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Un Code rouge sous le bras, une voix si reconnaissable, des coups de gueule … c’est pourtant sans faire de bruit que Chantal Cans est partie, ce qui n’était assurément pas son genre. Mais qu’importe. Ce qui restera – aussi et surtout – c’est sa contribution à la doctrine, que l’éditorial de la Revue Juridique de l’Environnement ne pouvait passer sous silence. Nous évoquons ici le patchwork pour rendre hommage à l’auteur sous un double point de vue. C’est en effet de « patchwork mal cousu » que Chantal Cans avait qualifié en 2010 la loi Grenelle, et nous tenterons ici de recoudre l’œuvre qu’elle a elle-même tissée. Chantal aimait par ailleurs pratiquer la couture, une telle activité présentant au fond d’étranges similitudes avec le travail de juriste qu’elle accomplissait : fabriquer, défaire, reconstruire, découper, assembler. [...]

Cans are non-organic wastes that are difficult to destroy and can pollute the environment. The solution in this new normal era is by recycling cans waste into innovative for Balinese bridal accessories so that they have aesthetic value and increase selling value. The objective of the study was to determine the engineering of the waste of beverage cans as an innovative Balinese bridal accessory. The research method used the experiment, observation, documentation, descriptive analysis with sensory tests and preference tests. The results of the validity showed that all products received a very valid criteria, the highest value was obtained by the flower cap accessories 95.8%, the lowest value obtained by the Puspolembo accessories and the Nagasastra bracelets 83.3%. The sensory test results showed that the eight products are very feasible and the two products are feasible with an average of 87.5%. The results of the preference test are the eight products in the very like category and the two products in the like category with an average of 86.3%. The Balinese bridal accessories from the waste of beverage cans showed that it’s feasible and need to be developed as home economic products for craft commodities.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an important monomer in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics, food cans, and other daily used chemicals. Daily and worldwide usage of BPA and BPA-contained products led to its ubiquitous distribution in water, sediment/soil, and atmosphere. Moreover, BPA has been identified as an environmental endocrine disruptor for its estrogenic and genotoxic activity. Thus, BPA contamination in the environment is an increasingly worldwide concern, and methods to efficiently remove BPA from the environment are urgently recommended. Although many factors affect the fate of BPA in the environment, BPA degradation is mainly depended on the metabolism of bacteria. Many BPA-degrading bacteria have been identified from water, sediment/soil, and wastewater treatment plants. Metabolic pathways of BPA degradation in specific bacterial strains were proposed, based on the metabolic intermediates detected during the degradation process. In this review, the BPA-degrading bacteria were summarized, and the (proposed) BPA degradation pathway mediated by bacteria were referred.

Micro/nanoplastics (MP/NPs) are emerging global pollutants that garnered enormous attention due to their potential threat to the ecosystem in virtue of their persistence and accumulation. Notably, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) yearbook in 2014 proposed MPs as one among ten emergent issues that the Earth is facing today. MP/NPs can be found in most regularly used products (primary microplastics) or formed by the fragmentation of bigger plastics (secondary microplastics) and are inextricably discharged into the environment by terrestrial and land-based sources, particularly runoff. They are non-degradable, biologically incompatible, and their presence in the air, soil, water, and food can induce ecotoxicological issues and also a menace to the environment. Due to micro size and diverse chemical nature, MP/NPs easily infiltrate wastewater treatment processes. This communication reviews the current understanding of MP/NPs occurrence, mobility, aggregation behavior, and degradation/assimilation in terrestrial, aquatic (fresh & marine), atmospheric depositions, wetlands and trophic food chain. This communication provide current perspectives and understanding on MP/NPs concerning (1) Source, occurrence, distribution, and properties (2) Impact on the ecosystem and its services, (3) Techniques in detection and identification and (4) Strategies to manage and mitigation.

Fibers, with over 100 million tons produced each year, have been widely used in various areas. Recent efforts have focused on improving mechanical properties and chemical resistance of fibers via covalent cross-linking. However, the covalently cross-linked polymers are usually insoluble and infusible, and thus fiber fabrication is difficult. Those reported require complex multiple-step preparation processes. Herein, we present a facile and effective strategy to prepare adaptable covalently cross-linked fibers by direct melt spinning of covalent adaptable networks (CANs). At processing temperature, dynamic covalent bonds are reversibly dissociated/associated and the CANs are temporarily disconnected to enable melt spinning; at the service temperature, the dynamic covalent bonds are frozen, and the CANs exhibit favorable structural stability. We demonstrate the efficiency of this strategy via dynamic oxime-urethane based CANs, and successfully prepare adaptable covalently cross-linked fibers with robust mechanical properties (maximum elongation of 2639%, tensile strength of 87.68 MPa, almost complete recovery from an elongation of 800%) and solvent resistance. Application of this technology is demonstrated by an organic solvent resistant and stretchable conductive fiber. Covalent cross-linking can be used to improve the mechanical properties of fibers, but can be complicated to prepare and process. Here, the authors report fibers prepared with dynamic covalent bonds, which can reversibly dissociate to enable processing, while maintaining improved mechanical properties in the final material.

Glyphosate is a systemic, broad-spectrum and post-emergent herbicide. The use of glyphosate has grown in the last decades, and it is currently the most used herbicide worldwide. The rise of glyphosate consumption over the years also brought an increased concern about its possible toxicity and consequences for human health. However, a scientific community consensus does not exist at the present time, and glyphosate’s safety and health consequences are controversial. Since glyphosate is mainly applied in fields and can persist several months in the soil, concerns have been raised about the impact that its presence in food can cause in humans. Therefore, this work aims to review the glyphosate use, toxicity and occurrence in diverse food samples, which, in certain cases, occurs at violative levels. The incidence of glyphosate at levels above those legally allowed and the suspected toxic effects of this compound raise awareness regarding public health.

Although ubiquitous in modern vehicles, Controller Area Networks (CANs) lack basic security properties and are easily exploitable. A rapidly growing field of CAN security research has emerged that seeks to detect intrusions or anomalies on CANs. Producing vehicular CAN data with a variety of intrusions is a difficult task for most researchers as it requires expensive assets and deep expertise. To illuminate this task, we introduce the first comprehensive guide to the existing open CAN intrusion detection system (IDS) datasets. We categorize attacks on CANs including fabrication (adding frames, e.g., flooding or targeting and ID), suspension (removing an ID’s frames), and masquerade attacks (spoofed frames sent in lieu of suspended ones). We provide a quality analysis of each dataset; an enumeration of each datasets’ attacks, benefits, and drawbacks; categorization as real vs. simulated CAN data and real vs. simulated attacks; whether the data is raw CAN data or signal-translated; number of vehicles/CANs; quantity in terms of time; and finally a suggested use case of each dataset. State-of-the-art public CAN IDS datasets are limited to real fabrication (simple message injection) attacks and simulated attacks often in synthetic data, lacking fidelity. In general, the physical effects of attacks on the vehicle are not verified in the available datasets. Only one dataset provides signal-translated data but is missing a corresponding “raw” binary version. This issue pigeon-holes CAN IDS research into testing on limited and often inappropriate data (usually with attacks that are too easily detectable to truly test the method). The scarcity of appropriate data has stymied comparability and reproducibility of results for researchers. As our primary contribution, we present the Real ORNL Automotive Dynamometer (ROAD) CAN IDS dataset, consisting of over 3.5 hours of one vehicle’s CAN data. ROAD contains ambient data recorded during a diverse set of activities, and attacks of increasing stealth with multiple variants and instances of real (i.e. non-simulated) fuzzing, fabrication, unique advanced attacks, and simulated masquerade attacks. To facilitate a benchmark for CAN IDS methods that require signal-translated inputs, we also provide the signal time series format for many of the CAN captures. Our contributions aim to facilitate appropriate benchmarking and needed comparability in the CAN IDS research field.

Aquatic ecosystems are contaminated with heavy metals by natural and anthropogenic sources. Whilst some heavy metals are necessary for plants as micronutrients, others can be toxic to plants and humans even in trace concentrations. Among heavy metals, cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) cause significant damage to aquatic ecosystems and can invariably affect human health. Rice, a staple diet of many nations, and other aquatic plants used as vegetables in many countries, can bioaccumulate heavy metals when they grow in contaminated aquatic environments. These metals can enter the human body through food chains, and the presence of heavy metals in food can lead to numerous human health consequences. Heavy metals in aquatic plants can affect plant physicochemical functions, growth, and crop yield. Various mitigation strategies are being continuously explored to avoid heavy metals entering aquatic ecosystems. Understanding the levels of heavy metals in rice and aquatic plants grown for food in contaminated aquatic environments is important. Further, it is imperative to adopt sustainable management approaches and mitigation mechanisms. Although narrowly focused reviews exist, this article provides novel information for improving our understanding about heavy metal accumulation in rice and aquatic plants, addressing the gaps in literature.

Lipid oxidation not only negatively influences the sensory characteristics but also the functional characteristics of meat. During the process, various primary and secondary by-products are formed depending upon the types of fatty acids, oxygen availability, and the presence of pro- and antioxidants. Some of the lipid oxidation products only influence the quality of meat but others are implicated to various diseases and human health. Therefore, prevention of lipid oxidation in meat is important for meat quality and for human health as well. The imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants that favors oxidants in the biological system is called oxidative stress in the body. Although the body is equipped with defense enzymes and antioxidant compounds, there are many sources of oxidants or free radicals that can destroy the oxidants/antioxidants balance. Therefore, supply of extra antioxidants through food can help maintaining the balance in favor of antioxidants and help preventing various diseases and malfunctions of our body.

Rhamnolipids (RLs) are surface-active compounds and belong to the class of glycolipid biosurfactants, mainly produced from Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Due to their non-toxicity, high biodegradability, low surface tension and minimum inhibitory concentration values, they have gained attention in various sectors like food, healthcare, pharmaceutical and petrochemicals. The ecofriendly biological properties of rhamnolipids make them potent materials to be used in therapeutic applications. RLs are also known to induce apoptosis and thus, able to inhibit proliferation of cancer cells. RLs can also act as immunomodulators to regulate the humoral and cellular immune systems. Regarding their antimicrobial property, they lower the surface hydrophobicity, destruct the cytoplasmic membrane and lower the critical micelle concentration to kill the bacterial cells either alone or in combination with nisin possibly due to their role in modulating outer membrane protein. RLs are also involved in the synthesis of nanoparticles for in vivo drug delivery. In relation to economic benefits, the post-harvest decay of food can be decreased by RLs because they prevent the mycelium growth, spore germination of fungi and inhibit the emergence of biofilm formation on food. The present review focuses on the potential uses of RLs in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food and health-care industries as the potent therapeutic agents.