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"CULTURAL NATIONALISM"
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Nationalism : a world history
\"A new global history of nationalism. Today, almost all countries are considered nation-states, but only a handful conform to the original nationalist ideal of a unitary state which governs an ethnically homogenous nation, an ideal which has rarely been realized in the past. Given this disjunction between the ideal and reality, what explains the extraordinary success of the nation-state model - a form of statehood based on popular sovereignty - and the seductive power of the myth of national homogeneity? Most existing studies focus on the activities of nationalist movements, their views on the nation's identity and the wars and revolutions that produced nation-states. This has served to overemphasize the singularity of each case, producing a very fragmented picture overall. In this book, author Eric Storm takes a global approach by examining the structural changes that were engendered by the advance of the nation-state model and the nationalization of culture. Emphasizing how conceptions of the nation changed profoundly over time, the book details how the rise of nationalism fundamentally affected the everyday life of ordinary people across the globe. Storm explores four interrelated topics chronologically: the rise, dissemination, and evolution of the nation-state model, which was first developed during the Atlantic Revolutions; the implications of national citizenship for citizens and the attempt by nation-states to expand the ambit of citizenship, even while more strictly excluding outsiders; the allure of nationalism, as the existence of differentiated nations was increasingly taken for granted in the humanities, social sciences and high culture; and, finally, the process whereby nationalism became ingrained in daily life and the physical environment. In making use of a global comparative approach, Storm makes clear that no nation has been unique; rather, they have all conformed to the nation-state model\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
To Defend This Sunrise
To Defend this Sunrise examines how black women on the
Caribbean coast of Nicaragua engage in regional, national, and
transnational modes of activism to remap the nation's racial order
under conditions of increasing economic precarity and autocracy.
The book considers how, since the 19th century, black women
activists have resisted historical and contemporary patterns of
racialized state violence, economic exclusion, territorial
dispossession, and political repression. Specifically, it explores
how the new Sandinista state under Daniel Ortega and Rosario
Murillo has utilized multicultural rhetoric as a mode of political,
economic, and territorial dispossession. In the face of the
Sandinista state's co-optation of multicultural discourse and
growing authoritarianism, black communities have had to recalibrate
their activist strategies and modes of critique to resist these new
forms of \"multicultural dispossession.\" This concept describes the
ways that state actors and institutions drain multiculturalism of
its radical, transformative potential by espousing the rhetoric of
democratic recognition while simultaneously supporting illiberal
practices and policies that undermine black political demands and
weaken the legal frameworks that provide the basis for the claims
of these activists against the state.
eBook
Making Sense of Cultural Nationalism and the Politics of Commemoration under the Third Chimurenga in Zimbabwe
This article examines the range of cultural events and activities that were promoted by the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) in the 2000s under the banner of the Third Chimurenga. It contributes to a lively debate on post-2000 cultural imaginings of a fetishised nation riddled by contestations over state power. The article posits that the 'cultural' nationalism that was promoted through the Third Chimurenga emerged partly as a political response to the failures of 'developmental' nationalism of the 1980s and 1990s, and partly as a continuation and intensification of the earlier imaginings of Zimbabwe that dated back to the 1960s. Through a range of cultural activities, the ruling party sought to legitimise its continued rule in the face of the challenges posed by the increasingly popular Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) and the growing number of civil society organisations. Through the specific genre of the 'music gala', cultural nationalism came to attribute new meanings to concepts such as 'independence', 'heroes' and 'unity' in the changed political context of the 2000s. The gala effectively syncretised the elite memorialism of the 1980s and 1990s with the cultural practices of the 1970s liberation war. The revival of cultural nationalism in the 2000s assisted ZANU-PF in deepening and strengthening the liberation war as Zimbabwe's primary foundation myth. It also enabled the ruling party to delegitimise the MDC as a party without liberation war credentials and as a threat to the country's 'independence' and 'unity'. This article tracks the roots of cultural nationalism prior to the 2000s, and analyses the forms that were promoted as part of the Third Chimurenga, with a specific focus on music galas, bashes and commemorations, in order to consider the type of nation that was being celebrated, performed and commemorated in the post-2000 period.
Journal Article
The Law Governing Cultural Heritage in Italy: Universal Values Versus National Cultural Identity
Taking the move from the theories of cultural internationalism and nationalism, some problematic issues that hamper the creation of an effective, common legal regime of protection against illicit trafficking of cultural objects, are analysed in the light of UNESCO 70 and UNIDROIT 95 together with the case of Italy as a paradigmatic example. In this context, absent an effective common legal framework,
of cultural heritage as a trans-boundary customary practice has recently been progressively implemented along with other alternative instruments such as mediation and bilateral agreements that allow for shared forms of enjoyment and exchange.
Journal Article
The Rise of “Localism” and Civic Identity in Post-handover Hong Kong: Questioning the Chinese Nation-state
While it was traditionally accepted that Hongkongers shared a form of pan-Chinese cultural identification that did not contradict their local distinctiveness, over the last decade Hong Kong has seen the rise of new types of local identity discourses. Most recently, “localists” have been a vocal presence. Hong Kong has – quite unexpectedly – developed a strong claim for self-determination. But how new is “localism” with respect to the more traditional “Hong Kong identity” that appeared in the 1970s? The present study takes a two-dimensional approach to study these discourses, examining not only their framework of identification (local versus pan-Chinese) but also their mode of identification (ethno-cultural versus civic). Using three case studies, the June Fourth vigil, the 2012 anti-National Education protest and the 2014 Umbrella movement, it distinguishes between groups advocating civic identification with the local community (Scholarism, HKFS) and others highlighting ethnic identification (Chin Wan). It argues that while local and national identification were traditionally not incompatible, the civic-based identification with a local democratic community, as advocated by most participants in recent movements, is becoming increasingly incompatible with the ethnic and cultural definition of the Chinese nation that is now being promoted by the Beijing government. 根据一般理解, 香港虽然有自己的地方特点, 但同样认同大中华文化。可是, 近十年, 香港出现了新类型的香港身份认同话语。最近 “本土” 论述经常出现, 甚至 “自决” 需求都浮出水面。那么, 这种论述与 1970 年代的传统 “香港人” 论有多大差别? 本文试图从两重角度探索本土身份认同论, 不仅探讨它的认同框架 (地方/大中华), 又分析它的认同方式 (文化–族裔认同/公民认同)。通过三个个案——六四纪念会、2012 年的反国民教育运动、2014 年的雨伞运动——, 本文区分本土认同的两种类型: 基于政治与公民 (civic) 的身份认同 (例如学民思潮, 学联的论述), 和基于族裔与文化 (ethno-cultural) 的身份认同(如陈云等人论述)。如果在过去地方与国家层次的身份认同不矛盾, 那么最近的冲突来自哪里? 本文提出这样的问题: 除了中港 (框架) 矛盾之外, 存在于本地公民的民主群体与北京当局促成的族裔文化民族群体之间的冲突, 是否更加重要?
Journal Article
