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CARBON ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION BETWEEN WHOLE LEAVES AND CUTICLE
The δ13C of fossil leaf cuticle is frequently used for paleoenvironment interpretation. A tacit assumption that is common in such studies is that the δ13C of the cuticle is the same as the δ13C of the original whole leaf. We tested this assumption by measuring the isotopic fractionation between cuticle and whole leaves (ϵ13Ccuticle-leaf) in 175 phylogenetically diverse species. The average ϵ13Ccuticle-leaf is indistinguishable from zero (-0.04 ±1.2‰ 1σ), in keeping with the few previously published data and with studies that have tracked the evolution of leaf δ13C during decomposition. Across species, ϵ13Ccuticle-leaf spans over 9‰: this variability does not covary with growth habit (woody vs. herbaceous) or climate, but does contain a strong phylogenetic signal. In particular, more basal groups (lycopsids and some gymnosperms, basal ferns, and basal angiosperms) tend to have negative ϵ13Ccuticle-leaf values. This variability should be accounted for in studies that wish to estimate whole-leaf δ13C from cuticle δ13C.
Journal Article
Connecticut : mapping the Nutmeg State through history
Connecticut: mapping the Nutmeg State through history provides a fascinating journey into the state's past through more than fifty full-color historical maps from the Library of Congress.
Book
Narratives of justice
Narratives of Justice offers a provocative, contemporary look at the timeless questions of justice and fairness. Using face-to-face interviews, Grant Reeher plumbs the minds of legislators for their beliefs about distributive justice and attempts to discover the ways in which those beliefs influence their behavior. The book calls into question many notions of American political ideology and, in particular, the idea of an \"American exceptionalism\" regarding views from the political left, and the dominance in the United States of a \"liberal tradition.\" Political philosophers have amassed a large body of work on justice and fairness from a theoretical perspective, but there is comparatively little empirical work on the subject. The work that does exist concentrates on the beliefs of the public. We know very little concerning the beliefs about justice held by political elites. This work offers a window into the beliefs of legislators, a group for which such an inquiry is rarely undertaken. The book is based on a set of extended, in-depth interviews with the members of the Connecticut State Senate as well as a year of close observation of the Senate in action. The interviews averaged four hours in length and covered a variety of topics related to fairness. Through this material, Reeher employs a narrative-based framework to understand the patterns in the senators' interview responses, and develops a typology of the senator's narratives. These narratives vary in both content and form, and as a whole present a surprising range of views. Narratives of Justice will be of interest to those concerned with justice, political ideologies, and political beliefs, as well as state and local politics and, more generally, American politics. Its wide research and thorough documentation make it a useful guide to the literature within and beyond political science concerning beliefs, ideologies, legislative behavior, and qualitative research methods. Contributors are Frederick Abbott, Ichiro Araki, Christian Bach, Jacques H. J. Bourgeois, Thomas Cottier, William J. Davey, Vladimir Dbrentsov, Toni Haniotis, Bernard M. Hoekman, Gary Horlick, Henrik Horn, Robert Howse, Patrick Low, Will Martin, Mitsuo Matsushita, Petros Mavroidis, Aaditya Mattoo, Patrick Messerlin, Constantine Michalopoulos, Kristin Heim Mowry, Stilpon Nestor, Damien Neven, N. David Palmeter, Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, André Sapir, Diane P. Wood, and Werner Zdouc.
eBook
Free the beaches : the story of Ned Coll and the battle for America's most exclusive shoreline
\"This book is the first to tell the story of the controversial protester who gathered a band of determined African American mothers and children and challenged the racist, exclusionary tactics of homeowners in a state synonymous with liberalism. Coll's legacy of remarkable successes--and failures--illuminates how our nation's fragile coasts have not only become more exclusive in subsequent decades but also have suffered greater environmental destruction and erosion as a result of that private ownership\"--Amazon.com.
Book
Flash flooding prompts road closures in Connecticut
Flash flooding hit parts of Connecticut on Aug. 18, prompting authorities to close multiple roads in the region.
Streaming Video
Facing toward the dawn : the Italian anarchists of New London
\"Facing toward the Dawn is a history of the Italian American anarchist movement that existed in the Fort Trumbull neighborhood of New London, Connecticut, for seventy years. The Italian American radical movement thrived into the 1920s in industrial cities throughout the country. Connecticut possessed a vibrant movement, and New London's anarchists stood at the forefront of this activity. Based upon immigrants from the Marche region of Italy, especially the city of Fano, the Fort Trumbull anarchist groups maintained a strong, stable presence in the neighborhood for decades. Beginning as a circle within the ideological camp of Errico Malatesta, the New London Marchegian anarchists evolved into one of the core groupings within the wing of the movement supporting Luigi Galleani. They conducted manifold activities, from propaganda to involvement in the labor movement, fought fascists in the streets, held countless social events such as festas, theatrical performances, picnics and dances, and hosted militant speakers such as Emma Goldman. Above all, they established what could be called a \"solidarity\" subculture upon which the longevity of their group was based. This study is a micro-history of an ethnic radical group in a New England city during the heyday of labor radicalism in the United States, and written in the context of developing trends within the larger radical movement, the Italian American community, and greater American society as it moved from the Gilded Age to the New Deal and beyond\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Healthy Voices, Unhealthy Silence
Public silence in policymaking can be deafening. When advocates for a disadvantaged group decline to speak up, not only are their concerns not recorded or acted upon, but also the collective strength of the unspoken argument is lessened-a situation that undermines the workings of deliberative democracy by reflecting only the concerns of more powerful interests. But why do so many advocates remain silent on key issues they care about and how does that silence contribute to narrowly defined policies? What can individuals and organizations do to amplify their privately expressed concerns for policy change? InHealthy Voices, Unhealthy Silence, Colleen M. Grogan and Michael K. Gusmano address these questions through the lens of state-level health care advocacy for the poor. They examine how representatives for the poor participate in an advisory board process by tying together existing studies; extensive interviews with key players; and an in-depth, first-hand look at the Connecticut Medicaid advisory board's deliberations during the managed care debate. Drawing on the concepts of deliberative democracy, agenda setting, and nonprofit advocacy, Grogan and Gusmano reveal the reasons behind advocates' often unexpected silence on major issues, assess how capable nonprofits are at affecting policy debates, and provide prescriptive advice for creating a participatory process that adequately addresses the health care concerns of the poor and dispossessed. Though exploring specifically state-level health care advocacy for the poor, the lessons Grogan and Gusmano offer here are transferable across issue areas and levels of government. Public policy scholars, advocacy organizations, government workers, and students of government administration will be well-served by this significant study.
eBook