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Disability in the time of pandemic
\"COVID-19 has once again illuminated the ways in which health risks and negative health outcomes are tied to economic and social inequalities. Disabled people rank among those most disadvantaged in terms of education, income, and social inclusion and this exacerbated their risk of negative pandemic-related outcomes. From the start, it was clear that disabled people would be disproportionately affected by the pandemic and this solidified as the pandemic unfolded. Disability in the Time of Pandemic is a timely exploration of emerging research into the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for people with disabilities in their varied communities and across their complex identities. Using the insights, perspectives, and methods of a variety of disciplines including Anthropology, Disability Studies, Education, Physical and Rehabilitation Therapies, Public Health, Psychology, Sociology, and Women's and Gender Studies, authors explore the initial and ongoing effects of the global pandemic on people with disabilities in Canada, India, Poland, and the United States\"--Publisher's website.
BOOK
After Life
After Life is a collective history of how Americans experienced, navigated, commemorated, and ignored mass death and loss during the global COVID-19 pandemic, mass uprisings for racial justice, and the near presidential coup in 2021 following the 2020 election. Inspired by the writers who documented American life during the Great Depression and World War II for the Works Progress Administration (WPA), the editors asked twenty-first-century historians and legal experts to focus on the parallels, convergences, and differences between the exceptional \"long 2020\", while it unfolds, and earlier eras in U.S. History. Providing context for the entire volume, After Life's Introduction explains how COVID-19 and America's long history of inequality, combined with a corrupt and unconcerned federal government, produced one of the darkest times in our nation's history. Discussing the rise of the COVID-19 death toll in the United States, eventually exceeding the 1918 flu, the AIDS epidemic, and the Civil War, it ties public health, immigration, white supremacy, elections history, and epidemics together, and provides a short history of the Black Lives Matter protests of 2020 and the beginnings of a Third Reconstruction. After Life documents how Americans have dealt with grief, pain, and loss, both individually and communally, and how we endure and thrive. The title is an affirmation that even in our suspended half-living during lockdowns and quarantines, we are a nation of survivors—with an unprecedented chance to rebuild society in a more equitable way. Contributors include: Gwendolyn Hall, Heather Ann Thompson, Jacquelyn Dowd Hall, Keith Ellison, Keri Leigh Merritt, Martha Hodes, Mary Kathryn Nagle, Mary L. Dudziak, Monica Muñoz Martinez, Peniel E. Joseph, Philip J. Deloria, Rhae Lynn Barnes, Robert L. Tsai, Robin D. G. Kelley, Scott Poulson-Bryant, Stephen Berry, Tera W. Hunter, Ula Y. Taylor, and, Yohuru Williams.
eBook
Unprepared : America in the time of coronavirus
A chronicle of the COVID-19 pandemic as it unfolded gathers statements from President Trump and other elected officials, leading journalists, and scientists to offer a portrait of the confusion, drama, and fear that defined the outbreak.
Book
Lessons of Hurricane Katrina for American Jews, 2020 Edition
The 85 narrators who contributed to the Katrina's Jewish Voices (KJV) oral history project, undertaken by the Jewish Women's Archive and the Institute for Southern Jewish Life in 2006, provided indelible accounts of their varied experiences of Katrina. Their narratives convey the texture of individual ordeals and the workings of an effective community during and after the storm.
Journal Article
How COVID vaccines shaped 2021 in eight powerful charts
The extraordinary vaccination of more than four billion people, and the lack of access for many others, were major forces this year — while Omicron’s arrival complicated things further.
The extraordinary vaccination of more than four billion people, and the lack of access for many others, were major forces this year — while Omicron’s arrival complicated things further.
Two nurses vaccinate a 74 year old in her home
Journal Article
Five reasons why COVID herd immunity is probably impossible
Even with vaccination efforts in full force, the theoretical threshold for vanquishing COVID-19 looks to be out of reach.
Even with vaccination efforts in full force, the theoretical threshold for vanquishing COVID-19 looks to be out of reach.
Journal Article
COVID-19 and vaccine hesitancy: A longitudinal study
How do attitudes toward vaccination change over the course of a public health crisis? We report results from a longitudinal survey of United States residents during six months (March 16 –August 16, 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Contrary to past research suggesting that the increased salience of a disease threat should improve attitudes toward vaccines, we observed a decrease in intentions of getting a COVID-19 vaccine when one becomes available. We further found a decline in general vaccine attitudes and intentions of getting the influenza vaccine. Analyses of heterogeneity indicated that this decline is driven by participants who identify as Republicans, who showed a negative trend in vaccine attitudes and intentions, whereas Democrats remained largely stable. Consistent with research on risk perception and behavior, those with less favorable attitudes toward a COVID-19 vaccination also perceived the virus to be less threatening. We provide suggestive evidence that differential exposure to media channels and social networks could explain the observed asymmetric polarization between self-identified Democrats and Republicans.
Journal Article
COVID-19 vaccine intentions in the United States, a social-ecological framework
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is a major obstacle for pandemic mitigation. As vaccine hesitancy occurs along multiple dimensions, we used a social-ecological framework to guide the examination of COVID-19 vaccine intentions.
Using an online survey in the US conducted in July 2020, we examined intentions to obtain a COVID-19 vaccine, once available. 592 respondents provided data, including measures of demographics, vaccine history, social norms, perceived risk, and trust in sources of COVID-19 information. Bivariate and multivariate multinomial models were used to compare respondents who intended to be vaccinated against COVID-19 to respondents who did not intend or were ambivalent about COVID-19 vaccination.
Only 59.1% of the sample reported that they intended to obtain a COVID-19 vaccine. In the multivariate multinomial model, those respondents who did not intend to be vaccinated, as compared to those who did, had significantly lower levels of trust in the CDC as a source of COVID-19 information (aOR = 0.29, CI = 0.17–0.50), reported lower social norms of COVID-19 preventive behaviors (aOR = 0.67, CI 0.51–0.88), scored higher on COVID-19 Skepticism (aOR = 1.44, CI = 1.28–1.61), identified as more politically conservative (aOR = 1.23, CI = 1.05–1.45), were less likely to have obtained a flu vaccine in the prior year (aOR = 0.21, CI = 0.11–0.39), were less likely to be female (aOR = 0.51, CI = 0.29–0.87), and were much more likely to be Black compared to White (aOR = 10.70, CI = 4.09–28.1). A highly similar pattern was observed among those who were ambivalent about receiving a COVID-19 vaccine compared to those who intended to receive one.
The results of this study suggest several avenues for COVID-19 vaccine promotion campaigns, including social network diffusion strategies and cross-partisan messaging, to promote vaccine trust. The racial and gender differences in vaccine intentions also suggest the need to tailor campaigns based on gender and race.
Journal Article
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women’s mental health
The current worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 has changed the modus operandi of all segments of society. While some pandemic-related stressors affect nearly everyone, many especially affect women. Purpose: To review what is known about the pandemic’s effect on women’s mental health, what makes them more predisposed to vulnerabilities and adverse impacts, and strategies for preventing and treating these mental health consequences in the female population during specific stages across the lifespan. Methods: The authors performed a narrative review in combination with their observations from clinical experience in the field of women’s mental health and reproductive psychiatry. Articles on women’s mental health and COVID-19 up to May 30, 2020, were searched using the electronic PubMed and PsychInfo databases, as well as publications by major health entities (e.g., World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United Nations) and press releases from prime communication outlets (e.g., National Public Radio). Results and conclusions: Women who are pregnant, postpartum, miscarrying, or experiencing intimate partner violence are at especially high risk for developing mental health problems during the pandemic. Proactive outreach to these groups of women and enhancement of social supports could lead to prevention, early detection, and prompt treatment. Social support is a key protective factor. Similarly, parenting may be substantially more stressful during a pandemic. Gender disparities may be accentuated, particularly for employed women or single parents, as women are disproportionately responsible for the bulk of domestic tasks, including childcare and eldercare.
Journal Article
Associations between COVID-19 infection, symptom severity, perceived susceptibility, and long-term adherence to protective behaviors: The Los Angeles pandemic surveillance cohort study
During the COVID-19 pandemic, protective behaviors like mask wearing or social distancing were encouraged to limit viral spread. While pandemic fatigue is tied to the reduction of protective behaviors over time, little evidence exists examining predictors of long-term protective behaviors after recovering from COVID-19.
This study investigates the association between COVID-19 infection status and future use of protective behaviors.
We analyzed data from 676 adults who completed questionnaires in May 2021 and January 2023 as part of the Los Angeles Pandemic Surveillance Cohort Study. Measures included self-reported COVID-19 infection status and symptom severity, and mask wearing, hand washing, social distancing and perceived susceptibility to COVID-19. We performed Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, ordinal logit regression models, and mediation analysis to assess behavior change, associations, and whether perceived susceptibility mediated the effects.
The use of protective behaviors declined significantly from baseline to follow-up. Self- reported asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 infection was associated with less social distancing (aOR=0.57, 95% CI [0.35, 0.92]), less mask wearing (aOR=0.63, 95% CI [0.40, 0.99]), and lower perceived susceptibility (aβ = -0.17, 95% CI [-0.33, -0.02]) at follow-up. Moderate or severe COVID-19 infection was associated with less mask wearing (aOR=0.55, 95%CI [0.38, 0.81]). Perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 mediated 15% of the effect of mild COVID-19 infection on mask wearing (indirect effect aβ = -0.16, 95% CI [-0.31, -0.02]).
These results provide novel insights into the drivers of decreased use of protective behaviors over the course of the pandemic, particularly after an asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 infection. More research is needed on the effect of COVID-19 infection on long-term adherence to preventive measures against future pandemics.
Journal Article