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"Canyons."
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Over and under the canyon
'Over and Under the Canyon' takes young readers on a thrilling tour of a desert canyon ecosystem. Over the canyon, the sun scalds the air, baking desert mud to stone. But under the shade of the cliffs hides another world, where bighorn sheep bound from rock to rock on the hillside, roadrunners make their nests in sturdy cacti, and banded geckos tuck themselves into the shelter of the sand. Discover the wonders concealed in the curves of the canyon, the magic of a desert wildflower bloom, and all the unexpected creatures that bring the desert to life.
CHILDBOOK
The promise of the Grand Canyon : John Wesley Powell's perilous journey and his vision for the American West
When John Wesley Powell became the first person to navigate the entire Colorado River, through the Grand Canyon, he completed what Lewis and Clark had begun nearly 70 years earlier--the final exploration of continental America. The son of an abolitionist preacher, a Civil War hero (who lost an arm at Shiloh), and a passionate naturalist and geologist, in 1869 Powell tackled the vast and dangerous gorge carved by the Colorado River and known today (thanks to Powell) as the Grand Canyon.\" Powell was a scientist, bureaucrat, and land-management pioneer. \"He began a national conversation about sustainable development when most everyone else still looked upon land as an inexhaustible resource. Though he supported irrigation and dams, his prescient warnings forecast the 1930s Dust Bowl and the growing water scarcities of today. Practical, yet visionary, Powell didn't have all the answers, but was first to ask the right questions.
Book
Anobothrus amourouxi sp. nov., a new species of Ampharetidae (Polychaeta) from the Capbreton Canyon (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic Ocean) – ERRATUM
(ProQuest: ... denotes non-US-ASCII text omitted.) Erratum The 'Key for Identification of the Species of the Genus Anobothrus in the World' has been corrected as follows: 1..
Journal Article
Factor graph optimization for GNSS/INS integration: A comparison with the extended Kalman filter
Factor graph optimization (FGO) recently has attracted attention as an alternative to the extended Kalman filter (EKF) for GNSS‐INS integration. This study evaluates both loosely and tightly coupled integrations of GNSS code pseudorange and INS measurements for real‐time positioning, using both conventional EKF and FGO with a dataset collected in an urban canyon in Hong Kong. The FGO strength is analyzed by degenerating the FGO‐based estimator into an “EKF‐like estimator.” In addition, the effects of window size on FGO performance are evaluated by considering both the GNSS pseudorange error models and environmental conditions. We conclude that the conventional FGO outperforms the EKF because of the following two factors: (1) FGO uses multiple iterations during the estimation to achieve a robust estimation; and (2) FGO better explores the time correlation between the measurements and states, based on a batch of historical data, when the measurements do not follow the Gaussian noise assumption.
Journal Article
Hong Kong UrbanNav: An Open-Source Multisensory Dataset for Benchmarking Urban Navigation Algorithms
Accurate positioning in urban canyons remains a challenging problem. To facilitate the research and development of reliable and precise positioning methods using multiple sensors in urban canyons, we built a multisensory dataset, UrbanNav, collected in diverse, challenging urban scenarios in Hong Kong. The dataset provides multi-sensor data, including data from multi-frequency global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), multiple light detection and ranging (lidar) units, and cameras. Meanwhile, the ground truth of the positioning (with centimeter-level accuracy) is postprocessed by commercial software from NovAtel using an integrated GNSS real-time kinematic and fiber optics gyroscope inertial system. In this paper, the sensor systems, spatial and temporal calibration, data formats, and scenario descriptions are presented in detail. Meanwhile, the benchmark performance of several existing positioning methods is provided as a baseline. Based on the evaluations, we conclude that GNSS can provide satisfactory results in a middle-class urban canyon if an appropriate receiver and algorithms are applied. Both visual and lidar odometry are satisfactory in deep urban canyons, whereas tunnels are still a major challenge. Multisensory integration with the aid of an IMU is a promising solution for achieving seamless positioning in cities. The dataset in its entirety can be found on GitHub at https://github.com/IPNL-POLYU/UrbanNavDataset.
Journal Article
A Canyon through Time
Long a refuge for bootleggers and hobos, Tecolote Canyon was engulfed by an industrialized oil boom for twenty years beginning in the 1930s, and endured the only Japanese attack on the contiguous U.S. during World War II. In the postindustrial era, the lower canyon was a haven for surfers, nudists, and gravediggers before being transformed into a five-star resort in the 1990s. But this beautiful area of California’s Santa Barbara coast has been occupied by humans for at least 9,000 years.
Known by the Chumash Indians as Hel’apunitse (guitar fish), the canyon was a major nexus of Chumash village life from about 2000 to 500 years ago. After the arrival of Europeans, the canyon passed from Chumash hands through successive Spanish, Mexican, and American administrations.
In A Canyon through Time , the authors summarize the deep history of this beautiful canyon, which serves as a fascinating history in microcosm of the California coastal region. Using data from archaeology, ecology, geology, geography, and history, they weave an interdisciplinary tale of the natural and human prehistory and history of the Tecolote Canyon area.
eBook
Grasping extreme aerodynamics on a low-dimensional manifold
Modern air vehicles perform a wide range of operations, including transportation, defense, surveillance, and rescue. These aircraft can fly in calm conditions but avoid operations in gusty environments, encountered in urban canyons, over mountainous terrains, and in ship wakes. With extreme weather becoming ever more frequent due to global warming, it is anticipated that aircraft, especially those that are smaller in size, will encounter sizeable atmospheric disturbances and still be expected to achieve stable flight. However, there exists virtually no theoretical fluid-dynamic foundation to describe the influence of extreme vortical gusts on wings. To compound this difficulty, there is a large parameter space for gust-wing interactions. While such interactions are seemingly complex and different for each combination of gust parameters, we show that the fundamental physics behind extreme aerodynamics is far simpler and lower-rank than traditionally expected. We reveal that the nonlinear vortical flow field over time and parameter space can be compressed to only three variables with a lift-augmented autoencoder while holding the essence of the original high-dimensional physics. Extreme aerodynamic flows can be compressed through machine learning into a low-dimensional manifold, which can enable real-time sparse reconstruction, dynamical modeling, and control of extremely unsteady gusty flows. The present findings offer support for the stable flight of next-generation small air vehicles in atmosphere conditions traditionally considered unflyable.
In adverse weather, small-scale modern aircraft can encounter severe turbulence in urban canyons and mountainous areas hindering stable flight. The authors use machine learning to reveal the low-dimensional manifold that captures the extreme aerodynamics of gust-airfoil interactions.
Journal Article
Nine mile canyon : the archaeological history of an American treasure
With an estimated 10,000 ancient rock art sites, Nine Mile Canyon has long captivated people the world over.The 45-mile-long canyon, dubbed the \"World's Longest Art Gallery,\" hosts what is believed to be the largest concentration of rock art in North America.
eBook