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This review highlights recent progress in exosome-based drug delivery for cancer therapy, covering exosome biogenesis, cargo selection mechanisms, and their application across multiple cancer types. As small extracellular vesicles, exosomes exhibit high biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, making them ideal drug delivery vehicles capable of efficiently targeting cancer cells, minimizing off-target damage and side effects. This review aims to explore the potential of exosomes in cancer therapy, with a focus on applications in chemotherapy, gene therapy, and immunomodulation. Additionally, challenges related to exosome production and standardization are analyzed, highlighting the importance of addressing these issues for their clinical application. In conclusion, exosome-based drug delivery systems offer promising potential for future cancer therapies. Further research should aim to enhance production efficiency and facilitate clinical translation, paving the way for innovative cancer treatment strategies.

\"Mindfulness: A Kindly Approach to Being with Cancer offers people with cancer a means to bring mindfulness and kindliness into their lives, to help them cope with the challenge of a life-threatening illness. Adapts Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), an approach with a strong evidence base for people with recurrent depression, for the needs and challenges of people with cancer Presents the standard 8-week course of MBCT for cancer in a flexible format that is designed to suit each readers own particular timescale, context and situation Based on more than 15 years of program development and clinical application by the author, and the work and experience of mindfulness teachers in other cancer centres around the world. Provides specific practices and approaches tailored to support the different phases of a cancer experience from diagnosis and treatment to living with uncertainty and managing life with cancer Features five extended stories from people personally affected by cancer who have used mindfulness-based practices to support them in their own experience of illness, life and treatment\"-- Provided by publisher.

PurposeTo systematically review the literature and update the evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the use of photobiomodulation (PBM), such as laser and other light therapies, for the prevention and/or treatment of oral mucositis (OM).MethodsA systematic review was conducted by the Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society for Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) using PubMed and Web of Science. We followed the MASCC methods for systematic review and guidelines development. The rigorously evaluated evidence for each intervention, in each cancer treatment setting, was assigned a level-of-evidence (LoE). Based on the LoE, one of the following guidelines was determined: Recommendation, Suggestion, or No Guideline Possible.ResultsRecommendations are made for the prevention of OM and related pain with PBM therapy in cancer patients treated with one of the following modalities: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, head and neck (H&N) radiotherapy (without chemotherapy), and H&N radiotherapy with chemotherapy. For each of these modalities, we recommend 1–2 clinically effective protocols; the clinician should adhere to all parameters of the protocol selected. Due to inadequate evidence, currently, No Guideline Possible for treatment of established OM or for management of chemotherapy-related OM. The reported clinical settings were extremely variable, limiting data integration.ConclusionsThe evidence supports the use of specific settings of PBM therapy for the prevention of OM in specific patient populations. Under these circumstances, PBM is recommended for the prevention of OM. The guidelines are subject to continuous update based on new published data.

\"Over the last few years there has been a tremendous surge in research identifying the specific nutrients that have the ability to change the course of cancer. With a clearer understanding of the role that food nutrients, toxins, and microflora play in disease prevention and development, we have some of the long sought answers to our questions about what triggers, promotes, heals, and prevents cancer. Chace offers medicinally-potent smoothie recipes that taste great and provide cancer protective and healing nutrients, such as: Banana Coconut Cocoa Cream, Banana Ginger Dream, Basil Berry Citrus, Carotenoid Crush, Cherry Berry Lime, Creamy Citrus Berry, Kumquat Berry Cherry, Tangerine Currant, Watermelon Blackberry and Ginger, And many more!\" -- Provided by publisher.

At the first interim analysis of the phase 3 ENGOT-cx11/GOG-3047/KEYNOTE-A18 study, the addition of pembrolizumab to chemoradiotherapy provided a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in progression-free survival in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. We report the overall survival results from the second interim analysis of this study. Eligible patients with newly diagnosed, high-risk (FIGO 2014 stage IB2–IIB with node-positive disease or stage III–IVA regardless of nodal status), locally advanced, histologically confirmed, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, or adenosquamous cervical cancer were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive five cycles of pembrolizumab (200 mg) or placebo every 3 weeks with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, followed by 15 cycles of pembrolizumab (400 mg) or placebo every 6 weeks. Pembrolizumab or placebo and cisplatin were administered intravenously. Patients were stratified at randomisation by planned external beam radiotherapy type (intensity-modulated radiotherapy [IMRT] or volumetric-modulated arc therapy [VMAT] vs non-IMRT or non-VMAT), cervical cancer stage at screening (FIGO 2014 stage IB2–IIB node positive vs III–IVA), and planned total radiotherapy (external beam radiotherapy plus brachytherapy) dose (<70 Gy vs ≥70 Gy [equivalent dose of 2 Gy]). Primary endpoints were progression-free survival per RECIST 1.1 by investigator or by histopathological confirmation of suspected disease progression and overall survival defined as the time from randomisation to death due to any cause. Safety was a secondary endpoint. Between June 9, 2020, and Dec 15, 2022, 1060 patients at 176 sites in 30 countries across Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America were randomly assigned to treatment, with 529 patients in the pembrolizumab–chemoradiotherapy group and 531 patients in the placebo–chemoradiotherapy group. At the protocol-specified second interim analysis (data cutoff Jan 8, 2024), median follow-up was 29·9 months (IQR 23·3–34·3). Median overall survival was not reached in either group; 36-month overall survival was 82·6% (95% CI 78·4–86·1) in the pembrolizumab–chemoradiotherapy group and 74·8% (70·1–78·8) in the placebo–chemoradiotherapy group. The hazard ratio for death was 0·67 (95% CI 0·50–0·90; p=0·0040), meeting the protocol-specified primary objective. 413 (78%) of 528 patients in the pembrolizumab–chemoradiotherapy group and 371 (70%) of 530 in the placebo–chemoradiotherapy group had a grade 3 or higher adverse event, with anaemia, white blood cell count decreased, and neutrophil count decreased being the most common adverse events. Potentially immune-mediated adverse events occurred in 206 (39%) of 528 patients in the pembrolizumab–chemoradiotherapy group and 90 (17%) of 530 patients in the placebo–chemoradiotherapy group. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04221945. Pembrolizumab plus chemoradiotherapy significantly improved overall survival in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer These data, together with results from the first interim analysis, support this immuno-chemoradiotherapy strategy as a new standard of care for this population. Merck Sharp & Dohme, a subsidiary of Merck & Co.

\"Featuring 102 new dishes, this second edition provides practical suggestions to help patients and their caregivers anticipate--and overcome--the major challenges of eating well during treatment. What to Eat During Cancer Treatment offers evidence-based research and clinical information about the seven most common eating-related side effects of cancer treatment--nausea, diarrhea, constipation, trouble swallowing, sore mouth, unintentional weight loss, and taste alterations--and the foods to eat when these side effects occur. Throughout the book are beautiful, full-color photographs, along with tips for caregivers, food safety basics, strategies for avoiding excess weight gain, ways to deal with vitamin deficiencies, and more\"-- Provided by publisher.

First-line chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma has a median overall survival (OS) of less than 1 year. We aimed to evaluate first-line programmed cell death (PD)-1 inhibitor-based therapies in gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. We report the first results for nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone. In this multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial (CheckMate 649), we enrolled adults (≥18 years) with previously untreated, unresectable, non-HER2-positive gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, or oesophageal adenocarcinoma, regardless of PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression from 175 hospitals and cancer centres in 29 countries. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1 while all three groups were open) via interactive web response technology (block sizes of six) to nivolumab (360 mg every 3 weeks or 240 mg every 2 weeks) plus chemotherapy (capecitabine and oxaliplatin every 3 weeks or leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin every 2 weeks), nivolumab plus ipilimumab, or chemotherapy alone. Primary endpoints for nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone were OS or progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review, in patients whose tumours had a PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) of five or more. Safety was assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of the assigned treatment. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02872116. From March 27, 2017, to April 24, 2019, of 2687 patients assessed for eligibility, we concurrently randomly assigned 1581 patients to treatment (nivolumab plus chemotherapy [n=789, 50%] or chemotherapy alone [n=792, 50%]). The median follow-up for OS was 13·1 months (IQR 6·7–19·1) for nivolumab plus chemotherapy and 11·1 months (5·8–16·1) for chemotherapy alone. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy resulted in significant improvements in OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0·71 [98·4% CI 0·59–0·86]; p<0·0001) and PFS (HR 0·68 [98 % CI 0·56–0·81]; p<0·0001) versus chemotherapy alone in patients with a PD-L1 CPS of five or more (minimum follow-up 12·1 months). Additional results showed significant improvement in OS, along with PFS benefit, in patients with a PD-L1 CPS of one or more and all randomly assigned patients. Among all treated patients, 462 (59%) of 782 patients in the nivolumab plus chemotherapy group and 341 (44%) of 767 patients in the chemotherapy alone group had grade 3–4 treatment-related adverse events. The most common any-grade treatment-related adverse events (≥25%) were nausea, diarrhoea, and peripheral neuropathy across both groups. 16 (2%) deaths in the nivolumab plus chemotherapy group and four (1%) deaths in the chemotherapy alone group were considered to be treatment-related. No new safety signals were identified. Nivolumab is the first PD-1 inhibitor to show superior OS, along with PFS benefit and an acceptable safety profile, in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in previously untreated patients with advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, or oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy represents a new standard first-line treatment for these patients. Bristol Myers Squibb, in collaboration with Ono Pharmaceutical.

\"Whether you are a cancer patient undergoing treatment, a caregiver, or a survivor, you'll find this cookbook and nutritional guide essential--it includes the latest scientific research on improving the lives of people living with cancer. Created by Seattle's Cancer Lifeline, The Cancer Wellness Cookbook features nutritional plans and 100 recipes focusing on the foods that have been shown to prevent and forestall the spread of cancer. With super healthy and delicious ingredients like berries, mushrooms, beans, tomatoes, and fish, these dishes taste great and are filled with the nutrients that aid a person undergoing chemotherapy and other cancer treatments\"-- Provided by publisher.

Agents targeting signaling pathways in cancer cells are less specific than advertised. A number of these agents induce cardiovascular toxic effects ranging from decreased ejection fraction to atrial arrhythmias. The field of cardio-oncology represents the intersection of cancer and cardiovascular disease. This clinical specialty is focused on the cardiovascular care of patients with cancer and has expanded owing to the emergence of new targeted oncology therapies. Although these treatments have dramatically changed the natural course of many cancers, they may result in cardiovascular, thrombotic, or metabolic complications, which can be manifested either during the course of therapy or after completion of treatment. This article focuses on the cardiovascular toxic effects that may be associated with these new targeted cancer therapies and provides a broad overview of this emerging field. . . .