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"COCAINE"
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An anatomy of addiction : Sigmund Freud, William Halsted and the miracle drug, cocaine
The astonishing account of the decades-long cocaine use of Sigmund Freud and William Halsted. The author discusses the physical and emotional damage caused by the constant use of the then-heralded wonder drug, and of how each man ultimately changed the world in spite of it--or because of it.
Book
226 Cocaine and confusion: a case of toxic leukoencephalopathy
No guidelines exist regarding the management of cocaine-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy, with variable reports as to the effect of steroid treatment on outcome. We describe the case of a 51-year-old gentleman who presented to the emergency department obtunded following a suspected overdose. Urine toxicology was positive for cocaine. He was admitted to intensive care for a period of multi-organ support, and following stepdown to a medical ward was found to have perseveration of speech and dysphasia. Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE)-R revealed significant cognitive impairment, with an initial score of 25/98. Neurological examination was otherwise normal. A diagnosis of cocaine-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy was made based on suggestive magnetic resonance brain imaging (MRI) changes, with symmetrical, abnormal high T2-weighted signal, and mild diffusion restriction throughout the cerebral white matter. Treatment with high-dose prednisolone was initiated at 60mg once daily, with a planned dose reduction of 10mg every five days. Improvement was noted on serial MRI and cognitive assessment, with near complete recovery achieved following a period of neurorehabilitation, and a score of 89/100 on ACE-III at the end of treatment. This case, in combination with some of the pre-existing literature, may prompt consideration of corticosteroids in patients with a similar presentationa.hamilton-shield@nhs.net
Journal Article
White lines II : Sunny : a white lines novel
\"On the surface, it appears that Sunny has got it all-looks, money, a beautiful home, a healthy daughter, and friends who love her. But Sunny has a secret--something she hasn't even told her best friend. The truth is Sunny is unhappy. She still misses her beloved Dorian, and worries that no other man will ever captivate her the way he did. She dated some very powerful and successful men since Dorian's death. But will she ever find love again? It's not long before Sunny is chasing those white lines again. And, when the truth finally explodes, will Sunny be able to put her life back together again?\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Luxe. Two : a LaLa land addiction
\"Bleu is addicted--addicted to the luxe life, and it has led her down a road of self-destruction. She knows what it feels like to be turned out by the game. With a crack cocaine addiction that she can't seem to escape, she is desperate for a savior. Her problem is she has two great loves that want to come to her rescue. When her best friend Noah comes searching for her she is faced with a dilemma. Will she let him save her? Or will she stick with the kingpin Iman, who has loved her since their first encounter?\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
White leopard
\"A man torn between two continents finds himself in a dangerous confrontation between tradition and corruption. Solo is a former cop who ran away from a dark past in France to start his life over again in Bamako, Mali, as a PI. An ordinary case turns out to be not so ordinary. The drug mule gets her throat slit. The French lawyer is too beautiful and too well-informed. The cocaine is too plentiful\"--Page 4 of cover.
Book
Cannabis and cocaine decrease cognitive impulse control and functional corticostriatal connectivity in drug users with low activity DBH genotypes
The dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH) enzyme transforms dopamine into noradrenaline. We hypothesized that individuals with low activity DBH genotypes (rs1611115 CT/TT) are more sensitive to the influence of cannabis and cocaine on cognitive impulse control and functional connectivity in the limbic ‘reward’ circuit because they experience a drug induced hyperdopaminergic state compared to individuals with high activity DBH genotypes (rs1611115 CC). Regular drug users (
N
= 122) received acute doses of cannabis (450 μg/kg THC), cocaine HCl 300 mg and placebo. Cognitive impulse control was assessed by means of the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFFT). Resting state fMRI was measured in a subset of participants to determine functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and (sub)cortical areas. The influence of cannabis and cocaine on impulsivity and functional connectivity significantly interacted with DBH genotype. Both drugs increased cognitive impulsivity in participants with CT/TT genotypes but not in CC participants. Both drugs also reduced functional connectivity between the NAc and the limbic lobe, prefrontal cortex, striatum and thalamus and primarily in individuals with CT/TT genotypes. Correlational analysis indicated a significant negative association between cognitive impulsivity and functional connectivity in subcortical areas of the brain. It is concluded that interference of cannabis and cocaine with cognitive impulse control and functional corticostriatal connectivity depends on DBH genotype. The present data provide a neural substrate and behavioral mechanism by which drug users can progress to drug seeking and may also offer a rationale for targeted pharmacotherapy in chronic drug users with high risk DBH genotypes.
Journal Article
