil society organisations and civil liberties are frowned upon, and democracy is occluded. The paper noted, however, that even under elected or civilian governments, civil society participation and contestation have suffered. This could be down to at least two factors: the first is the influence of long episodes of military rule, and the second is that some elected leaders, now outfitted as civil leaders, are former military men forged in the same ilk as military rulers with an instinctual antipathy to civil society participation and dissent in political matters.
Journal Article
Human Rights and Drug Control
This book uses a human rights perspective - developed philosophically, politically and legally - to change the way in which we think about drug control issues.
The prohibitionist approach towards tackling the 'drugs problem' is not working. The laws and mentality that see drugs as the problem and tries to fight them makes the 'drugs problem' worse. While the law is the best-placed mechanism to regulate our actions in relation to particular drugs, this book argues against the stranglehold of the criminal law, and instead presents a human rights perspective to change the way we think about drug control issues. Part I develops a conceptual framework for human rights in the context of drug control - philosophically, politically and legally - and applies this to the domestic (UK) and international drug control system. Part II focuses on case law to illustrate both the potential and the limitations of successfully applying this unique perspective in practice. The conclusion points towards a bottom-up process for drug policy which is capable of reconfiguring the mentality of prohibition.
This book will be of interest to students and scholars of human rights, criminal law, criminology, politics and socio-legal studies.
eBook
Abortion during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia: nation's responsibility in fulfilling women's rights related to sexual health and reproduction
Women's sexual and reproductive health plays an important role in fulfilling human rights. Even during Covid-19 pandemic, it is important to fulfill sexual and reproductive health rights. However, many human rights violations occur among minority groups, especially women in cases of abortion. During pandemic, based on data The National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) of Indonesia, there has been a decrease by 40% in contraceptive use and an increase in unwanted pregnancies by 15-30%. The number of unwanted pregnancies will increase and make abortion an option for every woman. Social restrictions in Covid-19 situation create challenges and vulnerabilities for women, which has had a significant impact from the pandemic in fulfilling social justice. This article aims to analysis how abortion during Covid-19 is handled based on a human rights approach and how Indonesia as a state to fulfills its responsibilities in overcoming the problem of abortion during Covid-19. The research method used qualitative study by combining doctrinal legal research and empirical legal research. It was concluded that the rise in abortion cases during the Covid-19 pandemic shows that the state has not been able to fulfill the state's responsibility to fulfill, to respect and to protect human rights, especially women's sexual and reproductive health rights.
This article examines how abortion during Covid-19 is handled based on a human rights approach and how Indonesia as a state to fulfills its responsibilities in overcoming the problem of abortion during Covid-19. In principle, the state is obliged to have responsibilities such as respect, fulfill, and protect citizens or society. Based on this principle, the state has not been able to resolve it properly and appropriately. This is in line with the fulfillment of the right to sexual and reproductive health opportunities based on a human rights approach, which has not been achieved in terms of availability, accessibility, and quality of fulfillment of this right.
Journal Article
Media Framing of a Civil Liberties Conflict and Its Effect on Tolerance
Framing is the process by which a communication source, such as a news organization, defines and constructs a political issue or public controversy. Two experiments examined the effect of news frames on tolerance for the Ku Klux Klan. The first presented research participants with one of two local news stories about a Klan rally that varied by frame: One framed the rally as a free speech issue, and the other framed it as a disruption of public order. Participants who viewed the free speech story expressed more tolerance for the Klan than participants who watched the public order story. Additional data indicate that frames affect tolerance by altering the perceived importance of public order values. The relative accessibility of free speech and public order concepts did not respond to framing. A second experiment used a simulated electronic news service to present different frames and replicated these findings.
Journal Article
C. A. Sorensen's Fight for American Neutrality, Civil Liberty, and Social Justice in Nebraska, 1912–1924
This article seeks to remedy a neglected portion of Christian Abraham Sorensen's biography by focusing on his younger years during and after World War I. In doing so, this work will also add to the history of progressivism in Nebraska. As a lifelong progressive Republican-an oxymoron in today's political idiom-Sorensen, father of Ted Sorensen of the Kennedy administration, was the oldest of ten children in a family of strict Danish religious pacifists. After his expulsion from Grand Island Baptist College for not amending his speech in an oratory contest, he transferred to the University of Nebraska where he was editor of the Daily Nebraskan and fought to keep the US out of World War I. He was a member of Henry Ford's peace ship, friends with peace advocates Rebecca Shelley (or Shelly) and Lella Faye Secor, as well as a member of the last national pacifist organization, the People's Council of America. Although he amended his pacifist views near the end of the war, he continued to fight against the repression of civil liberties carried out by the Nebraska State Council of Defense and acted as attorney for the persecuted agrarian Nonpartisan League in Nebraska. After organizing the farmer-labor convention in 1920 and the Progressive Party of Nebraska in 1921, he was instrumental in electing two progressive Republicans to the US Senate: Robert B. Howell and George W. Norris. Later, he served as attorney general of Nebraska (1928-1932) for two terms.
Journal Article
Facing Up to the Democratic Recession
[...]around 2006, the expansion of freedom and democracy in the world came to a prolonged halt. Since 2006, there has been no net expansion in the number of electoral democracies, which has oscillated between 114 and 119 (about 60 percent of the world's states). [...]they contend, many of the seeming failures of democracy in the last ten to fifteen years were really deteriorations or hardenings of what had been from the beginning authoritarian regimes, however competitive.
Journal Article
Rising competitive authoritarianism in Turkey
Since the Justice and Development Party (AKP) came to power in 2002 Turkey has undergone double regime transitions. First, tutelary democracy ended; second, a competitive authoritarian regime has risen in its stead. We substantiate this assertion with specific and detailed evidence from 2015 election cycles, as well as from broader trends in Turkish politics. This evidence indeed confirms that elections are no longer fair; civil liberties are being systematically violated; and the playing field is highly skewed in favour of the ruling AKP. The June 2015 election results and their aftermath further confirm that Turkey has evolved into a competitive authoritarian regime.
Journal Article