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"CLIMATE RESILIENCE"
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The regenerative agriculture solution : a revolutionary approach to building soil, creating climate resilience, and supporting human and planetary health
\"Is it possible that the solution to the global climate emergency lies in a \"waste\" agricultural product? Two brothers from a small town in Mexico are proving just that. The best-kept secret in the world today is that solutions to some of our most pressing issues-food insecurity, deforestation, overgrazing, water scarcity, rural poverty, forced migration-lies in adopting, improving, and scaling up organic and regenerative agriculture best practices. The Regenerative Agriculture Solution tells the story of how two brothers-Jose and Gilberto Flores-are at the leading edge of this approach, pioneering the use of the previously discarded leaves of the prodigious agave plant to regenerate agricultural soils, reduce erosion, and improve water capture. Amazingly, their methods also benefit their local economy, creating jobs by producing an inexpensive livestock feed supplement that could grow into a multi-billion-dollar industry and change the face of agriculture, animal husbandry, ecosystem restoration, and climate change forever. When Ronnie Cummins, the cofounder of Organic Consumer Association (OCA) and Regeneration International, met the Flores brothers in 2019 and witnessed their revolutionary agave agroforestry system, he knew they were onto something important. Cummins had spent decades studying the potential and pitfalls of organic and regenerative agriculture and knew best practices when he saw them. The scientific data was even more convincing, suggesting that the project-and others like it-could revolutionize the way we understand the climate catastrophe. Sadly, Cummins passed away in April 2023, in the midst of working on a book that told the Flores brothers' extraordinary story. Not to leave this work unfinished, Ronnie's widow and OCA cofounder, Rose, called on their friend, colleague, and collaborator, Regeneration International's cofounder André Leu, to complete the work and place the Flores brothers' breakthroughs in the broader context of regenerative agriculture solutions to the world's many interlocking ecological crises. The Regenerative Agriculture Solution is an agricultural, agroforestry, and public policy blueprint, as well as a call to action for organic and regenerative farmers, ranchers, and land managers around the world. It is also a call to action for consumers, policy leaders, organic and sustainable development advocates, corporations, and investors to address the climate, health, and environmental crises as well as rural poverty\"-- Provided by publisher
BOOK
DEPLOYMENT OF AI-ENHANCED SERVICES IN CLIMATE RESILIENCE INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Recent advances in modelling capabilities and data processing combined with vastly improved observation tools and networks have resulted in the expansion of available weather and climate information, from historical observations to seasonal climate forecasts, as well as decadal climate predictions and multi-decadal climate change projections. However, it remains a key challenge to ensure this information reaches the intended climate-sensitive sectors (e.g. water, energy, agriculture, health), and is fit-for-purpose to guarantee the usability of climate information for these downstream users. Climate information can be produced on demand via climate resilience information systems which are existing in various forms. To optimise the efficiency and establish better information exchange between these systems, standardisation is necessary. Here, standards and deployment options are described for how scientific methods can be be deployed in climate resilience information systems, respecting the principles of being findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable. Besides the general description of OGC-API Standards and OGC-API Processes based on existing building blocks, ongoing developments in AI-enhanced services for climate services are described.
Journal Article
The octopus in the parking garage : a call for climate resilience
\"One cloudy day in Miami, an octopus was found in the parking garage of a fancy condominium complex. How it got there is a tale of quirky plumbing and climate breakdown. (In brief, sea-level rise caused a storm drain to reverse and burp out the cephalopod.) A funny Instagram meme, \"the octopus in the parking garage\" is also an eight-armed alarm bell, part of an urgent call to prepare ourselves for all the things that soaring heat, rising seas, and suped-up storms can do to us. It's a call for communities to develop climate resilience. That means \"bouncing back better.\" Or as an expert might say, managing and recovering from a climate impact in a way that allows a community to learn, adapt, and thrive. This book explains, to non-experts, how we can manage current and future hazards of climate change that we can no longer avoid. How do we reach across party lines and get people to care more? How do we make plans that are flexible enough to handle surprises? How do we involve and address disadvantaged communities, which already bear the brunt of environmental risk? When do we resist? When do we adjust? When do we retreat? And by the way, who gets to decide? The book will take readers on a community-oriented journey, laying out the options and offering guidelines and insights to shape the conversation\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Research on Climate Resilience Assessment and Enhancement Strategies for Hebei Province in Response to Climate Change
Enhancing climate resilience is imperative for cities to mitigate the effects of global warming and the rising frequency of extreme weather events. This paper develops an evaluation index system for urban climate resilience in Hebei Province, based on data from 11 cities within the province. It evaluates the levels of climate resilience and identifies their limiting factors using the entropy weight method, an urban climate resilience assessment model, and an obstacle degree model, with a focus on four dimensions: ecological resilience, economic resilience, social resilience, and infrastructure resilience. The results indicate that (1) spatial variations in climate resilience across cities in Hebei Province are minimal, with the majority of cities exhibiting climate resilience levels within the moderate resilience category. (2) The majority of regions display low ecological and infrastructure resilience (0.1–0.3), while economic resilience is distributed across three tiers, with regional variations; social resilience remains moderately resilient (above 0.3). (3) Among the social resilience factors, C3 and C8 exhibit the highest obstruction levels, emerging as key barriers. (4) In order to effectively respond to climate change risks and challenges in a scientific manner, differentiated implementation of climate response strategies, the core of which lies in identifying the dominant vulnerability dimensions of different cities and accurately applying policies, such as Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Xingtai, Handan, and other cities with fragile ecological resilience, should comprehensively deepen the construction of sponge cities to alleviate urban flooding and the heat island effect.
Journal Article
Cities, climate change and public health : building human resilience to climate change at the local level
This book examines how cities can use a public health frame of climate change to boost people's understanding of and concern about climate change and increase policy support for climate adaptation efforts at the local level. It also presents new tools for cities to enhance awareness of and facilitate prioritization of climate risk management choices.
Book
Community-Led Climate Preparedness and Resilience in Boston: New Evidence from Communities of Color
Communities of color have been historically excluded and marginalized in the ongoing conversations about climate preparedness and resilience at local, national, and global levels. Using focus groups composed of Boston communities of color (Asian American, Black, Latino, and Native American), this study aimed to understand their perspectives on climate change, providing in-depth knowledge of its impact and their views on preparedness and resilience. Research shows that these communities have long been concerned about climate change and emphasize the urgent need to improve climate preparedness. A multi-pronged approach is crucial: listening to communities of color to leverage local knowledge and leadership, engaging in community organizing, advocating for policy change, redirecting attention to institutional resources, and addressing systemic inequalities that exacerbate vulnerabilities. The findings of this study highlight the need for policy changes driven by collaboration and collective action, which can benefit those most negatively impacted by climate change and the lack of preparedness and resilience in Boston and beyond.
Journal Article
The impact decades-long dependence on hydropower in El Niño impact-prone Zambia is having on carbon emissions through backup diesel generation
Emissions associated with hydropower are often forgotten. Lifecycle assessments of greenhouse gas emissions emanating from hydropower must count embedded carbon, emissions from reservoir lakes and the loss of carbon sinks, as well as backup diesel generation emissions when dependence on hydropower fails to deliver energy. Using Zambia as a case study, we estimate using a bottom-up approach that the emissions associated with backup diesel generation from Zambia's power utility ZESCO and three largest sectors of consumers were up to 27 000 tonnes of CO2 in the worst months of drought in 2019. This is significantly higher than what a previous top-down approach would have estimated. We worked out ZESCO's diesel generation attributable to drought using trend analysis. We worked out the mining sector's emissions using copper production data, on-grid electricity consumption and calculated electricity intensity to infer off-grid electricity consumption in years of drought. From our household survey we learned average duration of generator use, average capacities of generators and acquired household income and generator use data which we ran in a Tobit regression. These together with labour force survey data helped us infer the level of diesel generation by households of different income brackets. For manufacturing firms we surveyed 123 firms. We collected rich diesel generation use data covering years of drought, input this into an OLS regression to identify predictors of diesel generation use (installed capacity of generator in kVA, in litres and whether generation was in a drought year) which we then used to extrapolate implied diesel generation for the firms for which we had less rich data. As global average temperatures and the frequency of El Niño droughts rise in hydropower dependent countries which account for a fifth of the world's population, backup generation emissions have implications for the formulation of low carbon energy policy.
Journal Article
Indicators and monitoring systems for urban climate resiliency
Cities in the USA and around the world have begun to take an active role in responding to climate change. A central requirement for effective urban climate strategies is the capacity to understand and measure how the climate is changing, the physical, environmental, and social impacts of the changes, and whether adaptation and resiliency policies and programs put in place in response are working. The objective of this paper is to review and assess how urban climate change and resiliency efforts can be measured and to define what might serve as meaningful indicator and monitoring protocols. The New York City Panel on Climate Change (NPCC) is used as a case study along with a reviews of the emerging literature of urban climate change indicators to analyze the requirements and processes needed for a successful urban climate resiliency indicator and monitoring (I and M) system. In the paper, the basic requirements of a proposed Urban Climate Resilience Indicators and Monitoring System are presented. A specific illustration of an I and M system for tracking the urban heat island highlights challenges as well as potential solutions embedded within such systems. Discussions how these protocols can be translated to other locales and settings, as well as the relationship to the US National Climate Assessment indicator process, are presented.
Journal Article
Elucidating Traditional Rice Varieties for Consilient Biotic and Abiotic Stress Management under Changing Climate with Landscape-Level Rice Biodiversity
Rice is grown under diverse agro-climatic conditions and crop management regimes across the globe. Emerging climatic-vulnerabilities and the mismatched farm practices are becoming major challenges for poor or declining rice productivity in potential rice growing regions, especially South Asia. In the biodiversity-rich landscapes of South Asia, many traditional rice varieties (TRVs) are known to exhibit resilience to climate change and climate adaptation besides their therapeutic benefits. Hence, a random sample survey of farmers (n = 320), alongwith secondary data collection from non-governmental organizations/farmers’ organizations/farmers, led to documentation of the information on TRVs’ biodiversity in South Asia. The current study (2015–2019) explored and documented ~164 TRVs which may enhance the resilience to climatic-risks with improved yields besides their unique therapeutic benefits. A large number of TRVs have still not been registered by scientific organizations due to poor awareness by the farmers and community organizations. Hence, it is urgently needed to document, evaluate and harness the desired traits of these TRVs for ecological, economic, nutritional and health benefits. This study suggests taking greater cognizance of TRVs for their conservation, need-based crop improvement, and cultivation in the niche-areas owing to their importance in climate-resilient agriculture for overall sustainable rice farming in South Asia so as to achieve the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.
Journal Article
CDRI (Climate Disaster Resilience Index) for Analysis of Semarang City’s Resilience to Climate Change Disasters
Semarang City is one of three Coastal Cities in Indonesia, which has quite complex coastal problems. Physically and socially, the city of Semarang faces the risk of global climate change accompanied by population growth. Measuring urban resilience is one of the essential processes for understanding the current and potential future risks of cities to guide the development of appropriate policies and strategies related to climate and disaster resilience. This research aims to measure the level of resilience of Semarang City based on the Climate Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) parameters in facing disasters related to climate change. The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach, which will be implemented through Focus Group Discussion activities and surveys involving several stakeholders and representatives of each sub-district to measure the resilience index on a sub-district scale. The variables used in determining the resilience index used in this research are the CDRI variables, which include Physical, Social, Economic, Institutional, and Natural Factors. Next, Aggregate Weighted Mean Index (AWMI) methods will be used to calculate the scores for each variable and sub-variable. Based on the research results, among the five variables measured, institutional policy has the highest number, which means that in terms of policy, Semarang City has both written and unwritten rules related to handling climate change disasters. Meanwhile, the lowest value is natural, where natural factors can only reduce the risk but not completely overcome it. The findings reveal that Semarang City exhibits a relatively high level of resilience in certain areas, particularly in institutional policy and social aspects like education and awareness. However, the city faces significant challenges in terms of natural resilience, particularly due to its high population density and the vulnerability of its coastal environment to flooding and sea level rise. The study highlights the need for a multifaceted approach to enhance Semarang City’s climate resilience. This includes strengthening disaster risk and climate risk assessments, revising development policies to incorporate Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) measures, monitoring development in high-risk areas, and fostering collaboration among stakeholders.
Journal Article