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Cybernetic Frameworks for a Shared World
This ebook presents seven articles developed from contributions to the 2018 conference of the American Society for Cybernetics (ASC), which took place during 7-12 August in Chicago, Illinois. The conference theme Framing Reality and How It Matters in a Shared World aimed to encourage presenters to consider how the world we share on a daily basis is socially constructed from diverse concurrently developing viewpoints and narratives.The conference theme illustrates the importance of recognizing and navigating within diverging and often conflicting narratives: We each frame how we look at the world in conjunction with our assumptions, tools, models, and narratives. These frames, in turn, affect what we perceive to be our available actions (American Society for Cybernetics, 2018). With every individual and every community creating and embracing different frameworks and narratives, what we recognize as reality is inevitably diverse. Narratives in turn influence what we pay attention to and how we choose to act. In the face of such diverse claims to what is seen to constitute reality , we must recognize the subjectivity of our framing and learn to interrogate it. Because every individual frames her reality differently, some narratives are contradictory (ibid.).Presentations at the conference discussed how, from a cybernetic perspective, the differences arising from such diverging narratives offer potential for variety and innovation rather than conflict. Becoming aware of and accommodating narratives beyond our individual selective viewpoints allows us to expand our horizons and can lead to new insights. This applies not only to personal narratives but also to disciplinary perspectives and methods of inquiry, affecting the ability of communities of scholars to interact. The conference theme implicitly also challenged conference participants to examine their own cybernetic narratives when encountering other narratives. The papers collected in this volume show cybernetics in dialogue with diverse fields which introduce their own narratives.
eBook
Perché la tecnologia ha bisogno dell’archeologia
Probably nothing more than technological development has characterized the last century. From research on cybernetics, which had an incredible momentum during the years of the Second World War, and that they involved the most brilliant mathematicians, psychologists and ethologists and physicists of the time, the technological development to support of contemporary society has practically none known setbacks. Every element of our daily life has been affected by this process which today still seems unstoppable: from communications to hygiene, from production to knowledge, from entertainment to ethics. Similarly, every discipline has been irremediably involved by technological and digital evolutions.
Journal Article
Du groupe à l’équipe de travail – Dépasser les risques de rupture
Cet article reprend quelques fondamentaux pour tenter de garder cohérence et cohésion au sein d’une équipe œuvrant dans les champs psycho-médico-sociaux, et ce malgré les embûches. Dans un premier temps, il aborde l’organisation d’un groupe, tant en ce qui concerne les professionnels que les bénéficiaires, pour ensuite relater quelques difficultés, rappeler quelques incontournables utiles au fonctionnement d’une équipe et approfondir l’une ou l’autre balises apportées. Le dispositif de supervision est aussi abordé. L’auteur fait honneur tant aux pionniers de la systémique avec des éléments de la première cybernétique qu’aux tenants de la seconde cybernétique. Il invite à un processus réflexif. This article addresses some fundamentals for attempting to keep coherence and cohesion within teams working in the psycho-medico-social fields, despite the pitfalls. First, it addresses group organization with regard to both professionals and beneficiaries, then recalls some difficulties as well as some essentials useful to the functioning of a team, and also goes into detail on one or the other of the markers provided. The supervision system is also discussed. The author honors both the pioneers of the systemic with elements of the first cybernetics and the proponents of the second cybernetics. The article calls for a reflective process.
Journal Article
Monstruoso y cyborg: el cine entre el arte, la tecnología y la ciencia
En este artículo nos proponemos pensar al cine como un arte cyborg, un punto de encuentro entre arte, ciencia y tecnología. Tomando la perspectiva de las “ontologías abiertas” u ontologías de la monstruosidad de Donna Haraway que son constitutivamente fronterizas y relacionales, buscaremos ver cómo se manifiestan en lo cinematográfico. Desde distintos teóricos del cine se lo plantea como un arte constitutivamente monstruoso: André Bazin nos habla del cine como “arte impuro”, Alain Badiou lo retoma para pensar la operación de síntesis que va de lo impuro, el caos del mundo, a la pureza o síntesis. Edgard Morin resalta capacidad cinematográfica de metamorfosis, y Jean Epstein vincula el cine a la energía diabólica, ya que considera al Diablo como un gran inventor. También el cineasta chileno Raúl Ruíz comparte esta mirada al proponer un cine-chamánico y hechicero, y por último, Jean-Louise Comolli quien hace un elogio del cine-monstruo.
Journal Article
Cybernetics : or, Control and communication in the animal and the machine
\"Cybernetics is the interdisciplinary study of controlling the flow of information in systems with feedback loops, be they biological, mechanical, cognitive, or social. This book is widely cited for laying the theoretical foundations of information theory and influencing the development of error-correcting servomechanisms, autonomous navigation, analog computing, artificial intelligence, and neuroscience\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The cybernetics moment, or, Why we call our age the information age
How did cybernetics and information theory arise, and how did they come to dominate fields as diverse as engineering, biology, and the social sciences?
Winner of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title of the Choice ACRL
Outstanding Academic Title, Choice
Cybernetics—the science of communication and control as it applies to machines and to humans—originates from efforts during World War II to build automatic antiaircraft systems. Following the war, this science extended beyond military needs to examine all systems that rely on information and feedback, from the level of the cell to that of society. In The Cybernetics Moment, Ronald R. Kline, a senior historian of technology, examines the intellectual and cultural history of cybernetics and information theory, whose language of \"information, \" \"feedback, \" and \"control\" transformed the idiom of the sciences, hastened the development of information technologies, and laid the conceptual foundation for what we now call the Information Age.
Kline argues that, for about twenty years after 1950, the growth of cybernetics and information theory and ever-more-powerful computers produced a utopian information narrative—an enthusiasm for information science that influenced natural scientists, social scientists, engineers, humanists, policymakers, public intellectuals, and journalists, all of whom struggled to come to grips with new relationships between humans and intelligent machines.
Kline traces the relationship between the invention of computers and communication systems and the rise, decline, and transformation of cybernetics by analyzing the lives and work of such notables as Norbert Wiener, Claude Shannon, Warren McCulloch, Margaret Mead, Gregory Bateson, and Herbert Simon. Ultimately, he reveals the crucial role played by the cybernetics moment—when cybernetics and information theory were seen as universal sciences—in setting the stage for our current preoccupation with information technologies.
eBook