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Fish travel in schools, birds migrate in flocks, honeybees swarm, and ants build trails. How and why do these collective behaviors occur? Exploring how coordinated group patterns emerge from individual interactions,Collective Animal Behaviorreveals why animals produce group behaviors and examines their evolution across a range of species. Providing a synthesis of mathematical modeling, theoretical biology, and experimental work, David Sumpter investigates how animals move and arrive together, how they transfer information, how they make decisions and synchronize their activities, and how they build collective structures. Sumpter constructs a unified appreciation of how different group-living species coordinate their behaviors and why natural selection has produced these groups. For the first time, the book combines traditional approaches to behavioral ecology with ideas about self-organization and complex systems from physics and mathematics. Sumpter offers a guide for working with key models in this area along with case studies of their application, and he shows how ideas about animal behavior can be applied to understanding human social behavior. Containing a wealth of accessible examples as well as qualitative and quantitative features,Collective Animal Behaviorwill interest behavioral ecologists and all scientists studying complex systems.

From a team of leading experts comes a comprehensive, multidisciplinary examination of the most current research including the complex issue of violence and violent behavior. The handbook examines a range of theoretical, policy, and research issues and provides a comprehensive overview of aggressive and violent behavior. The breadth of coverage is impressive, ranging from research on biological factors related to violence and behavior-genetics to research on terrrorism and the impact of violence in different cultures. The authors examine violence from international cross-cultural perspectives, with chapters that examine both quantitative and qualitative research. They also look at violence at multiple levels: individual, family, neighborhood, cultural, and across multiple perspectives and systems, including treatment, justice, education, and public health.

Animal Vigilance builds on the author's previous publication with Academic Press (Social Predation: How Group Living Benefits Predators and Prey) by developing several other themes including the development and mechanisms underlying vigilance, as well as developing more fully the evolution and function of vigilance.Animal vigilance has been.

Social network analysis is used widely in the social sciences to study interactions among people, groups, and organizations, yet until now there has been no book that shows behavioral biologists how to apply it to their work on animal populations.Exploring Animal Social Networksprovides a practical guide for researchers, undergraduates, and graduate students in ecology, evolutionary biology, animal behavior, and zoology. Existing methods for studying animal social structure focus either on one animal and its interactions or on the average properties of a whole population. This book enables researchers to probe animal social structure at all levels, from the individual to the population. No prior knowledge of network theory is assumed. The authors give a step-by-step introduction to the different procedures and offer ideas for designing studies, collecting data, and interpreting results. They examine some of today's most sophisticated statistical tools for social network analysis and show how they can be used to study social interactions in animals, including cetaceans, ungulates, primates, insects, and fish. Drawing from an array of techniques, the authors explore how network structures influence individual behavior and how this in turn influences, and is influenced by, behavior at the population level. Throughout, the authors use two software packages--UCINET and NETDRAW--to illustrate how these powerful analytical tools can be applied to different animal social organizations.

The goal of this cutting edge book is to reposition social marketing so that foundations, government agencies, and various nonprofits will approach social change in a way that reaches both upstream and downstream individuals in society. Author Alan R. Andreasen outlines potential roles, restates fundamental principles, and then suggests how social marketing might be applied to a sample of nontraditional challenges.

As part of the SFI series, this book presents the most up-to-date research in the study of human and primate societies, including recent advances in software and algorithms for modeling societies, and it is ideal for professionals in archaeology, cultural anthropology, primatology, or computer science.

Burying beetles conceal small vertebrate carcasses underground and prepare them for consumption by their young. This review places their complex social behavior in an ecological context that focuses on the evolution of biparental care and communal breeding. Both males and females provide extensive parental care, and the major benefit of male assistance is to help defend the brood and carcass from competitors. As intensity and type of competition vary, so do the effectiveness and duration of male care. In many species, a single brood may be reared on large carcasses by more than one male and/or female. Limited reproductive opportunities, the greater effectiveness of groups in preventing the probability of brood failure (especially that caused by competing flies), and the superabundance of food on large carcasses have contributed to the evolution of this cooperative behavior.

Few studies have examined the relationship between interpersonal functioning and coping, two constructs that have been empirically linked to depression. This study examined the association between the coping strategies most commonly used by individuals with major depressive disorder and their interpersonal functioning. These processes were examined at the beginning of a 20-session cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression and at the end of treatment. Psychotherapy transcripts of 42 participants were rated for coping strategies using the Coping Pattern Rating System (Perry, Drapeau, & Dunkley, 2007) and for interpersonal functioning using the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (Benjamin & Cushing, 2000). Early in therapy, a significant association was found between the escape coping strategy and interpersonal behaviors involving seeking distance from one's therapists, the assertion and separation from others and lesser use of the information seeking coping strategy, blaming others and more aggressive forms of coping, and self-criticism and escape coping. Later in therapy, patients who expressed themselves and connected with their therapists were more likely to use coping strategies such as self-reliance and information seeking to cope with stressors and to rely on their personal resources in relationships. These results are discussed in the context of tracking psychotherapy process and enhancing treatment outcome. Très peu d'études ont examiné la relation entre le fonctionnement interpersonnel et l'adaptation, deux concepts empiriquement liés à la dépression. La présente étude a examiné l'association entre les stratégies d'adaptation les plus couramment utilisées par les personnes atteintes de troubles dépressifs graves et leur fonctionnement interpersonnel. Ces processus ont été examinés dans les premiers stades d'une thérapie cognitivo-comportementale de la dépression s'échelonnant sur 20 séances et lors des derniers stades du traitement. Les transcriptions de psychothérapie de 42 participants ont été évaluées en fonction de leurs stratégies d'adaptation à l'aide du Système de classement de la capacité d'adaptation (Perry, Drapeau et Dunkley, 2007) et de leur fonctionnement interpersonnel à l'aide de l'Analyse structurelle du comportement social (Benjamin et Cushing, 2000). Dans les premiers stades de la thérapie, une association significative a été trouvée entre la stratégie d'adaptation par l'évitement et les comportements interpersonnels incluant la recherche d'une distance de leurs thérapeutes, l'affirmation, la séparation d'autres personnes et une utilisation réduite de la stratégie d'adaptation par la recherche d'information, jeter le blâme sur autrui et d'autres formes d'adaptation plus agressives, ainsi que l'autocritique et l'adaptation par l'évitement. Dans les stades plus avancés de la thérapie, les patients qui s'exprimaient et qui avaient établi un lien avec leurs thérapeutes étaient plus susceptibles d'utiliser des stratégies d'adaptation comme l'autonomie et la recherche d'information pour faire face au stress et de se fier à leurs ressources personnelles dans leurs relations. Ces constats sont abordés dans un contexte de suivi du processus psychothérapeutique et de l'amélioration des résultats de traitement. Public Significance Statement Within the context of depression, patient coping strategies and interpersonal behaviors are highly associated. Throughout psychotherapy treatment, coping strategies and interpersonal behaviors should be tracked to enhance treatment outcomes. More specifically, clinicians should be attentive to patients seeking distance within their therapeutic relationship as this may be associated with maladaptive coping strategies. Moreover, clinicians should encourage patients toward developing a balance between support seeking behaviors and self-reliant behaviors.